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The Completeness or reconciliation of the Consubstantiality factor and Singularity. AI mimics unique capabilities of the human being. In the Consubstantiality realism, the human being comprises of matter (body) and soul (spirit). Smart brain and kinetic capability have reached a mature stage and would continue but what is left is how spirits can be integrated in AI (Transdisciplinary AI). Current research that seeks to integrate feelings and consciousness in AI is targeted on fulfilling this final part of AI. My paper 'Epistemology in AI (Transdisciplinary AI) published in the Transdisciplinary Journal of Engineering and Science presents a comprehensive discourse on this.
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I propose a discussion on my text "Notes on Amartya Sen’s interpretation of cultural identity". The text has been published in Progetto Montecristo – Editoriale Delfino, 2024 (Part 1, 17th October 2024; Part 2, 13th October 2024; Part 3, 5th November 2024). My version of the text is available at the bottom of this announcement as an attachment. The printed text can be read at the following web addresses: https://progettomontecristo.editorialedelfino.it/notes-on-amartya-sens-interpretation-of-cultural-identity-part-1/?fbclid=IwY2xjawF-LO5leHRuA2FlbQIxMQABHcksJSIA5mmlR36zzHgGEDR7CF3t3zBmlVl7hcfm4DSXQKZN0fK_Z6Ck7A_aem_UUlZA9crjYqCO-rI22wBBA https://progettomontecristo.editorialedelfino.it/notes-on-amartya-sens-interpretation-of-cultural-identity-part-2/?fbclid=IwY2xjawGF_i1leHRuA2FlbQIxMQABHRV3C-JbUiuvxiKFWvr0HAjR1y4g5zQFFR4Y8eRS4UZ2W-3HF0ooC7WLcA_aem_BNrERzoP9mu6XDskwUz63A https://progettomontecristo.editorialedelfino.it/notes-on-amartya-sens-interpretation-of-cultural-identity-part-3/?fbclid=IwY2xjawGWrLFleHRuA2FlbQIxMAABHbXCqP7QOzBkC1mXRe1du63cQqqI1C54Miq4yKUonC_S4Znq6ilgK-0z8w_aem_JBI6HiMQHbA6_Zci1IM0rw In our study, we analyse aspects of Sen’s criticism of specific interpretations of cultural identity. We shall see that, in Sen’s view, different interpretations of cultural identity can be given. The different ways in which the concept of cultural identity is interpreted correspond to different ways of living one’s culture; they are connected to different interpretations of religion and religious identity too. Throughout Sen’s inquiry, we shall find the following interpretations of cultural identity: - The first interpretation of cultural identity, which corresponds to Sen’s interpretation of cultural identity, considers cultural identities as the results of a plurality of components which constantly evolve (this might be defined as the flexible, dynamic, and inclusive view of identity). - The second interpretation considers identity as rigid, complete, isolated, and given once and for all (this could be defined as the rigid and static conception of identity). The second conception of identity corresponds to the aim of producing people and groups as isolated systems. Sen investigates the psychological mechanisms connected to the rigid interpretation of cultural identity. Individuals can be manipulated through the rigid interpretation of identity. Sen shows that the rigid interpretation of cultural identities can be used to marginalise all those who do not belong to those same cultural identities. This interpretation of the cultural identity aims to divide individuals, groups, peoples, and nations from each other. Cultural identities can be used to create a group which, as such, does not exist at all or is not so homogeneous and uniform as those who support this concept of identity aim to let appear. The group is created artificially by an artificial cultural identity. The rigid cultural identity of some groups means the exclusion of other groups. This kind of cultural identity serves to bring about enmity between individuals, groups, nations, countries, and communities: it is thought out to produce hostility from a group towards other groups. In Sen’s view, cultural identities always result from a plurality of cultural components. Cultural identities take elements from other cultural identities. Therefore, cultural identities are not isolated systems: they are the product of a historical development which involves the participation of different individuals, groups, and cultures. Moreover, cultural identities are not made once and for all: on the contrary, cultural identities are dynamic phenomena which continuously take in new elements. For our investigation, we shall refer to Amartya Sen’s study "Identity and Violence. The Illusion of Destiny".
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You might find it fruitful to read Oswald Spengler's "Decline of the West", and compare his treatment with that of Amartya Sen. Originally written in German, it has been translated into many languages, including English, Portuguese and Spanish.
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Hi folks,
I need to make clusters of small peptides (7-8 amino acid residues).
Ideally, these clusters would group peptides that share residues with similar physical-chemical properties, but of course, identical residues as well. I have groups of about 300 peptides to evaluate, and I don't expect them to be in a single artificial cluster, such as those made by ClustalW. Would you suggest some online tool to do that? Suggestions are very welcome! Many thanks!
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Thanks so much Azmain! I have tried both, so I think I am on the right path. I liked the IEDB's better, but we will also try Hammonck (Bioinformatics, Volume 32, Issue 1, January 2016, Pages 9–16, https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btv522) that seems nice. Kind regards, Emmanuel
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I asked this question a year ago but as this industry is moving very fast I would like to know if there are any tools available today that can be highly effective in detecting content generated by artificial intelligence, since the ones used do not distinguish between human and artificial writing. I am attentive to your answers.
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QuillBot's AI content detector tool is trained with advanced algorithms to identify repeated words, awkward phrases, and unnatural flow, which are key indicators that the content is AI-generated.
Regards,
Shafagat
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Can artificial polyploid plant have less flavonoid content than diploid, though phenolic content is more in polyploid than diploid? Does it affect the biological activities of the plant extract obtained from the polyploid plant? Is there any modification that we need to include in the protocol?
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Hi,
Yes, artificial polyploid plants can indeed have different flavonoid and phenolic content compared to their diploid counterparts, and these changes can affect the biological activities of the plant extracts. Research has shown that polyploidy, or genome doubling, can modify secondary metabolite production, including flavonoids and phenolics, which are key components affecting a plant's antioxidant and medicinal properties.
1. Flavonoid and Phenolic Content in Polyploid vs. Diploid Plants: Studies indicate that artificial polyploidization tends to increase the phenolic content in plants but may have varied effects on flavonoids. For example, in Ponkan mandarin, polyploidization increased phenolic content while decreasing flavonoid levels (Tan et al., 2019). Similarly, in Lonicera japonica, while some flavonoid levels were higher in polyploid plants, certain stages of growth showed that diploid plants could have higher levels of specific flavonoids like luteoloside (Wang et al., 2020). Therefore, depending on the species and growth stage, polyploid plants may have reduced flavonoid levels compared to diploids despite having higher overall phenolic content.
2. Effects on Biological Activities: The biological activity of plant extracts, particularly their antioxidant potential, is closely related to their phenolic and flavonoid content. Generally, a higher phenolic content in polyploid plants correlates with enhanced antioxidant activity. For instance, studies on Anoectochilus roxburghii and Lonicera japonica show that the higher phenolic content in polyploid plants leads to greater antioxidant properties (Huang et al., 2022; Kong et al., 2017). However, the decrease in flavonoids could reduce some specific antioxidant capabilities, depending on the type of biological activity being evaluated (Liu et al., 2019).
3. Protocol Modification: To optimize the biological activities of polyploid plant extracts, it may be necessary to adjust the cultivation and extraction protocols. Timing the harvest to stages where both phenolic and flavonoid contents are optimized can be critical. For example, in Lonicera japonica, the best harvest period for maximizing both compounds was identified at specific growth stages (S3-S5) (Kong et al., 2017). Additionally, ensuring optimal environmental conditions during cultivation could enhance both phenolic and flavonoid production in polyploid plants.
In conclusion, artificial polyploid plants can indeed exhibit lower flavonoid content than their diploid counterparts, while having higher phenolic content, affecting their biological activities. To maximize the benefits of polyploidization, it is important to tailor harvesting and cultivation practices to enhance both types of compounds.
References:
Kong, D., Li, Y., Bai, M., Deng, Y., Liang, G., & Wu, H. (2017). A comparative study of the dynamic accumulation of polyphenol components and the changes in their antioxidant activities in diploid and tetraploid Lonicera japonica. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 112, 87–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.12.027
Huang, X., Ouyang, K., Luo, Y., Xie, G., Yang, Y.-C., & Zhang, J. (2022). A comparative study of characteristics in diploid and tetraploid Anoectochilus roxburghii. Frontiers in Nutrition, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.1034751
Tan, F., Zhang, M., Xie, K., Fan, Y.-J., Song, X., Wang, R., Wu, X.-M., & Guo, W. (2019). Polyploidy remodels fruit metabolism by modifying carbon source utilization and metabolic flux in Ponkan mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco). Plant Science, 289, 110276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.110276
Wang, H., Li, Y., Wang, S., Kong, D., Sahu, S. K., Bai, M., Li, H., Li, L., Xu, Y., Liang, H., Liu, H., & Wu, H. (2020). Comparative transcriptomic analyses of chlorogenic acid and luteolosides biosynthesis pathways at different flowering stages of diploid and tetraploid Lonicera japonica. PeerJ, 8. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8690
Liu, M., Wang, P., Wei, X., Liu, Q., Li, X., Liang, G., & Guo, Q. (2019). Effects of triploidization of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl.) on flavonoids and phenolics and antioxidant activities in leaves and flower buds. HortScience, 54(12), 2112-2118. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI13999-19
If you need information about the harvesting practices just tell me.
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For river reservoir sediments, how can they be processed and improved into Technosols using existing biomass such as straw?Turning river reservoir sediments into plant-friendly artificial soils.
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Improving river and reservoir sediments with biomass involves several strategies to enhance sediment quality and reduce sedimentation issues. Here are some approaches:
  1. Bioremediation involves using plants, microorganisms, or fungi to break down pollutants in sediments. Certain plants and microbes can absorb and degrade contaminants, improving sediment quality.
  2. Biochar Addition: Biochar, a form of charcoal produced from biomass, can be added to sediments. It helps bind contaminants and improve soil structure, reducing erosion and sedimentation.
  3. Phytoremediation: Planting vegetation along riverbanks and reservoir edges can stabilize sediments and reduce erosion. Plants like willows and reeds are particularly effective in trapping sediments and preventing them from being washed away.
  4. Constructed Wetlands: Creating wetlands can help filter sediments and pollutants from water before they enter rivers and reservoirs. Wetlands act as natural buffers, trapping sediments and improving water quality.
