Anatomic Pathology - Science topic

Background Determination of chorionicity in twin pregnancies is essential for optimizing management. In South Africa, many women first access antenatal care at late gestations. The accuracy of ultrasound in the determination of chorionicity up to 14 weeks’ gestation is well documented. However, there is little data on determination of chorionicity...

(1) Background: Mopeia–Lassa reassortant ML29 virus is an investigational, reassortant virus vaccine for the prevention of Lassa fever caused by Lassa virus (LASV). (2) Methods: The vaccine virus ML29-SF was prepared in Vero cells using a serum-free culture medium under Good Manufacturing Practice. A 2-week repeat dose toxicity study was performed...

Introduction: Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) is common in cancer patients and is often caused by neoplastic involvement of the pleural surface. This study aimed to determine the utility of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectral analysis and anatomical pathological differentiation in MPE, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and lung ad...

Background Digital pathology (DP) has revolutionized cancer diagnostics and enabled the development of deep-learning (DL) models aimed at supporting pathologists in their daily work and improving patient care. However, the clinical adoption of such models remains challenging. Here, we describe a proof-of-concept framework that, leveraging Health Le...

Informal companion guide to our peer-reviewed paper entitled, “Uncovering Diaphragm Cramp in SIDS and Other Sudden Unexpected Deaths” (Diagnostics medical journal, Oct. 2024). Condensed and updated May 11, 2025, this contains the latest in our growing understanding of diaphragm dysfunction (fatigue, excitation, failure).** Topics discussed: hiccup...

Background: Pranvaha Srotas, the Ayurvedic channels governing Prana (life force), play a vital role in respiration, oxygenation, and energy metabolism. While classical texts describe these pathways in terms of doshas and physiological functions, modern medicine correlates them with the respiratory, cardiovascular, and nervous systems. This review s...

Digital pathology has rapidly evolved in the field of veterinary medicine. Although digital histology advancements are widely discussed, clinical pathology specimens are also being digitized for a variety of purposes. These digital images can be used for diagnostic evaluation, teaching, training, and research. With recent advancements in artificial...

The demand for grouper fish continues to increase, with the Ministry of Fisheries' annual production target of 9,000 tons. However, intensive cultivation systems pose risks due to poor water quality, making grouper fish susceptible to disease and health problems. This study investigated the impact of Trichodina sp. infection on the blood glucose le...

Nasal polyposis (NP), a chronic inflammatory disease of the upper respiratory tract, has a poorly understood pathophysiology and no etiological factors explaining its pathogenesis, but inflammation remains an important factor. Sestrins (SESNS), which are conserved antioxidant proteins that accumulate in cells in response to various stresses, regula...

Background: Total Prostate specific antigen (tPSA) is a substance secreted by the prostate gland. It levels vary depending on the condition of the prostate and typically increase in response to increased prostate volume, cancer, infection, urinary retention and others. Conversely, tPSA levels decrease following a reduction in prostate volume. Palli...

Infrared microscopy holds significant promise for label-free tissue imaging in anatomic pathology, offering rich biochemical contrast. However, current IR imaging technologies are often limited by slow acquisition speeds and poor spatial resolution imposed by diffraction. In this work, we introduce a fast, large-field bimodal imaging platform that...

Infrared microscopy holds significant promise for label-free tissue imaging in anatomic pathology, offering rich biochemical contrast. However, current IR imaging technologies are often limited by slow acquisition speeds and poor spatial resolution imposed by diffraction. In this work, we introduce a fast, large-field bimodal imaging platform that...

Background Chronic granulomatous lymphadenitis (CGL) is an inflammatory condition associated with lymphoproliferative lesions, infections, and autoimmune diseases. One of the etiologies of CGL is Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). According to WHO data in 2020, Indonesia still ranks third globally for TB cases. To ensure appropriate patients’ treatm...

Lung cancer patients in Indonesia exhibit a high prevalence of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations, with a substantial proportion attributed to rare or uncommon variants. The clinical significance of rare EGFR mutations lies in their differential sensitivity to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). While they are frequently resistant to...

