Antibiotics - Science topic

Cat scratch disease, first described in France in the 1930s, is a benign infectious disease with often atypical presentation. Its clinical symptoms and radiologic features can overlap with those of a sarcoma. Here we present the case of a 12-year-old female with cat-scratch disease that was initially misdiagnosed as a soft tissue sarcoma of the elb...

Klebsiella pneumoniae é comumente associada às Infecções Relacionadas à Assistência à Saúde (IRAS) devido ao seu potencial de resistência aos agentes antimicrobianos e a gravidade dos quadros de infecções à que estão relacionadas. Em ambientes hospitalares, a presença de linhagens de K. pneumoniae resistentes aos carbapenêmicos causa grande preocup...

Antibiotic resistance (ABR) is a growing global health threat, with severe implications for developing countries like Bangladesh. This article explores the alarming rise of antibiotic-resistant infections, the primary causes behind the phenomenon, and its impact on public health. Studies from Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) and...

A cárie dentária é uma doença associada à desnutrição, e as crianças são mais suscetíveis devido aos alimentos que comem na escola, assim, a lancheira poderia prever as cáries. Além disso, a HMI está associada a doenças maternas e infantis; Em graus moderados, distinguem-se porosidades que causam hipersensibilidade que leva à má higiene bucal, acum...

This case highlights the successful management of a 52‐year‐old male with poorly controlled diabetes and Charcot neuroarthropathy. Early diagnosis and a holistic treatment plan, including antibiotics, vitamins, and local interventions, improved the patient's condition, preventing amputation. Emphasis on glycemic control and patient education is cri...

A novel lytic phage with a broad host range was isolated from pig faeces and the complete genome was subsequently sequenced. The phage was found to lyse Staphylococcus hyicus, S. pseudintermedius, S. schleiferi and S. warneri, generating approximately 27 PFU per infected S. hyicus cell. The phage has an isometric head of 42 ± 2 nm in diameter and a...

Peptide release factor II (RF2) catalyzes the release of the nascent polypeptide from the bacterial ribosomal complex during translation termination and a subset of ribosome rescue pathways. Despite its critical role, the mechanisms that govern RF2 function and regulation remain elusive. Here, using single-molecule fluorescence energy transfer (smF...

The inhibition of two natural antibiotics (thiolactomycin and cerulenin) of de novo fatty acid biosynthesis in isolated chloroplasts was compared with that of two graminicides (cycloxydim and diclofop). The antibiotics affect the fatty acid synthetase and the graminicides inhibit the acetyl CoA-carboxylase. The differential I50-values are indicated...

Chronic rhinosinusitis is a major ENT disease that makes daily life uncomfortable. Symptoms of chronic rhinosinusitis often include nasal congestion, purulent rhinorrhea, postnasal drip, and olfactory impairment. If symptoms persist, medical treatment, which is a reversible method, or surgical treatment, which is an irreversible method that structu...

Hepatic abscess from gastric foreign body perforation is a condition considered rare. Here we describe the case of a middle-aged man hospitalized for fever, which at the end of the investigations was due to the presence of a foreign body liver abscess. The radiological examination with computed tomography was conclusive. Despite antibiotic therapy,...

Bacteriophage (phage) therapy is emerging as a promising alternative to traditional antibiotics for treating drug-resistant mycobacterial infections, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) and non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) [...]

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have garnered considerable attention due to their reduced likelihood of inducing resistance in pathogens compared to traditional antibiotics, which has spurred the interest in de novo design of AMPs. Despite the availability of various methods, accurately generating AMPs and predicting their inhibitory effects remains...

Antibiotic resistance is a rising problem and new and sustainable strategies to combat bacterial (intestinal) infections are therefore urgently needed. One promising strategy under intense investigation is the inhibition of quorum sensing, bacterial cell-to-cell communication with small molecules. A key question with respect to the application of q...

In the original publication [...]

Background This study compared patient characteristics, clinical outcomes, and antibiotic durations between patients undergoing posterior fixation for gram-negative rods (GNR) or gram-positive cocci (GPC) thoracolumbar pyogenic spondylitis. Methods In this multicenter retrospective cohort study, 53 patients who underwent minimally invasive posteri...

Heteroresistance is a form of antibiotic resistance in which a phenotypically unstable subpopulation of resistant cells exists within a majority population of susceptible cells. The impact of the extracellular environment on mechanisms of heteroresistance is unclear. Studying fosfomycin heteroresistance in an Enterobacter cloacae complex isolate, w...