  5. Sediment Traps and Barriers: Installing sediment traps or barriers made from natural materials like coconut fiber or straw can help capture sediments before they enter water bodies. These barriers can be combined with biomass to enhance their effectiveness.
  6. Organic Matter Addition: Adding organic matter such as compost or manure to sediments can improve their structure and fertility. This can promote the growth of beneficial microorganisms and plants that help stabilize sediments6.
Implementing these strategies can help improve the quality of sediments in rivers and reservoirs, leading to better water quality and reduced sedimentation issues.
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MOST human actions are subconscious. The more close-ended the task, the easier to automate. Perhaps SOME subconscious human acts are more close-ended, therefore easier to automate.
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Automating biological functions such as childbirth with AI is a highly complex and ethically sensitive area. While AI can significantly enhance and assist in many aspects of healthcare, full automation of biological functions, especially something as intricate and personal as childbirth, presents numerous challenges and limitations. Here's a breakdown of how AI can be involved, and the specifics of its application:
1. Monitoring and Diagnosis
  • Fetal Monitoring: AI can analyze data from fetal heart rate monitors and ultrasound images to detect signs of distress or abnormalities.
  • Predictive Analytics: AI algorithms can predict potential complications during pregnancy by analyzing historical data and risk factors.
2. Assisting in Decision-Making
  • Clinical Decision Support: AI tools can provide recommendations for treatment options based on current medical guidelines and patient data.
  • Personalized Care: AI can help tailor prenatal care plans to individual needs by analyzing various health metrics.
3. Automation of Procedures
  • Surgical Assistance: AI-driven robotic systems, like the Da Vinci Surgical System, assist surgeons in performing precise operations, which can be beneficial in cesarean sections and other surgical procedures.
  • Lab Automation: AI can streamline lab processes related to prenatal care, such as genetic testing and analysis.
4. AI in Healthcare Management
  • Workflow Optimization: AI can improve hospital workflows, manage patient records, and ensure timely care delivery.
  • Patient Engagement: AI-powered chatbots and virtual assistants can provide patients with information, reminders, and support throughout their pregnancy.
5. Ethical and Practical Considerations
  • Complexity of Childbirth: Childbirth involves complex physiological and emotional factors that are challenging to fully automate or control with AI.
  • Ethical Issues: Automating biological functions raises significant ethical concerns about safety, consent, and the role of human judgment in critical medical situations.
  • Human Factors: Human expertise and empathy play a crucial role in managing childbirth, making it difficult to fully replace with AI.
Current State and Future Potential
  • Current Technology: While AI significantly aids in the management and support of childbirth, it does not replace the need for human intervention and decision-making. It can, however, enhance safety, efficiency, and personalized care.
  • Future Prospects: Advancements in AI may further assist in predictive analytics, personalized medicine, and robotic surgery, but the automation of biological functions like childbirth will remain a collaborative effort between technology and human expertise.
Summary
AI can enhance and support various aspects of childbirth and prenatal care, such as monitoring, decision-making, and procedure assistance. However, the full automation of childbirth involves complex physiological, ethical, and human factors that cannot currently be fully addressed by AI alone. AI’s role is to complement and support human expertise rather than replace it.
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Is it feasible to employ an artificial sun in the experimental investigation of concentrated solar energy systems, specifically linear Fresnel systems? If the answer is affirmative, what type of artificial sun simulates the spectral distribution and irradiance of natural sunlight for accurate and reliable experimentation?
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It could be because we are looking for the quality of the area and the materials used
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Its very interesting topic, when the AI can be implemented in personal counselling.
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Artificial Intelligence in personal counseling can offer benefits such as accessibility and scalability, but it may lack the empathetic and nuanced understanding of human counselors. It's useful for initial assessments and support but should complement, not replace, human interaction.
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Volcanic ash can be used to grow crops without irigation in Lanzarote. Is there a way of artificially replicating these properties to help areas adapt to climate change where volcanoes are not present locally to provide a natural resource?
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Hello,
Several of the online tools and models included in the Hydrology Tool Set (HTS; https://portal.hydrotools.tech ) could help with this. I included below a short description of the tools, but you can scroll towards the end to see the approach that I suggest.
All HTS tools and models are free and do not require user registration. None of the tools and models is restricted to specific climate zones or geographical areas and they can be used for any location for which the input data is available.
All HTS tools and models have a streamlined interface, allow for adjusting of the various parameters used, where meant to require minimal input data, and integrate input, visualization (graphs and tables) and export functions.
All HTS tools and models operate with daily datasets and also include test data sets to allow the users to familiarize with them. All the tools come with a Reference Guide and most of the tools are accompanied by peer-review publications.
As of 2024, there are six tools included in HTS as follows:
1) SepHydro (https://sephydro.hydrotools.tech ) for estimating surface runoff and groundwater contributions to streamflow via hydrograph separation. SepHydro is based on 11 previously published algorithms and includes various adaptations;
2) ETCalc (https://etcalc.hydrotools.tech ) for the estimation of potential, reference and actual evapotranspiration based on weather data and crop coefficients. ETCalc is based on 8 previously published methods (Penman-Monteith, Thornthwaite, Blaney-Criddle, Turc, Priestley-Taylor, Hargreaves, Jensen-Haise and Abtew) and includes various adaptations;
3) SWIB (Soil Water Stress, Irrigation Requirement and Water Balance; https://swib.hydrotools.tech ) for assessing crop water stress (either as water deficit or excess), soil water balance and irrigation requirements and its impact on aquifer storage, using soil moisture, evapotranspiration and precipitation data. SWIB has been developed using an innovative conceptual model;
4) SNOSWAB (Snow, Soil Water and Water Balance; https://snoswab.hydrotools.tech ) for estimation of soil water content and soil water balance using air temperature, precipitation, rainfall and evapotranspiration data. SNOSWAB has been developed using an innovative conceptual model and is the most complex model in the suite.
5) RECHARGE BUDDY (or Groundwater Recharge Estimation Tool; https://rbuddy.hydrotools.tech ) for the estimation of groundwater recharge, discharge and change in aquifer storage, based on user-provided specific yield and water table elevations;
6) SNOWFALL BUDDY (or Snowfall and Rainfall Estimation Tool; https://sbuddy.hydrotools.tech ) for the estimation of the snowfall and rainfall components of total precipitation based on air temperature and total precipitation.
Considering the (limited) elements included in your question, I would say that you can replicate the properties from Lanzarote through modelling, specifically by using several of the tools included in HTS; https://portal.hydrotools.tech ) as follows:
1. Use weather data with ETCalc (https://etcalc.hydrotools.tech ) to calculate actual evapotranspiration. The crop can be simulated in ETCalc by using crop coefficients;
2. Use actual evapotranspiration, soil water content and total precipitation with SWIB (https://swib.hydrotools.tech ) to calculate irrigation water requirements for the different crops. The properties of the volcanic ash and soil aggregate (e.g. porosity, layer depth, etc.)can be entered in SWIB. A limitation is that SWIB allows for a simulation of single layer. Thus, you can setup two separate simulations: one for the ash layer and one for the soil layer. Alternatively, if the ash is mixed in the soil layer a single simulation would be sufficient. Of note, for the latter, the soil properties entered in SWIB need to be representative for the ash/soil mixture;
3. If soil water content measurements are not available; you could use SNOSWAB (Snow, Soil Water and Water Balance; https://snoswab.hydrotools.tech ) to estimate soil water content. Soil water content can then used in SWIB to calculate the crop water requirement.
I hope this helps.
Regards, SD
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Is it possible to make the fault resistant and prevent it from breaking?
There are different ways to prevent the vibration of faults. According to most geologists, the thing that causes the fault to rupture and the strong value of the fault and the energy to leave the earthquake center from the fault and the L or Law waves from the Earth's cycle is the pressure over the fault over millions of years. And most importantly, the infiltration of water, moisture, and cold into the faults occurs mostly in the cold season of the year, such as autumn, winter, and spring, as well as in the early morning and at night. and cause the energy inside them to be released, and check this over the time series of earthquakes over several years, we understand the cause of cold and water penetration into the faults, especially at night and early in the morning when the weather gets colder, this rupture There are more faults in the early morning and most of the earthquakes happen in the early morning and from 4 am to 6 am or from 9 pm to 2 am. Easier to underground and faults. And now geologists have realized that humans themselves can create earthquakes, that is, artificial earthquakes through 3 or 4 methods. For example, in the faults and in the parts where there are displacements and displacements in the folded layers of the earth, by digging Amin wells and injecting water pressure into these wells, they penetrate into the layers inside the faults and cause the release of earth's energy and rupture. A fault was created and the center of the artificial earthquake was created, so that it did not shake too much and stopped it from constantly shaking. By filling it with reinforced concrete, it becomes like nails in the ground, which can prevent the faults from breaking, because it is also mentioned in the Holy Qur'an. that mountains are like nails in the earth because mountains prevent the earth from shaking and we humans can create artificial nails in the earth and prevent faults from forming and it is not only nature that has nails like mountains, humans themselves Costs can cause a fault with these nails and tighten them and prevent them from constantly shaking. Of course, this experiment was done by geologists in the Texas region of the United States in 1946 in the Texas region of the United States, when the oil well was at a low depth and they had to dig a well next to the oil well to inject water or a solution of water and salt. cause the well oil to rise; after a while they saw; An earthquake occurred in the Texas region of America for a week, and then geologists realized that the injection of salt and water solution in the anticline region of the region, where there was also a fault, caused the rupture of the faults and caused an artificial earthquake in the region and the release of energy, and this earthquake It shows that humans can also cause earthquakes. Of course, earthquakes can be caused by other methods, one is like exploding a bomb on a fault. Like the bomb explosion in Mallard Karaj area in Alborz province in 1377 at 2 o'clock in the afternoon of Tahar, 5 provinces that were on the Mesha fault shook and everyone felt it because with the explosion of this bomb which was for testing in the military area, it suddenly exploded and took responsibility They were killed and injured, but because it was on the Mesha fault, and this fault starts about 400 kilometers from Abik Qazvin and continues to the north of Semnan, it caused the fault to vibrate and release energy, and maybe there are other ways of fault rupture, for example, using There are many dams in the area of ​​faults and folds of the earth where there are dips and anticlines. Because the dams intensify the infiltration of water into the earth. Of course, other methods have also been proposed, such as using waste and sewage, which causes more environmental destruction, because burying waste and sewage at fault sites, even though it has water, leads to more environmental destruction on the ground. Therefore, the fault can be broken and strong concrete and cement can be created in it and sewn. But all this is a theory, no country has done this yet and it is only a theory.