Background Cutaneous melanocytic lesions have variety of subtypes ranging from benign (nevus) to malignant lesions (malignant melanoma). Differentiating benign and malignant melanocytic lesions is challening, particularly due to overlapping characteristics. This study was conducted to determine clinicopathological characteristics of cutaneous melan...

HIGHLIGHTS Ovarian cancer is a gynecological disease commonly encountered by women, and resistance to platinum therapy is a significant challenge in its management PAX8 and CD117 have shown potential as predictors of resistance in ovarian cancer. However, research on the expression of these biomarkers concerning platinum resistance in ovarian cance...

Between the 15th and 16th centuries, the medical school in Padua revolutionised the field of anatomy through a series of scientific discoveries and educational innovations, culminating in the construction of the world’s first stable anatomical theatre. This theatre was inaugurated in 1595 within Bo Palace by Hieronymus Fabricius (1533-1619). The an...

Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare endocrine malignancy with an estimated incidence of 0.7–2 cases per million/year. The rarity of this disease, coupled with limited preclinical models and clinical trials, has hindered progress, resulting in poor outcomes, with a 5-year survival rate of approximately 35%. Currently, the only available curativ...

Background: Prostate cancer is the second most common cause of death from cancers in elderly males. Gleason score has been used to evaluate patients with abnormal serum levels of prostate-specific antigen, and digital rectal examination. We assessed prostate cancer patients' Gleason scores and pathological findings. Method: A retrospective assessme...

Breast and cervical cancer constitute the two most prevalent cancer types globally, with a disproportionately high mortality rate among women. While cervical cancer ranks eighth in terms of incidence, it remains a significant public health concern. A common challenge is the community’s delay in seeking healthcare attributed to a dearth of informati...

Introduction: Odontomas are the most common of the odontogenic tumours in the jaws and are characterized by their slow growth, asymptomatically, non-aggressively, and reaching no more than 3cm in diameter. Odontomas generally consist of unerupted or impacted teeth and retained deciduous teeth. This case report presents a rare case of complex with a...

Background: Breast cancer has a high prevalence rate, with diagnosis often occurring at an advanced stage (stage III-IV), particularly in developing countries. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are a prognostic factor that can be assessed based on histopathological features in relation to response to therapy. Furthermore, histopathological grad...

It is necessary to increase understanding of breast cancer as an initial bridge to increase awareness and ultimately contribute to reducing incidence and mortality. Community service carried out by the Anatomic Pathology Department of FK UGJ was held at SMAN 1 Majalengka, attended by 58 class representatives. Starting with filling out a pretest, th...

Background/Objectives: Up to 30% of cervical dysplastic lesions are missed by colposcopy alone. We performed a comparative evaluation of the diagnostic capacity for identifying cervical dysplastic lesions between shear wave elastography (SWE) of the endocervix and exocervix, defined as SonoElastoColposcopy (SEC), and colposcopy. Methods: A prospect...

Background/Objectives: Digital and computational pathology (DP/CP) tools have the potential to improve the efficiency and accuracy of the anatomic pathology workflow; however, current adoption among US hospital and reference labs remains low. Methods: To better understand the current utilization of DP/CP technology and barriers to widespread adopti...

Colisepticemia is a condition where Escherichia coli and its toxins have spread to tissues or organs that can cause organ damage or inflammation. Colisepticemia is a sign of acute colibacillosis in poultry which can result in death and in its subacute form is characterized by pericarditis, airsacculitis and perihepatitis. The incidence of colibacil...

Background: The names that have been used for a system offering histopathology, cytopathology, and autopsy services vary and include anatomical pathology, histopathology, morbid anatomy, and pathology. In 2016, we recommended the label 'Anatomic Pathology' as the most appropriate name. This study aims to review the impact of our advocacy on the nom...