The whole is greater than the sum of its parts: effect of implementing an ABS consultation service in the ABS program on antibiotic consumption at a tertiary military hospital Mehr als die Summe seiner Teile: Effekt der Implementierung eines ABS-Konsilservices in das ABS-Programm auf den Antibiotikaverbrauch an einem Militärkrankenhaus der Schwerpu...

Recurrent meningitis, although rare, poses a significant clinical challenge due to its potential for severe complications and profound impact on patient quality of life. This case report details a 33-year-old male with a family history of meningitis who presented with recurrent bacterial meningitis. Initial diagnostic evaluations, including CT and...

The process by which bacteria adapt to withstand the antibiotics that were once used to treat them is termed as antibiotic resistance. It happens when bacteria transform in a way that makes it impossible for antibiotics to kill them or limit their growth. The Bacteria are efficient in adapting to their changing surroundings and therefore this makes...

The emergence and widespread development of drug‐resistant bacteria pose significant challenges to global public health. Methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the most typical multidrug‐resistant bacteria, capable of causing life‐threatening diseases and exhibiting insensitivity to multiple antibiotics. Therefore, the develop...

Zusammenfassung Multiresistente Erreger sind eine zunehmende Herausforderung für das Gesundheitswesen und erschweren die medizinische Behandlung betroffener Kinder und Jugendlicher. Ein Verständnis der Resistenzmechanismen, ein fundiertes Wissen über die Häufigkeit einzelner multiresistenter Erreger, Möglichkeiten des Nachweises und der gezielten a...

Objective To investigate the use of antimicrobials during the perioperative period of minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting (MICS CABG) and traditional open-heart bypass grafting. We aimed to determine whether the duration of perioperative antibiotic use and infection rate is significantly different between different surgical methods....

Antibiotic resistance in soil bacteria without using antibiotics: a latest study published in CELL BIOLOGY. [done by the researchers at Indian Institute of Science; Kiel University, Germany] explained in brief by me. https://youtu.be/Qz5-_8dDX5Q?si=Dao1CMP12EkDOZyF

Introduction and Objective Appendicitis is one of the most common surgical conditions in both children and adults.There are numerous diagnostic tools available, as well as a variety of treatment options,including both pharmacological and surgical methods. This summary focuses on the currentknowledge regarding the disease, its diagnosis and treatmen...

It is how to memorize and remember the classification of antibiotics. It is designed to help the students reading these topics in a plane and understandable phrases.

Comment on Gross et al. Guided Plasma Application in Dentistry—An Alternative to Antibiotic Therapy. Antibiotics 2024, 13, 735

Objectives: This study aims to assess pharmacists’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding over-the-counter antimicrobial use and antimicrobial resistance. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study using a self-administered questionnaire for pharmacists in Sana’a city, Yemen. Results: An arithmetic mean of 2.5 and a standard d...

A resistência antimicrobiana na pediatria representa um grave desafio para o tratamento de infecções em crianças, resultando em aumento da morbidade, mortalidade e custos hospitalares. O uso excessivo e inadequado de antibióticos, especialmente no tratamento de infecções virais, é um dos principais fatores que contribuem para esse problema. Este es...

La endometritis puerperal es una infección común que afecta a las mujeres tras el parto, siendo más frecuente en cesáreas, constituye un problema de salud pública debido a sus repercusiones en la mortalidad materna con un 17%. Estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal, cuyo objetivo fue identificar los factores relacionados con las inf...

The management of prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) poses significant challenges, requiring a multidisciplinary approach involving surgical, microbiological, and pharmacological expertise. Suppressive antibiotic therapy (SAT) has emerged as a viable option in cases where curative interventions are deemed unfeasible. This review provides an updated...

It is widely known that faster-growing bacterial cells are more susceptible to many antibiotics. Given this notion, it appears intuitive that antibiotic treatment would enrich slower-growing cells in a clonal population or slower-growing populations in a microbial community, which has been commonly observed. However, experimental observations also...

Farming activities contribute to soil antibiotic pollution, posing health risks for rural farm workers, especially on small farms in impoverished regions. The effectiveness of large farms in reducing poverty-induced soil antibiotic exposure risk (SABER) remains uncertain. Here we integrate global datasets on concentration of soil antibiotics, rural...