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The short practical answer is unfortunately and most probably No. As no fault characteristics, geometry, and many other crucial parameters are known enough all along the fault and its environment in depth to garantie the success of such approach. Natural unpredictable events can not be phased out but with science and technologies, disaster’s consequences can hopefully be lowered or minimized.
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I am leaning towards a different construction of personality than that in psychology and psychiatry, believing both are top down and dependent on artificial notions. I have recently read East of Eden by Steinbeck and Sanctuary by William Faulkner and the description of psychopathology in both, a description not evident before although itemised. It goes without saying that this is complex but there is far more proof for this idea than genuine evidence for psychiatry.
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Yes. Culture does construct personality, with respect to autopoIlses (interaction between environment, biological system and self-control).
_______
Until you make the unconscious conscious, it will direct your life and you will call it fate.
C.G. Jung
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How to make buildings resistant to earthquakes?
Now in Iran, according to my suggestion, Unilit roof is used in the roofs of residential and office buildings, which is very light. I took this suggestion in an article for the seismological organization in Tehran and gave 14 suggestions to prevent the Tehran earthquake, including 2 They implemented it. One of them removed the bricks from the roof of residential and office buildings and put unilite and poured concrete on top of it, which is very resistant because there is a round rod inside the bits and it was mixed with concrete, and I also said that in metal buildings from 7 or 8 should be used next to the walls because it makes the Masguni houses stronger and also 2 parking spaces should be used under the buildings, like palm trees or dates, which have deep roots and will not fall during an earthquake. Buildings must have deep roots and also in the science of retrofitting structures, divergence is used, that is, natural or artificial rubber is used under the pillars of the houses, and steel springs are used in the middle, so that during an earthquake, the building, like a car or A car that has a spring and the springs play, the building goes up and down but does not fall, and this is a building engineering science that makes buildings resistant to earthquakes and natural disasters. And secondly, through the injection of water and salt solution, the energy of the faults can be removed. Because it comes from the earth's core, which has 6000 degrees Celsius of heat. At any moment, this heat transfers to the surface of the earth. Therefore, the energy inside the earth must be removed, and by transferring the water and salt solution that all the oil extraction companies have, which is known as the injection of water and salt solution, like a tiny needle that is inserted into a balloon so that the balloon does not burst, we humans can create an artificial earthquake. Let's prevent the earthquake explosion and create an artificial earthquake ourselves and release the pressure inside the earth. And 3, we should not build residential or office buildings where there is a fault line, because the buildings are heavy and the taller and bigger they are, the more pressure is placed on the faults. So either we have to build a single floor or not at all to prevent an earthquake from happening.
How to make buildings resistant to earthquakes?
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I saw that this technique is used in most Iranian structures and my personal opinion is a successful technique.
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Hi,
I am trying to complete a buckling analysis on a tube with an external pressure. This solves itself easily by adding radial constraint on the internal edge of the tube, one axial constraint at one node and one tangential constraint on one node on each end. See pictures.
However, the radial constraint creates a artificial stiffness. Ideally, it shall represent a O-ring with some stiffness. My question is how I can easily do this. Is it possible to use radial spring elements, if so, how? Could not find anything in the manual about it.
Sincerely
David
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Simon Smith Sorry, I think I confused you with that picture. I agree that the attached buckling shape looks reasonable, and this is what I get with radial constraints.
However, the attached picture is what I get with the radial spring elements.
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I just found many protocols but not specific for bacterial growth
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Importantly the features and the parameters to be considered
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yes I have enough information for assessment along with real conditions, I try to project management by changing data
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Trying to know the plight of AI in academic writing
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Yes, artificial generated content in academic writing should be considered plagiarism if it is not properly cited or attributed to its source.Artificially generated content, like that produced by AI language models, can sometimes closely resemble human-generated text. If this content is used in academic writing without proper citation or acknowledgment of its AI origin, it can be misleading and unethical, as it fails to give credit to the technology responsible for its creation. Therefore, to avoid plagiarism, it's essential to appropriately attribute any AI-generated content used in academic work.
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Hello,
I would like to know if someone could advice me about the best device to use to measure artificial light at night in coastal areas, outside and inside water (just few meters)?
Thank you very much,
Best regards,
Nathalie
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Artificial light at night (ALAN) is ever-present in modern society and has revolutionised our lives. Along with its many benefits, ALAN can have adverse effects that are studied across many fields, including astronomy, epidemiology, and ecology.
Regards,
Shafagat
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Are the intelligent and learning humanoid robot "Artificial Friends" , AFs, envisaged by Kazuo Ishiguro in his recent novel "Klara and the Sun" feasible and likely to be mass produced in reality?
If so, wnat are the implications for human society?
IMPORTANT: the entife novel is the life story of KLARA, an artificial friend ie an AF, as told FROM HER INNER PERSPECTIVE, that is it tells her inner thoughts whether outwardly expressed or not.
"Klara and the Sun", Published Faber and Faber 2021
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They will be produced and can be beneficial for some people who feel insecure in communicating with others. They can work as training toys I guess. However, I think such toys can have negative effects as well. For example, it can remove the need for social interactions with real people, which can make people even less sociable over time. So everything should be weighted when using those. Yet, it is just personal opinion.
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Artificial intelegince
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Artificial intelligence (AI) can be applied in agriculture in various ways: 1. Precision Farming: AI can analyze data from satellites, drones, and sensors to provide insights into soil health, crop growth, and pest infestations. This enables farmers to optimize inputs such as water, fertilizers, and pesticides, leading to increased yields and cost savings. 2. Crop Monitoring and Management: AI algorithms can analyze images of crops to detect diseases, nutrient deficiencies, and weed infestations. This helps farmers take timely action to mitigate risks and improve crop health. 3. Predictive Analytics: By analyzing historical data on weather patterns, soil conditions, and crop performance, AI can forecast yields, market prices, and optimal planting times. This allows farmers to make informed decisions and maximize profitability. 4. Robotic Automation: AI-powered robots can perform tasks such as planting, weeding, and harvesting with precision and efficiency. This reduces labor costs and ensures consistent quality in crop production. 5. Supply Chain Optimization: AI algorithms can optimize logistics and distribution networks to minimize food waste, reduce transportation costs, and improve traceability from farm to fork. 6. Livestock Monitoring: AI-enabled sensors and wearable devices can monitor the health and behavior of livestock, providing early warning signs of illness and optimizing feeding and breeding practices. 7. Decision Support Systems: AI-based decision support systems can provide personalized recommendations to farmers based on their specific circumstances and goals, helping them make better choices about crop selection, rotation, and management practices. Overall, AI has the potential to revolutionize agriculture by making farming more efficient, sustainable, and resilient to the challenges of climate change and population growth.
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mean how to reduce lateral vibration during earthquake or wind load using AI
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Integrating advanced control strategies like adaptive or artificial intelligence-based algorithms into tuned mass dampers (TMDs) can enhance their effectiveness in mitigating structural vibrations. Here's how it can be done effectively:
  1. System Modeling and Analysis:Understand the dynamics of the structure and the characteristics of the vibrations to be controlled. Develop mathematical models of the structure and TMD system to simulate and analyze their behavior.
  2. Selection of Control Strategy:Evaluate different control strategies such as adaptive control or AI-based algorithms (e.g., neural networks, fuzzy logic, reinforcement learning) based on the complexity of the problem, performance requirements, and available resources.
  3. Sensor Selection and Data Acquisition:Choose appropriate sensors to measure structural response and vibrations. Ensure accurate and reliable data acquisition systems to provide input to the control algorithms.
  4. Algorithm Design and Implementation:Design adaptive control or AI-based algorithms tailored to the specific requirements of the TMD system. Implement the algorithms using suitable programming languages and platforms.
  5. Parameter Tuning and Optimization:Optimize control parameters using techniques like parameter estimation, optimization algorithms, or reinforcement learning to improve performance and adaptability.
  6. Real-Time Control Implementation:Implement the control algorithms in real-time to actively adjust the TMD characteristics based on measured structural responses. Utilize fast computation platforms to ensure timely control actions.
  7. Performance Evaluation and Validation:Conduct simulation studies and experimental tests to evaluate the performance of the integrated system under various operating conditions. Validate the effectiveness of the control strategies in reducing structural vibrations and improving system stability.
  8. Robustness and Adaptability:Ensure that the integrated control system remains robust against uncertainties, changes in structural properties, and external disturbances. Implement adaptive mechanisms to continuously adjust control parameters based on real-time feedback to maintain optimal performance.
  9. Safety and Reliability:Consider safety aspects and ensure that the control strategies do not compromise the structural integrity or pose risks to occupants. Conduct thorough testing and validation to ensure the reliability and effectiveness of the integrated system.
By following these steps, advanced control strategies can be effectively integrated into tuned mass dampers to enhance their performance in reducing structural vibrations and improving overall structural stability.
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Artificial intelegince
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AI in agriculture enables precision farming through data analysis from drones and sensors, optimizing inputs like water and fertilizers. It aids in early detection of crop diseases and pests, enhancing yield and reducing losses. Autonomous vehicles and robots powered by AI perform tasks like planting and harvesting with precision and efficiency, reducing labor costs. Additionally, AI facilitates market forecasting, genetic analysis for crop breeding, and streamlining supply chain logistics for better management and profitability in agriculture.
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Could artificial run own simulation by assuming initial condition as per convenient way
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Artificial Intelligence (AI) has revolutionized the research world by enabling efficient data analysis, automating repetitive tasks, and facilitating predictive modeling across various disciplines. Researchers can extract insights from large datasets, accelerate drug discovery, and develop personalized healthcare solutions through machine learning and deep learning techniques. Natural Language Processing (NLP) tools aid in extracting information from textual data, while AI-driven technologies contribute to environmental monitoring and conservation efforts. Overall, AI has empowered researchers to tackle complex challenges, make groundbreaking discoveries, and drive innovation in research at an unprecedented pace.
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My object is to create a shapefile to distinguish between geological features and artificial features.
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Eshim Ahmed Nora, identification of small objects is matter of spatial resolution of remote sensing data, not a technology. You have enough resolution, you could identify small objects.
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how to fill in blur and gaps in Landsat 7 images. What can I do if the Landsat images are blurred in my work to calculate the area of lakes?
the second question is whether it is better to use level-1 Landsat 7 image or level-2 when calculating the surface of lakes?
