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Theories of Humor:
Philosopher Thomas Hobbes’s “Superiority Theory” said that we laugh at someone else’s inferiority. Later philosophers, including Frances Hutcheson, argued that what we are really laughing about is incongruity. We don’t go to asylums to laugh at the “inferior” beings, nor do we laugh at animals unless they resemble human beings. We laugh at someone who slips on a banana peel not because we feel superior, but because of the incongruity between our expectations and the sudden insight. And if the person who slips on a banana peel is pretentious, and is not seriously injured, we laugh even harder.
George Lakoff gives evidence that our view of the world is largely determined by the body we inhabit: Old vs. Young, White vs. Black, Male vs. Female, Strong vs. Weak, Educated vs. Uneducated, Farmer vs. Rancher, Muslim vs. Jewish vs. Christian, Norwegian vs. Spaniard, Athletic vs. Clumsy, etc. Lakoff and others have developed a theory based on this observation named “Embodiment.”
Victor Raskin is a linguist, and linguists tend to deal with one sentence at a time. Script Model Grammar allows linguists to deal with larger texts. Raskin talks about the structure of ajoke by saying that everything in the set-up of the joke is ambiguous but primed in the direction of the mundane. What the punch line of a joke does is to change the priming of the joke from the mundane to the dramatic, or scatological, etc. At this point the audience is able to see that the entire joke—set-up and punch line—have been ambiguous, and that the punch line has just changed the priming. Because the punch line allows the audience to see all of the ambiguity of the joke (both mundane and dramatic), the punch line is very epiphinal.
Don and Alleen Nilsen’s theory of humor analysis and synthesis relates to the Features (characteristics), the Functions (purposes), and Subjects (topics) of humor. The Features of humor include the following: Ambiguity, Exaggeration, Understatement, Hostility, Incongruity, Irony, Sudden Insight, Superiority, Surprise, Tension and Relief, A Trick or Twist, Word Play, Visual Imagery, etc. The Psychological Functions of humor are: To amuse, to establish superiority, to gain control, to persuade, to save face, to test limits, or to inbond or outbond with a social group. The Intellectual Functions of humor are: To amuse, to teach, to make connections, to compare two scripts—one mundane, and one dramatic. The Education Functions of humor are: To relax students, to teach facts, to argue and persuade, to teach vocabulary concepts, to teach careful observation, to problem solve, to engage students, and to aid memory enhancement. Because humor should be edgy, the Subjects of humor are the taboo subjects: Ethnic Identification, Politics, Sexual Roles and Body Parts, Occupations, Religion and Belief Systems. But taboos for Conservatives are not the same as taboos for liberals. Conservatives can use vulgarities, swear words, obscenities, or talk about sex, body parts, or religion. Progressives can’t talk about old people, ethnic differences, disabilities, LGBTQ issues, etc.
The most important theory of humor analysis and synthesis is called Incongruity and Incongruity resolution. For example, you could buy five pigs. On the pigs paint the numbers 1, 2, 3, and 5. Let them loose at WalMart and watch everybody keep looking for pig number 4.
I want a research proposal using that research question
Urgent, emergency action must be taken by UN and ICJ.
I have banged my head on every known walls, like many other fellow concerned human beings have been, to get right Action to stop the non-stop Massacres in Gaza. Now arrived to the threshold, entering into Ramadan.
We Muslims fast in Ramadan for Allah and faith, not merely only for blindness and customary. We Muslims do fast, seek blessings for the earth spiritually, maintain regulation teaching of discipline and self control, the promoting positivity to society. Nurturing diet discipline it's enables human being to maintain good health, and strength immunity trains our gut system to cope with and patience on low food amounts and lacking.
There are people, have no food, worse is they are under suffering condition in War zones, injured and in hostile condition. Children,babies and women in natal stages.
I urge, Those people, groups in War zones and past groups in asylum camps shelters, (those didn't go to Terrorism) the victims from War zones of Iraq, Syria and now Gaza, please take them to Eastern Europe. Some to - 1) Spain. 2) Italy. 3) Poland. 4) Chess/Bosnia.
Migration plan is must for for Climate damages and for War victims. Migration plan need to get done to reshuffle world population.
There April fool, marked a Shame stain in our History. April fool needs to be amended and it is now the best situation to act upon to correct past strains.