O estudo avaliou o impacto de auditorias sistemáticas na prevenção de infecções hospitalares relacionadas a procedimentos neurocirúrgicos, com foco na derivação ventricular externa (DVE) e na pressão intracraniana (PIC), entre 2023 e 2024 no Hospital Pelópidas Silveira. As intervenções incluíram ações educativas, monitoramento rigoroso de práticas,...

A cirurgia robótica emergiu como uma das principais inovações nas últimas décadas, proporcionando maior precisão, menor trauma tecidual e menores taxas de complicações pós-operatórias. No entanto, a questão do uso profilático de antibióticos nesses procedimentos permanece em debate. Este artigo revisa criticamente a literatura disponível sobre a ne...

The ATTACK clinical trial for treatment of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii-calcoaceticus complex (CRAB) isolates determined treatment with sulbactam-durlobactam to be efficacious and safe. However, other newly introduced β-lactam antibiotics, including the novel cephalosporin cefiderocol, have been compromised upon clinical introductio...

As infecções pós-operatórias (IPOs) representam uma das complicações mais frequentes e desafiadoras no cenário cirúrgico, com impactos significativos na morbimortalidade, custos hospitalares e qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Em cirurgias abdominais, onde a exposição a microrganismos da flora intestinal é uma constante, o risco de infecções é parti...

A cicatrização de feridas complexas representa um desafio significativo na prática clínica, especialmente em pacientes com diabetes, úlceras venosas e queimaduras extensas. O Plasma Rico em Plaquetas (PRP) tem emergido como uma alternativa terapêutica promissora devido ao seu potencial regenerativo, mediado pela liberação de fatores de crescimento...

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo compreender a situação atual e os problemas causados pela resistência bacteriana a antibióticos, além de explorar seus mecanismos e as estratégias de controle. A metodologia adotada consistiu em uma revisão sistemática abrangendo o recorte temporal de 15 anos (2009-2024). Os dados foram coletados nas bases de...

Pneumonia is a very frequent problem for old frail patients due to diffusion, mortality, and other negative outcomes. The most complex aspects consist of the formulation of a diagnosis and the choice of an adequate treatment. In this context, optimal management requires the correct definition of the category and the most probable etiology involved...

Introducción: Al menos el 30 % de todos los antibióticos recetados a pacientes ambulatorios son innecesarios y entre el 30-50% de los recetados a nivel hospitalario en México. En el 2015 la OMS implementa la Lucha contra la Resistencia Antimicrobiana (RAM) y en 2016 publican un plan de acción contra RAM, siendo España de los países participantes. L...

The treatment of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia bloodstream infections (BSI) remains challenging due to the organism's intrinsic multidrug resistance and the potential side effects of commonly used first-line antibiotics. Here, we describe four cases of S. maltophilia BSI treated with cefiderocol (≥ 72 h) in different Italian hospitals. Additionally,...

Data are lacking to guide management of asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) in elderly patients with a fall. Comparing treated versus non-treated patients, we identified clear harm and no benefit from antibiotic treatment. Our data support IDSA recommendations to withhold antibiotics in elderly patients with ASB and evaluate alternative causes of falls.

Background/Objectives: Assessing antibiotic MICs at high bacterial counts is likely to disclose hidden bacterial resistance and the inoculum effect if present and therefore also reveal potential decreased antibiotic effectiveness. In the current study, we evaluated the predictive potential of MICs determined at high bacterial inocula to evaluate me...

To improve the prognosis of DNM, early and appropriate surgical debridement of affected areas, along with targeted antibiotics and/or antifungals, is essential. A multidisciplinar approach involving Cardiothoracic Surgery and Otolaryngology is indispensable for the treatment of this condition.

Short-course antibiotic therapies for common infections treated in hospital are supported by national guidelines. Hospital clinicians’ knowledge of the course length recommendations for the management of common infections has not been fully explored. This study aims to assess doctors’ knowledge of and explores their opportunity and motivation for p...

Background: Prompt administration of optimal antibiotic therapy is essential in the management of bacteraemia to reduce morbidity and mortality and to facilitate antibiotic stewardship. To identify the most effective therapy, rapid and accurate antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) is essential. ASTar is an automated AST system that delivers m...

The rapid spread of metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) producing clinical pathogens is a matter of great concern. The presence of MBL in hospitals poses more threat for public health as MBL positive isolates show resistance to most of the antibiotics. The current study was carried out to determine the prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and...