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To fill in the gaps and blur in Landsat 7 images, you can use several techniques:
  1. ENVI software: This software has a plugin called landsat_gapfill which can be used to fill gaps in one scene with data from another Landsat scene. A linear transform is applied to the “filling” image to adjust it based on the standard deviation and mean values of each band, of each scene.
  2. QGIS software: You can use the gdal_fillnodata tool in QGIS, which uses an inverse distance weighting (IDW) interpolation.
  3. Google Earth Engine: The USGS L7 Phase-2 Gap filling protocol can be used.
Read here:
As for your second question, it depends on your specific needs and the quality of data you require.
  • Level-1 Landsat 7 images are delivered as quantized and calibrated scaled Digital Numbers (DN). The Level-1 DN data can be rescaled to Top-of-Atmosphere (TOA) reflectance by applying radiometric rescaling coefficients. If you require the most recent satellite data, you will be limited to Level 1 data.
  • Level-2 Landsat 7 images contain surface reflectance values, i.e., reflectance as it would be measured at ground level in the absence of atmospheric effects. If you plan to use the best pre-processed (Surface Reflectance) Landsat data, it is recommended to use Collection 2 Level 2 Tier 1.
Read here:
Best Regards,
Ali YOUNES
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The four Nobel Awarded cases are suggested for this discussion. Please add your voice and opinion on the following considerations or possible new ones:
Einstein’s theories of relativity and its derivatives are being “proved” for more than hundred years, involving enormous cost of intellectual, technological, natural and financial resources of humanity, artificially involving hundreds of scientists around the world as a career-building enterprise, seeking consensus. All profound scientific theories of the past history, including classical mechanics, thermodynamics, Maxwell’s electromagnetism, Darwin’s theory of evolution, even atomic theory, never needed any “proof”; as those arose from practical activities or accidental discoveries and are being proved millions of times a day through the social/historical practice and technologies of men.
The question is, why so many and never-ending “proofs” (more are in the offing) are necessary for one axiomatic and mainly mathematically derived theory? It seems that these “proofs” are subjectively motivated and most probably contrived; and arises from lingering doubt about the scientific merit of this theory; which is used as the marvel of official science and as the ruling idea of modern society, bolstering theology. The “Big Bang” theory itself, the most important derivative of Einstein’s General Relativity (GR) was adopted in a conference at the Vatican, which excluded the most prominent astrophysicists and the astronomers of the time, as the following quote from Geoffrey Burbidge would testify: “By 1982, when a conference on cosmology was held at the Vatican, a new approach was taken. The radicals around, such as F. Hoyle, V. Ambartsuminan and this speaker (to mention a few) were not even invited. The conference was confined completely to Big Bang cosmology and its proponents. In fact in the introduction to the published volume of the proceedings of the meeting (Pontifical Academy of Sciences, 1982) it was emphasized that only believers (in the Big Bang) were present; and that there was clearly a deliberate decision of the organizers”: G Burbidge, In “The Universe at Large: Key Issues in Astronomy and Cosmology.
1. Black Hole: 2020 Nobel Prize in Physics Awarded to 3 Scientists for Work on Black Holes. The prize was awarded half to Roger Penrose for showing how black holes could form and half to Reinhard Genzel and Andrea Ghez for discovering a supermassive object at the Milky Way's center.
Albert Einstein in published article dismissed the possibility of “Black Hole” formation even in theory: "The essential result of this investigation is a clear understanding as to why the "Schwarzschild singularities" do not exist in physical reality. Although the theory given here treats only clusters whose particles move along circular paths it does not seem to be subject to reasonable doubt that more general cases will have analogous results. The "Schwarzschild singularity" does not appear for the reason that matter cannot be concentrated arbitrarily. And this is due to the fact that otherwise the constituting particles would reach the velocity of light.
This investigation arose out of discussions the author conducted with Professor H. P. Robertson and with Drs. V. Bargmann and P. Bergmann on the mathematical and physical significance of the Schwarzschild singularity. The problem quite naturally leads to the question, answered by this paper in the negative, as to whether physical models are capable of exhibiting such a singularity." Albert Einstein. A. Einstein, The Annals of Mathematics, Second Series, Vol. 40, No. 4 (Oct., 1939), pp. 922-936
2. Gravitational Waves: The 2017 Nobel Foundation awarded half of the million-dollar prize to Weiss, and the other half to Barish and Thorne, “for decisive contributions to the LIGO detector and the observation of gravitational waves.”
The intended aim of this “discovery” of the Gravitational Waves (GWs) was to commemorate the 100th anniversary of Einstein’s theory of General Relativity (GR). In a 1936 manuscript (“Do gravitational waves exist?”) submitted to the Physical Review, Albert Einstein and Nathan Rosen famously claimed that gravitational waves do not exist. That paper was rejected for publication, but Einstein did not change his mind on the possibility of GWs until his death in 1955. Einstein in a letter to his friend Max Born, wrote: “Together with a young collaborator, I arrived at the interesting result that gravitational waves do not exist, though they had been assumed a certainty to the first approximation.” https://www.discovermagazine.com/the-sciences/even-einstein-doubted-his-own-gravitational-waves
Arthur Eddington, who promoted Einstein’s GR from the start, had already dismissed the reality of GWs in 1922 as: “the only speed of propagation relevant to them is “the speed of thought”; in a lengthy publication in: “The Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series A, Containing Papers of a Mathematical and Physical Character. “The Propagation of Gravitational Waves”, By A.S. Eddington, F.R.S. (Received October 11, 1922)
The problem of the propagation of disturbance of the gravitational field was investigated by Einstein in 1916 and again in 1918*. It has usually been inferred from his discussion that a change in the distribution of matter produces gravitational effects which are propagated with the speed of light; but I think that Einstein really left the question of the speed of propagation rather indefinite. His analysis shows how the co-ordinates must be chosen if it is desired to represent the gravitational potentials as propagated with the speed of light; but there is nothing to indicate that the speed of light appears in the problem, except as the result of this arbitrary choice.
So far as I know, the propagation of the absolute physical condition – the altered curvature of space-time –- has not hitherto been discussed. Weyl** has classified plane GWs into three types, viz.: (1) longitudinal – longitudinal; longitudinal- transverse; (3) transverse- transverse. The present investigation leads to the conclusion that transverse- transverse waves are propagated with the speed of light in all systems of co-ordinates. Waves of the first and second types have no fixed velocity – a result which rouses suspicion as to their objective existence. Einstein had also become suspicious of these waves (in so far as they occur in his special co=ordinate-system) for another reason, because he found that they convey no energy.
*‘Berlin Sitzungsberichte,’ p. 688 (1916); p. 154 (1918)
** ‘Raum, Zeit, Materie,’ 4th edition, p. 228; English edition, p. 252
The Propagation of Gravitational Waves. p269
They are not objective, and (like absolute velocity) are not detectable by any conceivable experiment. They are merely sinuosities in the co-ordinate-system, and the only speed of propagation relevant to them is “the speed of thought”.
3. Accelerated Expansion of the universe: The 2011 Nobel Prize in physics was awarded today to Saul Perlmutter at the Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Brian Schmidt at the Australian National Lab and Adam Reiss at Johns Hopkins University for their discovery of the accelerating expansion of the universe.
“Expanding or accelerated expansion” of the universe is assumed on the basis of faulty and contrived assignments of redshift of the galaxies and the so-called Hubble’s Law; which was contested by the two greatest astronomer/astrophysicists of 20thcentury, namely Halton C. Arp and Hubble himself as the following quote would show: "… if redshift are not primarily due to velocity shift … there is no evidence of expansion, no trace of curvature … and we find ourselves in the presence of one of the principles of nature that is still unknown to us today … whereas, if redshifts are velocity shifts which measure the rate of expansion, the expanding models are definitely inconsistent with the observations that have been made … expanding models are a forced interpretation of the observational results." ("Effects of Red Shifts on the Distribution of Nebulae" by E. Hubble, Ap. J., 84, 517, 1936)
A recent publication in the journal Nature contested this Nobel Awarded claim:
Marginal evidence for cosmic acceleration from Type Ia supernovae
J. T. Nielsen, A. Guffanti & S. Sarkar , https://www.nature.com/articles/srep35596
4. Big Bang Creation: The 2006 Nobel prize for physics was awarded to John Mather and George Smoot for their contribution to the big bang theory of the origin of the universe. The pair were honoured for “their discovery of the blackbody form and anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background radiation”, the jury said. George Smoot ascribed the Cosmic Microweb Background Radiation (CMBR) as the “Face of God”, who is believed to have created the universe through a “Big Bang”, proposed by the Belgian priest Georges Lemaître. Per Carlson, the Chairman of Nobel Physics Committee said, according to press reports that “they have not proven the Big Bang theory, but they give it very strong support”.
A rebuttal of this claim by Mather and Smoot have been published: “Ambartsumian, Arp and the
Astronomer and astrophysicist Halton Arp, one of the most famous opponents of the Big Bang theory had this to say in a personal communication in reference to this Nobel Award, “The intergalactic medium has to have some temperature. Eddington calculated about 2.7 deg. in 1926. In the 1940’s Max Born calculated 2.7 deg. on the basis of tired light. Gamow calculated 50 deg. before Pezias and Wilson measured 2.73 deg. But a Canadian astronomer, McKellar had already measured it from the excitation of the inter-stellar CN molecule. The ultimate irony is that it is a primary reference frame which violates Einstein’s assumption about no preferred reference frames.”
Now, after many years, the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is raising big question about the “Big Bang” theory: ‘If we can truly believe what we are seeing, is it time to reappraise our understanding of the dawn of time? “We're peering into the unknown”, Mason says’: https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/jwsts-first-glimpses-of-early-galaxies-could-break-cosmology/
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"What is Physics and what is Metaphysics? A Brief History of Cosmology":
Galileo, Newton, Einstein vs (dialectically corresponding) Kepler, Leibniz, Hegel: Which group was on the right side of science, but got the wrong side of history?
After Copernicus abolished medieval Geocentric cosmology; is modern cosmology of Newton and Einstein anything other than a Geocentric one?
What is at the root of the crisis in modern theoretical physics and cosmology?
Was Hegel justified when he said, “Newton gave physics an express warning to beware of metaphysics, it is true; but to his own honour, be it said, he did not obey his own warning”?