Hematological conditions can reflect the health status of fish. This study aimed to analyze the effect of adding different doses of pineapple peel flour to feed on clinical symptoms, anatomical pathology, survival rate, hematological parameters, and cellular immunity of Sangkuriang catfish after infection with Aeromonas hydrophila. The study was co...

Objective: Colorectal cancer is the third malignant tumor and the second cause of death in the world. There are several prognostic factors in colorectal adenocarcinoma, one of which is the TNM stage. The T stage is determined based on the depth of tumor invasion. Various proteins can be involved in the invasion process. EMMPRIN is expressed and fu...

Aims Patients of The Ottawa Hospital (TOH) are given immediate access to their pathology reports via an online patient portal. The purpose of this study was to determine how often patients accessed their reports, the sociodemographic and pathologic variables associated with access and the latency between sign out and access. Methods This retrospec...

Purpose To evaluate the effectiveness of C-LAB®, an artificial intelligence (AI) platform, in extracting, structuring, and centralizing biomarker data from breast cancer pathology reports within the challenging, heterogeneous dataset of the Institut de Cancérologie de l’Ouest (ICO). Methods C-LAB® was deployed at the ICO to analyze HER2 and hormon...

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is the third most common endocrine disorder, typically caused by a single parathyroid adenoma. The diagnosis of PHPT is biochemical, and the localization of abnormal parathyroid glands is usually achieved through a combination of ultrasound and technetium-99m sestamibi (99mTc-MIBI) scans. In some cases, newer imag...

Introduction Endometrial biopsies constitute a significant proportion of the work of pathologists. They are associated with a wide spectrum of diagnoses, including inflammatory, non-neoplastic, and neoplastic lesions. They are an invaluable procedure used by gynecologists in conjunction with pathologists to assess endometrial health. This study aim...

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a major global health challenge, with increasing prevalence, particularly in developing countries. CKD is characterized by a gradual and irreversible decline in kidney function, often progressing to End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). The pathophysiology of CKD involves structural and functional deterioration in various...

Introduction Sub-Saharan Africa bears a disproportionate burden of cancer-related morbidity and mortality compared with high-resource settings. Although pathology services are essential to providing optimal oncological care, diagnostic capacity in sub-Saharan Africa is insufficient for the cancer burden. This scoping review will be conducted to sum...

Artificial intelligence has found its way into virtually all human endeavours and the spectrum of engagement keeps enlarging. Art, finance, data analysis, automobile, cybersecurity, and healthcare have all benefitted from the enormous remodelling artificial intelligence has brought to those fields. Laboratory medicine is a branch of the medical pra...

Background Patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) who have ileal or any small bowel (SB) involvement are at increased risk of developing SB cancer. Due to the rarity of this complication of CD, we aimed to describe the clinical features, presentation, and of small bowel neoplasms (SBN) in patients with CD. Methods A case-control study was performed to...

PURPOSE Over the past 50 years, multiple pathology organizations worldwide have evolved in cancer histopathology reporting from subjective, narrative assessments to structured, synoptic formats using controlled vocabulary. These reporting protocols include the required data elements that represent the minimum set of evidence-based, clinically actio...

Background: Macroscopic dissection and specimen sampling are essential skills in surgical pathology, yet often overshadowed by diagnostic histology. Traditional training methods, such as ‘see one, do one, teach one’, supplemented by reading and videos, provide limited opportunities for practice and carry high stakes for errors on real specimens. Me...

Introduction: Diagnosing soft tissue tumors is challenging due to the complexity of soft tissue sarcomas, which are malignancies with heterogeneous histological and molecular subtypes, often resulting in delayed diagnoses. The gold standard for examining soft tissue tumors is histopathological examination, which, while definitive, is costly and inv...

Context.— Generative artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force in various fields, including anatomic pathology, where it offers the potential to significantly enhance diagnostic accuracy, workflow efficiency, and research capabilities. Objective.— To explore the applications, benefits, and challenges of generative AI in an...