Regards,
Fatema Miah
I've been trying to do this for years. The recommended way of using curved tweezers to grab it near the back gets me way less than 50% success. Cantilever tweezers dont work because the probe is too recessed. I've tried grabbing from the front with self-locking and normal sharp tweezers. I have somewhat unsteady hands, but they aren't that bad. I am 95% successful on the Asylum MFP3D, as long as I remove the metal tongue contraption completely first.
Any tips aside from the ones above that don't work for me?
I often need to use the same tip more than once lately for technical, not financial, reasons, so the current situation is untenable.
Hi!
I have an Asylum Research MFP-3D and it is written in the manual that SKPM is 'semi-quantitative', meaning that the Po channel during the second (lift) pass measures the 'surface potential' in mV, however this can be the resulting potential after several 3 contributions: workfunction (WF) difference between tip and sample, so-called contact potential difference (CPD), say Vcpd, such that WFt-WFs=eVcpd, where indices t and s are for tip and sample, respectively. (BTW: the left hand side being WFt-WFs is due to the point that the tip potential is assumed higher than the sample one; opposite than, e.g., Park AFM setup).
However, the total 'surface potential', call it Vsp, has other contributions: Vsp=Vcpd+Vq+Vext, where Vext may be applied externally (think it you look at a semiconductor device like a FET during operation, or interdigitated electrodes); and by Vq I mean V due to static charge q that may be present on the sample surface. So, the most widespread use of SKPM is indeed to measure the WFs, after known WFt, and the hypothesis that both Vext and Vq are 0.
Now, if one wants to use it the other way around, with, ideally, Vcpd=0 (e.g. by using a tip and sample - or substrate - of same material, say both Au or both Ti); and measuring Vq, (we still assume that Vext, what is set in the software as Vsample offset, for instance, is also 0).
The point is mainly, in my opinion, how the sample is contacted. I think that it should not be contacted at all: you contact it, when want to measure WF. But if you contact to measure Vq, not only you share the original Vq on the sample with the contact pads; but even probably fully discharge it, if the sample is additionally connected to the ground plate (as recommended in the manual itself, once again, for conductive samples: but only to measure WF!) So my suggestion is: do not contact the sample at all. But would like to learn what other people think about that!
Additionalluy, about measuring Vq: can one think of a battery as a 'standard' for charge (say potential)? For example, a 1.5 V thin battery for watch or similar devices? Shall we read +1.5 V, if we set the + side up, and -1.5 V if we set the - side up? In this case, shall we contact the poles to the thin wire coming from the head? I think not, but am not sure.
Please help.
For this year's religious studies research symposium at Oxford we (Jennifer Garcia, Leah Butterfield, and I) submitted the following abstract (for which we were accepted to speak at the conference in December):
In the United States, the issue of immigration is a dominant topic of conversation. The Trump administration's policy changes have created a situation in which people from Muslim majority countries have been barred from entering the country, children have been separated from their parents, and families seeking asylum have been detained, potentially indefinitely. Individuals from the executive and legislative branches have cited parts of the Bible as moral justification (and in some cases moral requirements) for these policies and actions. This is part of a pattern of behavior by certain parties to utilize fear in order to push forward policy agendas while circumventing direct responsibility. This paper focuses on the historical and contemporary use of “walls”, both figurative and literal, to create and perpetuate a culture of fear in regards to immigrants. Literal walls include both human-made walls and natural barriers such as deserts and mountains. Figurative walls include laws, executive actions, and fear inducing and differentiating rhetoric. The idea of building a physical wall along the southern border was a linchpin of the Trump campaign, and continues to be a vital part of the administration’s rhetoric. There has been much debate among Christian communities about whether the building of said wall is in line with the teachings of the faith. Religious belief is often central to personal identity. Religious doctrine and language intended to induce fear can be highly activating. Fear often causes people to crave security, to keep “us” in and “others” out. This paper analyzes Biblical texts, religious doctrine, speech transcriptions (by both religious leaders and politicians), and policy language in order to shed light on the issue.
- The United States has requested the extradition of WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange, after he was arrested at the Ecuadorean embassy in London. The Metropolitan police said the arrest was made on behalf of the US authorities.
- Police were videoed forcibly removing Assange, from the Ecuadorian embassy, at around at around 10.50am. Police had been invited into the embassy by the Ecuadorian embassy where Assange had take refuge for almost seven years to avoid extradition to Sweden where authorities wanted to question him as part of a sexual assault investigation.
- Assange is due to appear at Westminster magistrates court later on Thursday. He was being held on a warrant issued by the court when he skipped bail in 2012.