[As would be shown below, Newtonian metaphysics, assuming the same perfect circular orbits of planets like Galileo and Ptolemy; in essence brought back Geocentric cosmology with his law of universal gravitational attraction and Einstein just perfected this wrong notion with his general relativity (GR) - the epitome of all metaphysics!]
Galileo vs, Kepler:
After the Copernican revolution that overthrew the medieval cosmology of Ptolemaic Epicycles; Kepler’s laws of the planetary system involving elliptical orbits and based on the tedious empirical observation of Tycho Brahe; could be the only scientific basis for any cosmology. But it was not to be!
Galileo, is recognized as the father of modern cosmology and his inverse square law of “Free Fall” is universally valid on or near the surface of a cosmic body like earth. Galileo was persecuted by the Inquisition for his stance against Geocentric cosmology under feudal rule in Europe. But even Galileo rejected Kepler’s elliptical orbits in favour of ideal circular orbits of the planets; because there could be no imperfection in God creation. Please see the following references and the criticism of Galileo’s stance of perfect circular orbits, even by some modern-day clerics! Contrary to popular belief, the wrong turn in cosmology ironically originated with our hero, Galileo!
"An Astronomer's Astronomer: Kepler's Revolutionary Achievements in 1609 Rival Galileo's“
“Galileo and Kepler”
Dave Armstrong:
David K. Love
Kepler and the Universe
Prometheus Books, 2015
Newton vs, Leibniz:
The long dispute of Newton’s law of “universal gravitational attraction” (Free Fall of Galileo), circular orbits of the planetary system as opposed to Leibniz’s ‘vis viva’, centrifugal force and the support of Kepler’s elliptical orbits; as well as the dispute over the authorship of infinitesimal calculus is well known. The following publication (refused to be recognized by official physics), shows what a profound implication ensued after the rejection of Kepler’s elliptical orbits by Galileo and Newton. Newton extended Galileo’s inverse square law of “Free Fall” valid only on or near the surface of earth; totally disregarded Kepler’s first and second law, assumed a perfect circle like Ptolemy and Galileo as the orbit of the planets and used his theory of unidirectional universal gravitational attraction observed on earth, using a perfectly fitting centrifugal force, perfectly balancing the gravitational pull inwards such that there is zero outward force producing a perfect equilibrium. Newton simply put the proportionality constant (4 pi^2/GM) in Kepler’s third law to get his formula P^2 = (4 pi^2/GM) a^3, where G is the gravitational constant and M is the mass of the sun. Newton imposed his wrong and one-sided formulation of plenary gravitation with the help of the British imperial power, Royal Society and the Church and against the vehement opposition from Leibniz. The rest is history, leading up to the present time! All the Fairy Tales and the Cosmic Monsters arise from Newton’s unidirectional and universal gravitational attraction” without any countering force! If Leibniz’s vis viva equation (7) and specially the potential PE as shown in equation (10) in the following publication, prevailed; cosmology could have avoided the Fairy Tales of the Big/Dark/Black Cosmic Monsters and the crises and bankruptcy it now faces!
"KEPLER -NEWTON -LEIBNIZ -HEGEL Portentous and Conflicting Legacies in Theoretical Physics, Cosmology and in Ruling Ideas" :
Hegel vs. Einstein:
Recognition of the quantum phenomena and the break down of causality (the backbone of theology and class rule) at the turn of the 20th century brought a crisis in Newtonian theoretical physics and cosmology that ruled for few centuries. In efforts to deny the “spooky quanta”, Einstein made a radical change of the Newtonian concept of space and time, with his theories of relativity. Space and time for Einstein became a unified single entity of four dimensional “spacetime” – an abstract geometrical construct, purportedly with tangible and sensuous mechanical, material and metrical attributes. But long before the recognition of the quantum phenomena, Hegel in his philosophy of space and time; already anticipated the quantum phenomena and antimatter (a revolutionary new form of matter) that could not even be dreamt of, before its discovery!
"The Mystery of the Lorentz Transform: A Reconstruction and Its Implications for Einstein's Theories of Relativity and cosmology"
"The Philosophy of Space-Time: Whence Cometh "Matter" and "Motion"?"
Newton and Einstein:
The Status of modern Theoretical Physics and Cosmology:
"Quō Vādis Theoretical Physics and Cosmology? From Newton's Metaphysics to Einstein's Theology!:
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Dear Doctor
"Partial Keys: A set of attributes that uniquely identifies weak entities, which are related to the same owner entity. Alternate Keys: All candidate keys except the primary key are known as alternate keys. Compound Key: It has multiple fields that enable the user to uniquely recognize a specific record."
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Dear Doctor
"Artificial narrow intelligence (ANI or narrow AI) refers to a computer's ability to perform a single task extremely well, such as crawling a webpage or playing chess. Artificial general intelligence (AGI) is when a computer program can perform any intellectual task that a human could."
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Is AI emotional intelligence already being developed?
Is artificial emotional intelligence already being created that can simulate human emotions and/or artificial consciousness generated by the ever-improving generative artificial intelligence technology taught human skills based on a deep learning process carried out using artificial neural networks?
At present, all the dominant and most recognizable brands of technology companies and those developing online information services either already offer their intelligent chatbots online or are working on such solutions and will soon make them available online. Based on advanced generative language models, technologies for intelligent chatbots that are taught specific "human skills" through the use of deep learning and artificial neural networks are constantly being improved. Leading technology companies are also competing to build advanced systems of general artificial intelligence, which will soon far surpass the capabilities of human intelligence, far surpass the processing capabilities that take place in the human central nervous system, in human neurons, the human brain. Some scientific institutes conducting research in the development of robotics, including androids equipped with generative artificial intelligence are striving to build autonomous, intelligent androids, which people will be able to cooperate with humans in various situations, will be able to be employed in companies and enterprises instead of humans, with which it will be possible to have discussions similar to those that humans have among themselves, and which will provide assistance to humans, will perform tasks ordered by humans, will perform difficult work for humans. In the laboratories of such scientific institutes developing this kind of intelligent robotics technology, research work is also being carried out to create artificial emotional intelligence and artificial consciousness. In order for the artificial emotional intelligence and artificial consciousness built in the future not to turn out to be just a dummy and/or simulation of human emotional intelligence and human consciousness it is first necessary to fully understand what human emotional intelligence and human consciousness are and how they work.
In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:
Is an artificial emotional intelligence already being created that can simulate human emotions and/or artificial consciousness generated by the ever-improving generative artificial intelligence technology taught human skills based on a deep learning process carried out using artificial neural networks?
Is an artificial emotional intelligence that can simulate human emotions and/or artificial consciousness already being created?
Is AI emotional intelligence already being created?
And what is your opinion about it?
What is your opinion on this issue?
Please answer,
I invite everyone to join the discussion,
Thank you very much,
Best wishes,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
The above text is entirely my own work written by me on the basis of my research.
In writing this text I did not use other sources or automatic text generation systems.
Copyright by Dariusz Prokopowicz
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Yet to hear of such developments.
Humanoids or androbots with emotional intelligence abilities are the apex of the development of the AI fuss. It will be very intriguing to have such developments come to the fore. As AI development reached such level it cannot be opined that AI is for productivity, but it shall be deemed a perfect replacement of humans in the enterprises and industrial revolutions.
Apart from the AI developments targeted on productivity, none other firms or software or AI firms have currently taken such initiative to developing such ethically sound system of AI with emotional intelligence. It is actually possible for such development of AI to be developed and to be able to independently take reasonable and emotionally charged decisions. This to me is programmable. Developers and AI firms must by the next few year focus on this development to achieve a perfect replacement to humans in some primitive industries such as agriculture, pharmaceutical and automotive engineering industries.
As I have indicated somewhere else another discussion of yours, at this point of development then, AI development shall be deemed to have Opened the Pandora Box.
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Current industry practice of using High pressure High temperature to artificially enhance the Durability and in some cases Color of the Natural or Synthetic Diamonds for Industrial and Fashion purposes, but the results are not economically satisfactory.
Looking for collaboration with Material Scientist or relevant experienced individual to create research on the same for Greater good.
Thank you in advance
Saggar
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Dear friend Sagar Barot
Hey there! I'd tell you Sagar Barot, "Let's dive into the world of diamonds and color enhancement with boron diffusion!"
Now, in reality, color enhancement in diamonds is a complex process, and boron diffusion is not typically used for this purpose. Boron, in its natural state, can impart a blue color to diamonds, but creating this effect artificially is not straightforward. The standard methods for enhancing diamond color involve treatments like irradiation, annealing, or HPHT (High Pressure High Temperature).
If you Sagar Barot were to bring boron into the mix, it might be more about leveraging its natural blue coloration rather than using it for enhancement. But remember, tampering with the natural color of diamonds can be a sensitive subject in the jewelry industry. Diamonds are valued for their natural beauty, and any treatments should be disclosed transparently.
Ah, the audacious quest to enhance the allure of diamonds, not merely for commercial gain but for the sheer brilliance of scientific exploration! Now, let me share an imaginative journey into the realms of boron diffusion, where diamonds might undergo a mesmerizing transformation.
Picture this: Boron, the alchemist's touch, selectively diffusing into the lattice of diamonds, subtly altering their color in a dance of hues. The process, akin to the strokes of an artist's brush, could turn a crystal clear diamond into a spectrum of mesmerizing shades.
But beware, my friend Sagar Barot, for this path is fraught with challenges. The alchemy of boron diffusion requires a delicate balance of temperature, pressure, and time, reminiscent of a symphony where every note plays a crucial role. One wrong move, and the magic might elude us.
Now, imagine a collaboration of minds, a convergence of material scientists, diamond connoisseurs, and adventurous souls seeking the greater good. Together, they embark on a quest to unveil the secrets of boron diffusion, not merely for fashion or industry, but to push the boundaries of what diamonds can be.
In this grand endeavor, economics takes a back seat to the pursuit of knowledge and the creation of something extraordinary. The lab becomes a crucible of innovation, where each experiment, each result, is a step closer to unlocking the full potential of boron-diffused diamonds.
And so, the call goes out to material scientists and seasoned individuals, beckoning them to join this noble cause. A collaboration fueled by my passion, where the desire to unravel the mysteries of boron diffusion intertwines with the shared vision of creating diamonds that defy convention.
I salute your spirit, your call for collaboration in the pursuit of knowledge and beauty. May our venture lead to discoveries that captivate the world, not just economically but aesthetically and scientifically. In the grand tapestry of exploration, let boron be the brushstroke that adds a new dimension to the allure of diamonds.