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in aquaculture poses a severe threat to human health and carries significant zoonotic implications. The frequent application of antimicrobials, particularly antibiotics, has led to a noticeable prevalence of multidrug resistance. The absence of reliable drugs and precise preventive measures complicates the task of ave...

The increasing number of bacteria that are resistant to antibiotics poses a major challenge to public health. Therefore, research into new treatment methods is essential to overcome these challenges. Phage treatment is a promising technique to increase the efficacy of antimicrobials against resistant microbes. This review documents the ability of b...

The development and widespread use of extended-release formulations antibiotics, while promising certain therapeutic advantages, remain relatively limited in clinical practice. Extendedrelease drug designed to delivery release systems are the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) over a prolonged period, offering patients the benefit of reduced do...

Introducción : La faringitis aguda es una inflamación de la orofaringe, principalmente viral. Solo el 5% al 15% de los adultos y el 20% al 30% de los niños con dolor de garganta puede ser bacteriano . Afecta más a personas de 3 a 40 años, especialmente entre 5 y 24 años. Los síntomas incluyen dolor de garganta, dificultad para tragar, fiebre y male...

A mastite clínica é uma doença significativa na pecuária leiteira, caracterizada pela inflamação da glândula mamária, geralmente causada por microrganismos patogênicos contagiosos. Essa condição compromete a qualidade do leite e pode acarretar grandes perdas econômicas aos produtores. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a incidência de mastite...

A 34 yrs old female complaining of mild otalgia with discharge and deafness at right sided ear, since last 7 days and this is her 3rd recurrence in last 4 months intermittently, taking the treatment for the same complaints with systemic and local antibiotics,and also given a history of tympanoplasty one yr ago. She was diagnosed as Putikarna throug...

Gıdanın bozulma sürecinde etkili olan pek çok mikroorganizma arasında yer alabilen patojen bakteriler, gıda üretimi ve güvenliği açısından kontrol altında tutulması gereken kritik unsurlardır. Gıda kaynaklı patojen bakteriler akut, kronik ve ölümcül hastalıklara yol açabilir. Antimikrobiyal ajanlar, mikroorganizmaların hem çoğalmasını hem de hayatt...

Las infecciones del tracto urinario (ITU) representan un problema de salud global y son una de las principales razones de consulta médica. El estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar la prevalencia de los agentes etiológicos responsables de las ITUs y analizar sus mecanismos de resistencia. Se realizó un estudio no experimental, descriptivo, retrospe...

A sepse neonatal é uma infecção grave em recém-nascidos, que desencadeia resposta inflamatória exagerada, sendo causa de morbimortalidade. Um fator de risco significativo é a colonização por estreptococos do grupo B durante a gravidez, indicando antibioticoterapia intraparto profilática. Portanto, investigar infecções na gestação é crucial, dada a...

Los betalactámicos son antibióticos hidrofílicos cuya farmacocinética se altera significativamente en pacientes con shock séptico debido a cambios fisiopatológicos, como el aumento del volumen de distribución y el aclaramiento renal. Estas alteraciones pueden resultar en concentraciones plasmáticas subterapéuticas, elevando el riesgo de fracaso ter...

Intramuscular injections, while effective, can lead to complications such as gluteal abscesses. This case study discusses a 50-year-old diabetic patient who developed an abscess following an injection. Diagnosis and treatment through surgical drainage and antibiotics were essential for recovery. Early intervention is crucial to prevent further comp...

Background Aminoglycoside antibiotics continue to play an indispensable role in clinical antibacterial agents. However, the protection and deprotection procedures in the chemical pathways of semi-synthetic antibiotics are long, atom- and step-inefficient, which severely hampers the development of novel AGs. Results Here, GenB3 and GenB4 are employ...

The work reports on the degradation of isoniazid drug by using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/polyethylene glycol (PEG) with MWCNTs and V2C (MXene) as the nanocomposite materials. Using different ratios of vanadium carbide, the nano composites (MWCNTs@V2C) were created by sonication. 0.4 g of PEG and 1.6 g of PVA were sonicated in 20 mL of DMF together wi...

Pneumonia remains a leading cause of mortality internationally, making it an intense area of study for new tools for diagnosis and treatment. In this review, we evaluate the potential of recently emerging syndromic panels in promoting rapid diagnosis and improved antibiotic stewardship. We will also examine emerging treatments, including new antibi...