- The president of Ecuador, Lenín Moreno said he secured guarantees from the UK that Assange would not face the death penalty or torture. Justifying the move handing him over to the British police, Moreno said: “In a sovereign decision Ecuador withdrew the asylum status to Julian Assange after his repeated violations to international conventions and daily-life- protocols.”
- Elisabeth Massi Fritz, a lawyer for one of the two women who accused Assange, welcomed the arrest. The Swedish prosecution authority is expected to issue a statement later.
- Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov said Moscow hoped that Assange’s rights would not be violated. A spokeswoman for the foreign ministry accused the UK of strangling freedom.
- The arrest was welcomed by the UK government. Foreign secretary, Jeremy Hunt, thanked Ecuador. “Julian Assange is no hero and no-one is above the law. He has hidden from the truth for years.” Home secretary Sajid Javid is due to update parliament later on Thursday.
- Assange’s supporters have condemned the arrest. Rafael Correa, who was Ecuadorian president when Assange was granted asylum, accused his successor of treachery.
I expect that the question of discharge and recovery may be a contentious issue. Hopefully, the description and supplementary questions below will promote a good debate. Thank You. We all know and accept that mental health is an important part of everyone's life. We can be affected by mental health as individuals or the experience of close family and friends, peers and neighbours. At times the mental health services are involved. It appears that the medical model’s dominance and socio-political discourse, legislation and national policy [in the UK] means that once a patient always a patient is the common school of thought. Once in services it seems that discharge is ubiquitous and quixotic. It is rarely discussed or researched especially from a service user’s perspective. Once you are in the grip of services there is no way out. This may include general practice. You see your family doctor for psoriasis and the questions are focused to your mental state. Recovery is not discharge nor discharge recovery! Recovery orientation has been a part of policy [in the UK] over the past 10 years since the publication of Making Recovery a Reality. Recovery, arguably, isn’t a new model or approach, challenges the dominance of the medical model, and, the paternalistic state, and, Recovery suggests a life beyond the walls of the asylum, and life outside community services. Recovery, arguably, while debated as to a definition [personal, clinical, social, and more recently service defined recovery] personal recovery is accepted as the foundation. The supplementary questions may open up the debate and include:
• What are the barriers and influencers?
• What factors can promote or make discharge possible?
• Does recovery orientation promote discharge?
• Is the ‘danger’ recovery is an ‘excuse’ for discharge?
• Do recovery values and principles underpin change?
• Can recovery promote symbiosis at the heart of a collaborative interdependence between service providers, service providers and service users bring them together? [For example, working in partnership with social care?
Thank You
Andrew
I'm hoping to connect with practitioners and researchers in the area of asylum-seeker employment in Australia since 2013.
Im a trustee and medical advisor to a new charity establishing a refuge and the possibility of trauma resolution in this group.
I am reflecting on Sanctuary practices in the digital space. What does it mean to offer Sanctuary online? What measures should be adopted? What could companies and policy makers do to make the digital space safer for refugees, asylum seekers and undocumented individuals? With recent discourses about net neutrality, this seems less and less an obtainable goal. Do you know other researchers reflecting on this issue?
I'm using Asylum Research MFP 3D in AC mode with a silicon nitride tip. I get a nice resolution and morphology but the height retrace shows that my sample thickness is ten fold larger than published values. Is this an issue with the tip broadening? How can I account for this deviation?
Does anyone know about a RCT-tested, anxiety reducing app for smartphones? Preferable easy to understand, not requiring high level of reading proficiency. Ideally, using visual guides for physical, anxiety reducing exercises.
Any suggestions will be helpful. The app, if it exist, will be used in a low threshold intervention for arabic speaking refugees and asylum seekers in Norway.
In advance,many thanks for your help.
It is a modernist construction designed by the architect Lluís Doménech i Muntaner, organized in pavilions and gardens. Currently the hospital works as an acute income center, and also as a center for the chronically ill.
When responding to refugees and immigrants with strains on the response capacity
Estimados colegas, ¿sería posible colaborar en este proyecto?
Saludos desde Barcelona.
I would like to get in touch with someone that knows the justice administration system in Yélimané. I have some questions to ask in order to carry on my clinical activity with an asylum seeker.
Thank you
Europe is experiencing a refugee crisis and Germany became the most country who welcoming refugee. I'm doing my research about this phenomena, your information will help my thesis.
The interests of politicians do not always coincide with the interest of the majority of people. There was no referendum in Germany before the slogan "refugees are welcome" was proclaimed. Even if some part of society wanted to deal with past trauma, they were not aware about real volume and externalities - in labor market and personal security.