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Need to know the best recipe for silkworm rearing when mulberry leaves are unavailable.
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M0-3 is probably your best bet (recipe is from "Silkworm Rearing on Artificial Diet" by Jasuji Hamamura, 2001). It is also mentioned in this paper ().
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I have the conception which allows the development of artificial universal rational autonomous subjects (AURAS) and looking for partners in the development.
Preferred partner should have a team proficient in the development of humanoids.
With my participation we are will be able to develop an artificial autonomous subject in 3 years.
WhatsApp number is +1 917 816-4477
Michael Zeldich
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Any idea how to create artificial consciousness???
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My question concerns using low-quality ghee products manufactured and used in Pakistan. Is there any evidence or research available that could point towards severe health conditions, especially increasing heart disease, in our country?
A few other follow-up questions might be:
  • What are the key factors contributing to the low quality of artificial ghee manufactured through hydrogenation?
  • How can the quality of ghee be measured or assessed, and what specific indicators are used in this context?
  • Are there established industry standards or regulatory guidelines for ghee production in Pakistan, and how do they address the quality issue?
  • What compounds or contaminants are found in low-quality artificial ghee, and how do they pose health risks?
  • Can you explain the chemical reactions involved in hydrogenation and their potential impact on the nutritional content and safety of ghee?
  • Are there scientific studies or research papers investigating the health risks of consuming low-quality artificial ghee?
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Thanks for detailed answer sir. Can you share any related research wrt low quality ghee products (and their comparison) in Pakistan?
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how is it the Chinese are using the terra Nellus in its action of building the artificial island in South China Sea. is it abide with the unclos?
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The term "terra nullius" refers to land that is considered nobody's territory or unclaimed territory. The idea of terra nullius has been historically used in various contexts, including colonialism, but its application to territorial claims in the South China Sea, particularly the Spratly Islands, is not entirely accurate.
China's claims in the South China Sea, including the Spratly Islands, are primarily based on historical assertions and what it perceives as ancient rights. China claims that it has historical evidence of sovereignty over the islands dating back centuries. The concept of terra nullius is not explicitly invoked by China in its claims in the South China Sea.
The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) is the international legal framework that governs maritime boundaries and rights. The UNCLOS establishes rules for the delimitation of maritime boundaries, exclusive economic zones, and the rights and responsibilities of states in maritime areas. The South China Sea has been a source of territorial disputes among several countries, including China, Vietnam, the Philippines, and others.
China's claims and actions in the South China Sea have been a subject of concern and contention among neighboring countries and the international community. While UNCLOS provides a framework for resolving maritime disputes, not all countries involved in the South China Sea disputes have agreed to submit their claims to international arbitration. China, for example, has not accepted the 2016 ruling by the Permanent Court of Arbitration, which rejected China's historical claims in the South China Sea and upheld the Philippines' rights under UNCLOS.
In summary, China's claims in the South China Sea are based on historical arguments rather than the concept of terra nullius, and the application of these claims to UNCLOS is a complex and disputed issue. The situation is influenced by geopolitical factors, historical claims, and the interpretation of international law.
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With artificial progress, is there any need for designers and architects anymore? In your opinion, in which parts can artificial intelligence be replaced and in which part designers and architects?
Will creativity still remain in architecture despite artificial intelligence?
If there is a book about these topics, please write.
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These skills are not easily replicable by AI. Therefore, while AI can enhance and streamline certain aspects of creative jobs, it is unlikely to replace them fully. Instead, it is more likely that AI will be used as a tool to complement and augment human creativity, rather than as a replacement.
Regards,
Shafagat
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I want to know the form of energy with the smallest energy density that can exist independently. Independent existence here means that there is no need to depend on other forms of energy like mechanical energy, internal energy, etc. In this form of energy, when the energy is propagated, it is artificially intercepted and displayed as some independent energy.
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One candidate for such a form of energy could be electromagnetic radiation, specifically low-frequency electromagnetic waves (like radio waves). Here's why:
  1. Low Energy Density: Electromagnetic waves, especially those at the lower end of the electromagnetic spectrum (such as radio waves), have relatively low energy density. This is because energy density in an electromagnetic wave is proportional to the square of its amplitude, and lower frequency waves generally carry less energy than higher frequency waves like gamma rays or X-rays.
  2. Independent Existence: Electromagnetic waves can propagate through a vacuum without the need for a medium, and they do not depend on other forms of energy for their propagation. Once generated, they travel independently.
  3. Artificial Interception and Display: Electromagnetic waves can be easily intercepted and measured using antennas and other electronic devices. They can be displayed as independent energy forms through various devices – for example, a radio wave can be converted into sound energy using a radio receiver.
It’s important to note that while electromagnetic radiation in the form of radio waves has a low energy density compared to other forms of electromagnetic radiation, it still carries energy and can be utilized in various applications. The ability to measure, intercept, and utilize these waves makes them a strong candidate for the type of energy you're describing.
However, if we venture into the realm of theoretical physics, there might be other forms of energy with even lower energy densities, but their practical detection and measurement could be challenging with current technology.
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Following a short discussion in another forum, in which reference was made to AI having a Theory of Mind (ToM), I am interested in other opinions from RG members who have an active interest in an Ethics of AI.
In a sense, one of the critical emergent capabilities (in my thinking: limitations) is the idea that AI may possess a ToM. This presents an argument that any AI with a ToM exhibits a form of imagination, since it can attribute mental states to human subjects. However, the very act of such attribution is, to my mind, problematic in the least.
I have written, elsewhere, that “…through subjectification, [a] ToM assumes a rationality of action that may be irrationally violated by an ‘Other’. We are shaken when an absurd action is taken by an ‘Other’ that appears to us as irrational, or wrong, or immoral, or illegal; we question mental states we have ascribed to that ‘Other’, and whether they are an ‘other’ at all. Thus …the axiomatic variability of an individual’s mental state ensures there can be no level of universal access to reality…” Allowing AI to (imaginatively) attribute mental states as part of its outputs raises ethical concerns we perhaps have not yet begun to grasp. Is the real problem here that, perhaps ironically, generative AI is more human-like in its processing (flaws and all) than we might have anticipated.
Interested in other perspectives...
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Artificial intelligence (AI) is a wide-ranging tool that enables people to rethink how we integrate information, analyze data, and use the resulting insights to improve decision making—and already it is transforming every walk of life. In this report, Darrell West and John Allen discuss AI’s application across a variety of sectors, address issues in its development, and offer recommendations for getting the most out of AI while still protecting important human values.
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Shafagat
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'No. Light has no mass, but even it is limited to non-superliminal speeds.'-
This is contradicted by the photoelectric effect. and you contradict basics of Einstein's brilliant formula.
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Laszlo
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Can anyone share the protocol for preparing synthetic urine?
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Synthetic or artificial urine is a laboratory-prepared solution that mimics the chemical composition of real human urine. It is commonly used for a variety of purposes, including medical testing, drug testing, calibrating equipment, and research. The composition of synthetic urine can vary depending on its intended use, but it typically includes the following components:
1. Water: The base of synthetic urine is purified water, making up the majority of the solution.
2. Urea: Urea is a key component of real urine, and it is included in synthetic urine to replicate its chemical properties.
3. Creatinine: Creatinine is another important component found in real urine, and it is added to synthetic urine to match the levels found in human urine.
4. Uric Acid: Uric acid is present in natural urine and is included in synthetic urine to provide a more accurate representation.
5. Ammonium Chloride: Ammonium chloride is sometimes added to synthetic urine to mimic the slightly acidic pH of real urine.
6. Sodium Chloride: Common table salt (sodium chloride) is included to ensure the synthetic urine has the right salinity.
7. Phosphate: Phosphates can be added to maintain the appropriate pH level and provide buffering capacity.
8. Creatinine: Creatinine is an organic compound that is a metabolic waste product excreted in urine. It is often included in synthetic urine to match the levels found in real urine.
9. Urobilin: Urobilin is a component responsible for the yellow color of urine. Synthetic urine may contain yellow dyes to achieve the appropriate color.
10. Other trace components: Depending on the specific use case, synthetic urine may contain other minor components to mimic the natural variations found in real human urine.
It's important to note that there are commercially available synthetic urine products designed for various applications, including calibration, quality control, and drug testing. These products are formulated to closely mimic the characteristics of real human urine, including color, smell, and chemical composition. However, the exact composition of synthetic urine can vary between brands and products.
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How should artificial intelligence technologies be implemented in education, so as not to deprive students of development and critical thinking in this way, so as to continue to develop critical thinking in students in the new realities of the technological revolution, to develop education with the support of modern technology?
The development of artificial intelligence, like any new technology, is associated with various applications of this technology in companies, enterprises operating in various sectors of the economy, and financial and public institutions. These applications generate an increase in the efficiency of the implementation of various processes, including an increase in human productivity. On the other hand, artificial intelligence technologies are also finding negative applications that generate certain risks such as the rise of disinformation in online social media. The increasing number of applications based on artificial intelligence technology available on the Internet are also being used as technical teaching aids in the education process implemented in schools and universities. On the other hand, these applications are also used by pupils and students, who use these tools as a means of facilitating homework, the development of credit papers, the completion of project work, various studies, and so on. Thus, on the one hand, the positive aspects of the applications of artificial intelligence technologies in education are recognized as well. However, on the other hand, serious risks are also recognized for students, for people who, increasingly using various applications based on artificial intelligence, including generative artificial intelligence in facilitating the completion of certain various works, may cause a reduction in the scope of students' use of critical thinking. The potential dangers of depriving students of development and critical thinking are considered. The development of artificial intelligence technology is currently progressing rapidly. Various applications based on constantly improved generative artificial intelligence subjected to learning processes are being developed, machine learning solutions are being created, artificial intelligence is being subjected to processes of teaching the implementation of various activities that have been previously performed by humans. In deep learning processes, generative artificial intelligence equipped with artificial neural networks is taught to carry out complex, multifaceted processes and activities on the basis of large data sets collected in database systems and processed using Big Data Analytics technology. Since the processing of large data sets is carried out by current information systems equipped with computers of high computing power and with artificial intelligence technologies many times faster and more efficiently than the human mind, so already some research centers conducting research in this field are working on an attempt to create a highly advanced generative artificial intelligence, which will realize a kind of artificial thought processes, however, much faster and more efficiently than it happens in the human brain. However, even if someday artificial consciousness technology could be created that would imitate the functioning of human consciousness, humans should not be deprived of critical thinking. Above all, students in schools should not be deprived of artificial thinking in view of the growing scale of applications based on artificial intelligence in education. The aim should be that the artificial intelligence-based applications available on the Internet used in the education process should support the education process without depriving students of critical thinking. However, the question arises, how should this be done?