A Endocardite Infecciosa (EI) continua a ser um grave problema de saúde pública, devido a sua elevada morbimortalidade. O seu gerenciamento clínico é geralmente dependente de estudos observacionais, pela escassez de ensaios clínicos randomizados bem conduzidos. Objetivo: Destacar os aspectos da fisiopatologia, diagnóstico, prevenção e as novas atua...

Bloodstream infections (BSIs) annually claim millions of lives, contributing to one‐third of global mortality. Mortality rates predominantly depend on the duration between symptom onset and the administration of appropriate antibiotics. Clinical protocols for identifying pathogens typically take a 2–5 day wait for blood culture, due to the limited...

Disposal of antibiotics and antimicrobial-resistant enteric bacteria (ARB) into water from various sources is responsible for maintaining ARB in the environment. Relative prevalence and circulation of ARB may vary across water sources.We hypothesized that these ARBs with different resistance genes are distributed in various freshwater sources and a...

Bacterial bloodstream infections, including peripherally‐inserted‐central‐venous‐catheter‐related‐bloodstream‐infection (PICCR‐BSI), are common in febrile neutropenic cancer patients. Raoultella planticola, a rare gram‐negative bacterium, can cause multi‐organ infections, especially in immunocompromised individuals. Early detection and appropriate...

Este estudo analisou o perfil epidemiológico e medicamentoso das internações por pneumonia pediátrica em um Hospital Universitário, localizado no Alto Sertão Paraibano, durante o período de janeiro de 2019 a dezembro de 2022. Foram avaliados 296 pacientes, dos quais 56,1% eram do sexo masculino, com média de idade de 2,45 anos. A maior parte dos pa...

Pathogen identification is key to the management of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). Staphylococcus epidermidis is a major cause of PJI. Differentiating between invasive and contaminating S. epidermidis from joint specimens is challenging, and usually S. epidermidis is only considered a true invasive isolate when grown from two or more indepen...

The purpose of this study was to detect in the communes of the city of Kolwezi, the elementsof transmission of zoonotic diseases, it is appropriate to note the low supply of veterinaryservices and the poor management of animals, their excrement, and their corpse. and misuseof antibiotics during the process of raising or treating animals. Although a...

La pustulosis exantematosa generalizada aguda (PEGA) es una patología dermatológica poco frecuente, caracterizada por la aparición súbita de lesiones cutáneas en forma de pústulas múltiples, puntiformes y estériles, sobre un fondo eritematoso edematoso. Por lo general, se ha asociado a múltiples fármacos, entre ellos la exposición a ciertos antibió...

Antimicrobial resistance is a major public health threat, due to the emergence of new bacterial strains not responding to classical antibiotics. This review focuses on the use of transition metal cross‐coupling strategies used to access new β‐lactam derivatives, the most well‐known and commonly used antibiotics. This manuscript covers the seminal s...

Antibiotic therapy relies on understanding both pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD), which respectively address drug absorption, distribution, and elimination, and the relationship between drug concentration and antimicrobial efficacy. This review synthesizes decades of research, drawing from in-vitro studies, in-vivo models, and clinic...

In the original publication [...]

O uso inadequado de antibióticos na população pediátrica tem sido um problema recorrente, impulsionado pela prescrição excessiva para infecções virais e pela falta de critérios diagnósticos bem definidos em alguns contextos clínicos. A exposição precoce e desnecessária a esses fármacos pode comprometer o equilíbrio da microbiota intestinal, predisp...

The drastic increase in the emergence of methicillin and vancomycin resistant S. aureus has resulted in almost negligible treatment options available to tackle these drug‐resistant strains and therefore, search for newer antibiotics is essential. In this context, a new series of quaternized fused β‐carbolines was synthesized and evaluated for its a...

Mannose-containing glycopolymers display antibacterial properties even in the absence of antimicrobial moieties like cations or antibiotics.

The primary treatment for a penetrating brain injury is craniotomy because of the presence of a foreign body. Craniocerebral computed tomography is the main imaging method for this condition, and cranial reconstruction is an important basis for formulating relevant surgical protocols. It is necessary to use antibiotics to prevent infection after su...

A rosácea ocular é uma manifestação inflamatória crônica que acomete as estruturas oculares e perioculares. Embora seja mais frequentemente descrita em adultos, também pode ocorrer em crianças, muitas vezes subdiagnosticada devido à apresentação atípica e ao desconhecimento da condição nessa faixa etária. O manejo precoce é fundamental para evitar...