Look at this picture about the reasons for Brexit. Perhaps this is not only the view of Ben Garrison.
As the Schengen area is one of the biggest achievements for EU integration, the current influx of refugees seeking for asylum has made the EU extremely cautious in how to safeguard Schengen from falling apart. Many measures have been taken, and they are mainly oriented towards security of its Member States (temporary closing of borders under art. 25 of the Schengen Borders Code), return and readmission, and fight against smuggling. However, such measures do not seem to comply with fundamental human right standards and principles.
Schengen Borders Code; EU Charter of Fundamental Rights; Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms; and 1951 Geneva Convention, are they respected?
Dear Colleagues, in the light of the efforts some EU countries share in receiving asylum demands and the discussions and propositions in EU institutions, how do you see the solution for the reform of asylum legislation in the EU?
Although transgender refugees can tentatively claim asylum based on various reasons, including political reasons or their membership of a particular social group, for example, in many instances this is very complicated if not impossible in contexts where UNHCR's guidance and interpretation of the Convention does not apply. In addition, within the complexity of the 'trans' gender, many individuals choose or are forced to not undertake any physical transformation, making their claim and justification much more complicated.
In this sense, I wonder whether this concept could also apply to the reality of these refugees.
Asylum rights are regularly seen as rights of high priority. - How are these rights to balance with other basic rights like inner and social security, health and wealth of the inhabitants of the respective nation? - In Germany a hot discussion is going on: On the one hand, partisants of an unlimited asylum right claim obligations till the complete exhaustion of national ressources is reached - and on the other hand, partisans of hard national interests and egotisms hold against. Both parties claim to be backed by law.
I am trying to find legal decisions relating to immigration detention in the US (specifically involving people seeking asylum). Is the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights the most promising place to look? If so, does anyone have any tips on easy ways to navigate the decision archives?
Are there any key domestic decisions which refer to international human rights law?
On a similar note, what are the best/key NGO reports related to human rights/poor conditions in US immigration detention that have been published in recent years?
Many thanks!
I would like to find data on Haitian asylum seekers who received temporary protected status (TPS). I am mainly interested in data that has followed them for a period of time after the receipt of this stay or until they left the United States. The data should include relevant socio-demographic and family information.
thank you for your help beforehand.
It should be understood that, for the remission of tax policy is reasonable enforced because a great asset stored abroad. As a case study: Based on data from Tax Justice Network (2010), there were US $ 331 billion or equivalent to Rp 4,500 trillion in assets Indonesian people stationed in the country of asylum tax (tax haven). Global Financial Integrity (2013) puts Indonesia as the country ranked 7th which have illicit funds abroad with the flow of funds of Rp 200 trillion a year
Meanwhile, in globalization era (the era of integrated and openness), the economic order will more and more liquid, which means when there is a change in one region will affect other distinguished to other regions in particular. as a consequence should be existence of policy that is integrated through coordination and collaboration continuously and intensively for the creation of balance and stability in the welfare of all human life around the world.
In Poland an entry ban was also applied in asylum cases, accordingly, for a certain time. Fortunately this practice has now been abolished.
I'm especially interested in studies that use administrative data directly recorded in the refugees' camps or centers in the receiving countries.
Ideas or remarks for a future planning ?
Thank you !
How can a built environment and architecture of a mental asylum help in awakening the silenced self of schizophernia or, in a more general word, how can I help to reduce the negative symptoms of the disease and mediate the positive symptoms? How much of the multi sensoory approach in architecture can literally be effective while designing for these patients?
Cases if FGM intersecting with mental health providers please. THANKS!
In its judgment on 27 February 2014 the Court of Justice ruled that where a Member State chooses to provide a financial allowance instead of asylum accommodation, the allowance must, inter alia, be sufficient to ensure a dignified standard of living and enable the asylum applicants to obtain housing, if necessary, on the private rental market. Are there any legal or practical consequences of this judgment in your country?
According to art. 3.8 of the directive 2008/115 "voluntary departure" means compliance with the obligation to return within the time-limit fixed for that purpose in the return decision. Is it right to use this notion interchangeably with the notion "voluntary return"?
Council Directive 2001/55/EC on minimum standards for giving temporary protection in the event of a mass influx of displaced persons allows temporarily limited measures to receive refugees into the EU. Is there any legal reason the directive cannot be applied on the current situation of Syrians fleeing their country?
I would like to consider their family system and current socioeconomic factors.