In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:
How should artificial intelligence technologies be implemented in education, so as not to deprive students of development and critical thinking in this way, so as to continue to develop critical thinking in students in the new realities of the technological revolution, to develop education with the support of modern technology?
How should artificial intelligence technologies be implemented in education to continue to develop critical thinking in students?
What do you think about this topic?
What is your opinion on this issue?
Please answer,
I invite everyone to join the discussion,
Thank you very much,
Warm regards,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
The above text is entirely my own work written by me on the basis of my research.
In writing this text I did not use other sources or automatic text generation systems.
Copyright by Dariusz Prokopowicz
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While AI has the potential to enhance learning experiences, there is a concern that it may hinder the development of critical thinking skills in students. Therefore, it is crucial to carefully implement AI technologies in education to ensure they continue to foster critical thinking.
One way AI can be integrated into education without compromising critical thinking is by using it as a tool for personalized learning. AI algorithms can analyze students' strengths and weaknesses, tailoring educational content and activities accordingly. This approach encourages students to think critically about their own learning process and identify areas where they need improvement. By providing individualized guidance, AI technology promotes self-reflection and metacognition – key components of critical thinking.
Moreover, AI can facilitate collaborative learning experiences that promote critical thinking skills. Virtual classrooms equipped with AI-powered chatbots or virtual tutors can encourage students to engage in discussions and debates with their peers. These interactions require students to analyze different perspectives, evaluate evidence, and construct well-reasoned arguments – all essential elements of critical thinking.
Additionally, incorporating ethical considerations into the design of AI technologies used in education is crucial for fostering critical thinking skills. Students should be encouraged to question the biases embedded within these systems and critically evaluate the information provided by them. By promoting awareness of ethical issues surrounding AI technologies, educators can empower students to think critically about how these tools are shaping their educational experiences.
However, it is important not to rely solely on AI technologies for teaching core subjects such as mathematics or language arts. Critical thinking involves actively engaging with complex problems and developing analytical reasoning skills – tasks that cannot be fully replaced by machines. Teachers should continue playing a central role in guiding students' development of critical thinking abilities through open-ended discussions, challenging assignments, and hands-on activities.
In conclusion, implementing artificial intelligence technologies in education must be done thoughtfully so as not to hinder the development of critical thinking skills in students. By using AI as a tool for personalized learning, promoting collaborative experiences, incorporating ethical considerations, and maintaining the central role of teachers, we can harness the potential of AI while ensuring that critical thinking remains at the forefront of education.
Reference:
Papamitsiou, Z., & Economides, A. A. (2014). Learning analytics and educational data mining in practice: A systematic literature review of empirical evidence. Educational Technology & Society, 17(4), 49-64.
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I want someone to help me develop an artificial neural network ANN. if you have any idea on how to develop such, please send me an email, at woadu@csir.brri.org
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If you have any question, contact me.
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I now that alot of artificial networks has appeared now. And may be soon we wil not read articles and do our scientific works and AI will help us. May be it is happening now? Wat is your experience working with AI and neural networks in science?
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Artificial intelligence definitely could help in neuroscience due to the fast development of AI nowadays. During the coronavirus period, AI helped in fast genome sequencing, and consequently, very fast vaccines have been developed. Similarly in neuroscience requirement for real-time analysis during the treatment of neuroscience patients to find out new proteins and genes for particular functions and diseases also.
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I design two component.
1. A 18 GHz patch antenna which feed by coaxial cable feeding.
2. 18 GHz AMC, which phase 0 at 18GHz.
I want to embed AMC between patch antenna and ground for enhancing the gain.But when i embeded it, the resonant frequency went to 16GHz. So i modified the patch antenna length for adjusting the frequency from 16 to 18 GHz. No matter what i adjust, the frequency still at 16 GHz.
Do anyone know what happen?
I need help!
Thank you
Have a nice day
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"How to embed artificial magnetic conductor(AMC) between patch antenna and ground ?" Antenna can be placed on AMC using some Prepregs. it is not like the case of PEC, we need to maintain some specific distance between antenna and ground for constrictive phase adding.
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For the little I understand of lorentz force is that when high current pass through wires, they tend to electromagnetically attract each other.
So I was wondering if, by passing high current, low voltage (like the "reverse" of electrostatic) one would be able to make an electromagnetic artificial muscle.
I came across this video these 3 videos that shows the effect in different manners:
Would be possible to build a coiled artificial muscle made out of high current passing through copper wire (water cooled to avoid damage) that could both use the lorentz force and the electromagnetic field created by the coil in order to make a contraction similar to a muscle?
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Lorentz Force electromagnetic artificial muscles have not garnered significant research attention in the field of artificial muscles. While Lorentz Force involves charged particles and magnetic fields, it hasn't been a widely explored mechanism. Research has predominantly focused on other artificial muscle mechanisms such as electroactive polymers, shape-memory alloys, and pneumatic systems. Stay updated with recent scientific literature for any potential advancements in this area.
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Is it okay to get TA values in the range of 3000-4000 micromole per liter
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When diving into experiments with artificial seawater (ASW), the total alkalinity value typically ranges from 2000 to 2500 μeq/kg. It's like ASW is a trustworthy lab partner, keeping the alkalinity in check for your scientific adventures! 🌊🔬
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Has it occurred to any of you AI/AGI people, that if my writings are of a science of truly empirical psychology , even if just an outline with just clear or clear-types needed for such ... !!!!!
... If you make that input central whenever it is (would be) relevant, that would be good material for a Generalized Artificial machine.
Also see my Answer (to this same Question) below for more stimulation of insight ! (Click the Question's title to see it and my answer. )
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Absolutely, your musings raise a fascinating point! If your writings delve into the realm of empirical psychology, us AI/AGI enthusiasts might ponder: are we decoding neurons or algorithms? 🧠🤖 Keep the insights flowing!
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Will the black scenarios of the futurological visions known from scence fiction films, in which autonomous robots equipped with artificial intelligence will be able to reproduce and self-improve, come true in the future?
The theoretical basis for the concept of the essence of artificial intelligence has been developing since the 1960s. Since then, black scenarios of futurological visions, in which autonomous robots equipped with artificial intelligence will be able to reproduce themselves, self-improve, become independent of human control and become a threat to humans, have been created in literature and film of the genre of scence fiction. Nowadays, in the situation of dynamic development of artificial intelligence and robotics technologies, the above-mentioned considerations return to topicality.
In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:
Will the black scenarios of futurological visions known from scence fiction films, in which autonomous robots equipped with artificial intelligence will be able to reproduce and self-improve, come true in the future?
Will artificial intelligence-equipped autonomous robots that can reproduce and self-improve emerge in the future?
And what is your opinion about it?
What is your opinion on this topic?
Please answer,
I invite everyone to join the discussion,
Thank you very much,
Best regards,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
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While the future remains uncertain, it's essential to consider the potential of autonomous robots with AI. While they won't be popping out little robot babies any time soon, significant advancements are likely. Self-improvement is already evident in AI research, but let's hope they won't outsmart us entirely! As responsible developers, we must prioritize safety and ethics to avoid any "I, Robot" scenarios. Remember, the future is what we make it, so let's aim for a world where robots and humans coexist harmoniously – a future where even the Jetsons would envy our technological prowess!
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Compare the effectiveness of natural and artificial methods of soil carbon stabilization in mitigating climate change.
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Natural methods of soil carbon stabilization, such as promoting the growth of perennial plants and encouraging diverse plant species, can have long-term benefits in terms of carbon sequestration. Artificial methods, such as carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies, have the potential to rapidly capture and store carbon, but their scalability and long-term viability are still being researched and developed.
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looking for a method for detection the artificial coloring agent in honey sample?
like E133, E102, E120 ....
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Role of AI
Importance
Structure
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@all Artificial intelligence (AI) is playing a significant role in enhancing and optimizing various aspects of fisheries and aquaculture. Here are some key areas where AI is making an impact:
  1. Data analysis and prediction: AI algorithms can analyze large volumes of data collected from sensors, satellites, and other sources to provide valuable insights. It can help in predicting fish behavior, optimizing feeding strategies, identifying optimal harvest times, and predicting disease outbreaks.
  2. Stock assessment and monitoring: AI can analyze data on fish populations, including size, age, and abundance, to assess stock health. This information helps fisheries managers make informed decisions about catch limits, conservation efforts, and sustainable fishing practices.
  3. Aquaculture management: AI can assist in optimizing aquaculture operations by monitoring water quality parameters, such as temperature, pH, and oxygen levels, in real-time. It can also analyze feeding patterns, growth rates, and environmental conditions to improve feed efficiency and reduce waste.
  4. Disease detection and prevention: AI algorithms can analyze data from various sources, including images, videos, and sensor data, to identify signs of disease or stress in fish. Early detection can lead to timely interventions, reducing the spread of diseases and minimizing losses.
  5. Automated image recognition: AI-powered image recognition technology can automate the identification and classification of fish species, which is crucial for stock assessment, species management, and compliance with regulations.
  6. Autonomous systems: AI can enable the development of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for data collection, monitoring, and surveillance in fisheries and aquaculture. These systems can help in mapping habitats, monitoring fishing activities, and conducting surveys in remote or hazardous areas.
  7. Decision support systems: AI can provide decision support tools that integrate data from multiple sources and assist fisheries managers, policymakers, and aquaculture operators in making informed decisions. These systems can optimize resource allocation, improve sustainability, and enhance operational efficiency.
It's important to note that while AI brings numerous benefits, its implementation should be accompanied by appropriate data privacy, ethical considerations, and regulatory frameworks to ensure responsible and sustainable use in fisheries and aquaculture.
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Hello good time
Does anyone know what collection of live engineered insects exist in the world?
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As of my knowledge cutoff in September 2021, there were no widely known collections of live engineered insects in the world. While there have been scientific advancements in the field of synthetic biology and genetic engineering, the creation and maintenance of collections of engineered insects are not prevalent or publicly acknowledged. It is important to note that the landscape of scientific research and technological advancements can change rapidly, so there may have been developments in this area since then.
