Applied Analysis - Science topic

Please get it.

Your explanation or the dataset sounds that it will be suitable for a two-way ANOVA. Other things being fine

If you want to 'flag' individuals by some data-driven approach, possibly making a cluster tree would be helpful, and you can visually compare if the cluster tree flags the observations you were anticipating. This can help avoid simpson's paradox and such

Each water has a capacity to dissolve any solute. After reaching such level, the water is saturated. Thus, it is not surprizing to see high TDS water has lower capacity to dissolve NaCl, compared low TDS one

Dear Zmour,

It can be better in term of diffusion convection reaction. My opinion is little different, the least-squares method has better control of the streamline derivative than the SUPG.

Ashish

Dear Daniyal Ahmed just in case that this question is still of interest to you: The article cited below contains a detailed description of how to make oleum in the laboratory:

Personally I would suggest to buy oleum from commercial sources as it is an industrial product manufactured on a large scale.

Thank you very much Dr. Abdelkader Mohamed Abdelkader Elsayed and Dr., Rashid Nasrolahpour ! I greatly appreciate that!

Thank you Dr. !!

checkout - DotSpatial.Data.Rasters.GdalExtension @ https://github.com/DotSpatial/DotSpatial/blob/master/Source/DotSpatial.Data.Rasters.GdalExtension/GdalRasterProvider.cs

There is code to read tiff files and create a raster object out of it

Prof Jordan Peterson, who is also an active member of Researchgate.

I do not agree with Jeremie Yabou that indexation blocks young researchers. The best scientific journals do not segregate against them, on the contrary.

I am also wonder which is the best method to analyze the dietary pattern if not for Factor analysis. Do you have any recommendation or paper I should reference?

Thank you very much Dr. Konstantin Kudryavzev !!

The answer is a little long and complicated, I recommend you read about

entropy solution, normalized solution and weak solution for a nonlinear parabolic equation in a paper by clicking the following link:

Can you select arc length method in ABAQUS?

All the answers are great

Thank you Dr. Kaveh Zamani very much for your answer!! I greatly appreciate it!!

Search by the elements of real analysis by Bartle and Sherbert.

(For its first edition )

Dear Narasim Ramesh!

Look e.g. at chirp of sweep sine

f(x)=sin(a x^2/2+bx)

It has pretty Fourier image which modulus approximately flat in the [aX+b,b] range, where X is maximum coordinate.

Sincerely,

Daniil D. Stupin

found Nvivo very useful and used it to create a thematic analysis of semi-structured interview data. I then created a thematic template. See Nigel King's work in this area.

Trahan, M. A., Kahng, S., Fisher, A. B., & Hausman, N. L. (2011). BEHAVIOR-ANALYTIC RESEARCH ON DEMENTIA IN OLDER ADULTS. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 44(3), 687–691

you can find more literature in behavioral gerontology special interest group website

If you don't already have a model in mind, then you should start with exploratory factor analysis. If this produces a sensible factor structure, it then validated with confirmatory factor analysis, which uses structural equation modeling.

In the same paper, please refer Example 10. It is proved that C5 holds and C2 holds, but C1 does not hold

Hello, Narasim!

I'm not a physic but I also had a chilling feeling while listening to this news. The first thing I realized that this was the event that A. Einstein predicted about 100 years ago by theoretical background and, lastly, it was proved practically last week. For deep understanding, I dug up to some resources, mostly popular, and found my favorites:

The main prospective from it, in my point of view (that based on my survey), is an appearance of drastically new technique to investigate time and space and something else. Some compare it "to a deaf person suddenly gaining the ability to hear sound. An entirely new realm of information is now available.".

For me. the best striking strings about gravitational waves are the next:

"When asked to comment on LIGO's impact on the world beyond the scientific community, and about how gravitational-wave science might influence people's daily lives, Reitze simply said, "Who knows?"

"When Einstein predicted general relativity, who would have predicted that we'd use it every day when we use our cellphones?" he said. (General relativity provides an understanding how gravity influences the passing of time, and this information is necessary for GPS technology, which uses satellites that orbit further away from the gravitational pull of the Earth than people on the surface)."

Anyway, such a breakthrough gives all scientists much anticipations and hopes for their work (in any field of interests) and also is promoting science as the whole to a wide range of society. 

Best regards.

Lots of people just plot a projection of the trajectory in some 2-D space, and if it looks scrambled, they declare that the system is chaotic, and they are usually correct. However, if you do this, iterate the equations for quite a while before you begin plotting the results since chaotic transients are quite common for systems that eventually attract to a limit cycle or stable equilibrium point. If you plan to publish your claim of chaos in a reputable journal, you really need to show that the largest Lyapunov exponent is positive and statistically significant.

'Ecological Methods' by Southwood and Henderson (3rd Edition) is also a really good resource for the maths background on these studies. 

I do not believe that the same principle from linear regression applies to negative binomial regression. The R² term in linear regression captures how much of the variation in the outcome was explained by the model whereas R² (often refered to as pseduo-R²) in negative binomial regression (and generalized linear models in general) usually captures an improvement in fit above the null model. 

Another possibility to consider with count data is whether there are excess zero values in the distribution of your outcome variable which may require a zero-inflated negative binomial model. A 2013 paper by Perumean-Chaney, Morgan, McDowall, & Aban in the Journal of Statistical Computation and Simulation showed that not accounting for excess zeroes increased Type-II errors (truly significant predictors are not identified as significant by the model). You could you Vuong's test to see if your data may be better suited for a zero-inflated model (I believe this is built into Stata and a few R packages like pscl but not SPSS or SAS, but I may be mistaken). 

You can apply both multivariate and univariate statistical methods. Multivariate methods such as NMDS will allow you to group study sites according to their similarities in species composition/abundance. If you have a specific hypothesis to test, you can draw univariate information from your species matrix (such as species diversity, or species richness, or evenness) and then test your hypothesis with an univariate repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). However, there are assumptions (such as distribution normality and variance homogeneity) that must be met for ANOVA use, and in case you do not meet these assumptions, many authors would recommend the use of non-parametric equivalents to ANOVA (such as Kruskal-Wallis test). If you intend to use univariate tests, I would strongly recommend you read the book "Experiments in ecology: their logical design and interpretation using analysis of variance", from A.J. Underwood, published in 1999 by Cambridge University Press. For multivariate analyses, the software Primer (http://www.primer-e.com/) is a must. All the best! 

AHP is a method for multicriteria decision making that help decision makers to select a choice between alternatives.

Fuzzy logic is an approach that deals with unceratin data  and imprecious knowledge.

When decision makers needs to take a decision in uncertainty circumstances , they can use Fuzzy AHP.