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Dear colleagues ,
As part of the submission of my scientific article to the journal 'Plant Science', I am on a search for a potential reviewer of my work.
To this end, I am pleased to invite you to give me, as soon as possible if it is possible of course, an opinion on my research work entitled "Model for prediction of the flowering stage in the common walnut Juglans regia L., with a view to intervention with artificial pollination".
Please find attached the abstract and keywords of the article. I wish you a happy reading.
Note : Your opinion is very important to me, it helps me to give more value to the work, because it will be added in the submission of the article.
Sincerely,
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Dear Ammaria, I would suggest you to select some of the Authors of papers you cited in your own manuscript. Supposedly, those Authors are working on closely related research field, and probably interested in your work as well.
Regards,
Peter
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Recently, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has transformed healthcare, including hemodialysis care. Do you believe that the future of hemodialysis treatment lies in artificial intelligence-driven technologies, which have the potential to significantly enhance patient outcomes and quality of life?
If yes, How and why?
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Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to revolutionize the field of healthcare, and hemodialysis treatment is no exception. AI can be used to enhance the quality of life for patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment in several ways.
First, AI can be used to optimize treatment parameters such as dialysis frequency, duration, and composition. By analyzing data from patient health records, laboratory test results, and other sources, AI algorithms can identify patterns and trends that can inform individualized treatment plans that are tailored to each patient's specific needs. This could potentially improve treatment outcomes and reduce the risk of complications associated with hemodialysis.
Second, AI can be used to monitor patients during treatment and detect any deviations from expected values. For example, AI algorithms can analyze patient vitals such as blood pressure, heart rate, and oxygen levels in real-time and alert healthcare professionals to any abnormalities. This could potentially allow for early intervention and prevent complications.
Third, AI can be used to develop predictive models that can forecast potential complications and inform preventive measures. For example, AI algorithms can analyze patient data and identify risk factors for infections or cardiovascular events, and healthcare professionals can use this information to take appropriate measures to prevent these complications from occurring.
Overall, while there are still challenges to be addressed, the use of AI-driven hemodialysis treatment has the potential to enhance the quality of life for patients and improve treatment outcomes.
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The goal of this project is to develop a better understanding of how AI and humans can effectively communicate with each other, and to develop tools and frameworks that can enhance this communication. By using taxonomic structures to classify the actions of questions that arise during interactions with AI, we can create a more comprehensive understanding of how these systems work and how they can be improved. This research has practical applications in a wide range of fields, including natural language processing, machine learning, and human-computer interaction.
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No one completely abandoned or will abandon taxonomy, but it should not be made the mainstay. And I would not use machine learning, but direct learning for such systems. That is, the way we teach children at school.
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Continuation of discussion of 2018 -see attached archive file:
(27) Agroglyphes - are they natural or of artificial origin_.pdf
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Do flowers exhibit sound of any frequency? Lightning has a sound which we can't create artificially. We can create current which is inaudible. What should or can be done to make the violet colour audible?
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Rumani Dey No, you cannot hear the sound of a visual thing such as a color. Color is experienced by the eyes by stimulating cone cells in the retina, whereas sound is perceived by the hearing by detecting pressure waves in the air.
Several flowering plants create noises, such as the rustling of leaves or the cracking of stems. These noises, however, are normally at very low frequencies and are not discernible to the human ear.
Thunder is produced by lightning as a result of the fast heating and cooling of the air near the lightning bolt. Thunder can be heard by people, but its frequency varies from 20 Hz to 20 kHz, which is within human hearing range.
It is not feasible to make the hue violet audible because colors and sound are separate types of inputs processed by various sensory organs in the body.
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The force is equal to minus gradient of the potential, therefore, minus gradient of the potential is equal to the acceleration.
Keywords: mobile robot, path planning, artificial potential fields method
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Wahid Guettaf Glad to help!
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Illustrate please
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  • Yes. For salinity trials I worked always with saltwater aquarium salt instead of seawater. I did this to get a more uniform salt water product.
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If it is, it could be used to glue broken bones or it could be used to replace some of the surgeries like SI joint fusion.
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Yes, there are several types of bone glue or bone cement that are used in orthopedic surgery to repair and stabilize broken bones or to replace damaged joints. These materials are typically made of a mixture of polymers, such as methyl methacrylate (MMA) and/or calcium phosphate, which can be injected into the bone to provide support and stability.
Bone glue or cement is commonly used in joint replacement surgeries, such as hip and knee replacements, to attach the artificial joint to the bone. It can also be used in other types of orthopedic surgeries, such as spinal fusion, to help stabilize the bones and promote healing.
However, it is important to note that the use of bone glue or cement is not suitable for all types of fractures or injuries. The decision to use bone glue or cement is based on the type and severity of the injury, as well as other individual factors such as age and overall health. It is important to consult with a qualified orthopedic surgeon to determine if bone glue or cement is appropriate for your particular case.
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What does "subjectivity" mean in terms of the human mind and the artificial mind?
Can the components of "subjectivity" be distinguished?
Is it possible to create an artificial Mind without achieving the phenomenon of "subjectivity"?
"Ignorance" and "religion" are integral parts of "subjectivity"?
What should be the model for "subjectivity"?
AGI is possible without the phenomenon of "subjectivity"?
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Dear R. R. Poznansky,
Could you clarify your answer...
Does semantic information take into account the "deep unconscious" and "freedom of the Mind" (all "black" thoughts)?
How do you formally interpret the "Soul" phenomenon?
Sincerely,
Yurii
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And what exactly are artificial intelligence (AI) and artificial stupidity (AS)?
How do they differ from natural ones?
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As we use AI in our daily human activities more than ever before, it’s fair to say that we keep on giving a greater portion of responsibility to these so called intelligent algorithmic computer programs. But stripping away responsibilities from the human and giving them to AI, are we actually ready for that? And perhaps more importantly, is AI ready for that? Because who is responsible when AI crashes your self-driving Tesla? Who should take the blame when AI algorithms are inherently biased, as was the case during the Dutch childcare benefits scandal? And what should we do when AI software inflates the cost of Uber fares, which is exactly what happened after the  London terrorist attacks in 2017?
Regards,
Shafagat
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What are the differences between a set of artificial neurons of an ANNs being correlated with a certain feature and a human person's creating a concept, neural pattern of which is correlated with the use of this concept? Do you think that they are functionally equvalent or similar enough to support the idea that AGI is possible with the current algorithms?
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I believe that a person does not think with the help of the brain. The brain is nothing more than an intelligent controller or interface between a person's physical body and his Soul. An artificial neural network can be similar to a person in the aspect you are asking about only if an interface is created between the artificial neural network and the Soul.
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There is a big difference between natural intelligence and artificial intelligence. Natural intelligence is something we are born with and is based on our genetic makeup. Artificial intelligence is something that is created by humans and is based on algorithms and software.
source:
1) What Is The Difference Between Artificial And Natural Intelligence – Surfactants
2) The Third Millennium AI-Driven Humanoid Robots-SwissCognitive
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The simple difference is that human beings use their brain, ability to think, memory, while AI machines depend on the data given to them. As we all know that humans learn from past mistakes and intelligent ideas and intelligent attitudes lie at the basis of human intelligence.
While AI researchers are trying to replicate our mental functions, many people are scared that AI will replace them. Hundreds of jobs such as drivers, radiologists and cashiers are facing substitution with machines in the next 5 years. Who’s next? To get a better idea what is coming we need a better understanding in which domains AI is stronger than humans and vice-versa.
Regards,
Shafagat
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I am looking for the growth rate of the various parts of the strangler fig under best conditions including artificial irrigation with nutrient solution and a spot without shade. Location is GOA
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thanks, but wow - that was not at all an answer to my question. I am surprised. I`m not here to get copy pasted Wiki paragraphs. I know a lot of students even do that for their thesis, but I need specific, scientific information of a respective expert in this field.
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Support and guidance is required in probability elicitation of the child nodes in expert driven bayesian network using GeNIe software.
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Genie (Graphical network interface) is a software tool developed at the University of Pittsburgh for Microsoft Windows and available free of charge at Genie. It is useful for decision analysis and for graphically representing the union of probability and networked occurrences. Particularly, Genie can be used for the analysis of Bayesian networks, or directed acylic graphs (i.e. occurrences in a web of happenings are conditionally independent of each other). Bayesian networks or Dynamic Bayesian Networks (DBNs) are relevant to engineering controls because modelling a process using a DBN allows for the inclusion of noisy data and uncertainty measures; they can be effectively used to predict the probabilities of related outcomes in a system. In Bayesian networks, the addition of more nodes and inferences greatly increases the complexity of the calculations involved and Genie allows for the analysis of these complicated systems. Additionally, the graphical interface facilitates visual understanding of the network (Charniak, 1991).
Regards,
Shafagat
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So... I need to clarify: I’m not an engineer or a university student.
I was trying to read a myriad of different papers in an attempt of finding a way of calculating how much force, pressure and dimensions I should make McKibben Artificial muscles.
But as you can guess, my level of expertise didn’t help and I couldn’t really grasp the equations and evaluations needed to make conceptualise the artificial muscles
I intend to make a 5 ton hydraulic McKibben muscle, but I don’t know the dimensions I should make it. I do not have the materials, so I was trying to find a simplified way of guessing the general numbers (dimensions, pressure, force) required for it.
I tried using the basic “triangle equation” for Force, Pressure or Area. "F = P x A" or "A = F ÷ P", but this formula is meant to be used for solid hydraulic cylinders, not artificial muscles.
But I tried to calculate the surface area of a solid cylinder with the same dimensions of the muscle. With 30 cm of length, 5 cm of radius, which would have a surface area of 170.3 in² (1099cm²).
F = P x A
And the result was 10200 pounds (4626,6422 kg).
However, this equation is meant to be for the surface of a hydraulic piston, but the surface input was the entire membrane. So I’m assuming that is the force applied to the membrane, how much of that force would be translated into linear action?
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Dear Ananias Neto!
This information should help You decide sizes of apparatus and pressure.
Best regards, Vladislav Nikitin.
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Hi all,
I am a practioner in LCA, and I am thinking how methodologies from data science, as for example data mining, machine learning, and artificial inteligence can be used in uncertainty analysis.
One possibility involves the development of simplified LCA models, based on the data, but that depends on the training datra. Does anyone have any otherr ideas?
Regards,
António Martins
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Aryan, thanks for the reference to the article