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia is a rare anomaly found amongst neonates. Morgagni hernia was first identified in 1761 by Giovanni Battista Morgagni, father of modern anatomical pathology. CDH is commonly asymptomatic but may present with cardiac, respiratory or nonspecific gastrointestinal symptoms. Morgagni hernia is the rarest form of congenital...

This case study aims to discuss the anatomical pathology, histopathology, and laboratory examination results to obtain a definitive diagnosis of the disease affecting 4 month old pigs from Puhu Village, Gianyar. Data collection in the form of indications, anamnesis, epidemiological and laboratory examinations for further descriptive qualitative ana...

Catamenial pneumothorax (CP) is a recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax during the menstruation period and is often associated with thoracic-pelvic endometriosis. This case study reported a 39-year-old woman who presented with recurrent shortness of breath, particularly during menstruation. The patient also experienced severe dysmenorrhea and difficul...

Background: Lupus nephritis (LN) is a severe manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), characterized by inflammation and immune dysregulation in the kidneys. The role of macrophage polarization in LN progression remains underexplored. Objective: This study examined the association between tubulointerstitial M1/M2 macrophage subpopulation...

Objective To investigate gender disparities in applications and admissions to the medical residency programs in Peru, focusing on differences in application and admission proportions between male and female. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study to assess the proportions of female applicants and admissions to medical residency programs in P...

The presence of gastrointestinal parasites can inhibit the growth of weaning-phase pigs. In addition, gastrointestinal parasites can make pigs more susceptible to other pathogens and even cause death. This case report discusses the co-infection of severe trichuriosis and coccidiosis with secondary Escherichia coli infection in a Duroc weaner pig. D...

Background : Breast carcinoma is a disease characterized by the uncontrolled growth of breast epitel cells. Breast carcinoma is the most common cancer in the world and Indonesia. Breast cancer is caused by many factors, including age and obesity. Aim : This study aims to explain the relationship between age and body mass index with histopathologica...

### Abstract This chapter examines the correlation between the degree of ischemia and arterial lesions, highlighting the interplay between clinical symptoms, anatomical pathology, and diagnostic tools. By grouping arterial conditions under the common denominator of ischemia, it focuses on peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and its progressive stage...

Diabetes mellitus is a global health problem with a growing prevalence. Blood glucose levels that remain high can cause damage to various body tissues. including the pancreas. Durian seeds contain bioactive compounds such as alkaloids. triterpenoids. phenolics. and flavonoids that can reduce blood sugar levels. This study is an experimental study w...

Introduction: Commonly referred to as paragangliomas or glomus caroticum, carotid body tumors (CBT) are rare tumors that develop close to the carotid artery’s branching point and are generally benign. Only 0.6% of all head and neck tumors in humans are CBT, which are rare malignancies of chemical receptors. The surgical classification presented by...

The COVID-19 pandemic, which reached Belgium in early 2020, significantly impacted the country's healthcare system, including forensic medicine. Illustrating the knowledge vacuum the medical world was working in, the first ten patients arriving in Belgium were hospitalized in a police-secured medical facility. By 2021, Belgium was among the most se...

Horst Oertel was an early 20th century pathologist who began his career as an instructor of clinical pathology at the New York University and Bellevue Hospital Medical College in 1899. In 1903, he was appointed pathologist for City Hospital, an institution for indigent patients on New York City's Blackwell's Island. In 1907, Oertel became the first...

BACKGROUND: Primary pulmonary meningioma is a rare and clinically non-diagnosable tumor. Foreign literature describes not more than 70 cases of this disease. The tumor represents a single solid node, not having any specific features, which does not allow for setting the clinical diagnosis before the pathologic examination. The disease has various o...

The advancements of technological devices and software are putting mixed reality in the frontline of teaching medical personnel. The Microsoft® HoloLens 2® offers a unique 3D visualization of a hologram in a physical, real environment and allows the urologists to interact with it. This review provides a state-of-the-art analysis of the applications...

Summary: This study presents a completed clinical audit cycle assessing the occurrence and outcomes of barotrauma in surgical neonates requiring invasive mechanical ventilation at Cairo University Specialized Pediatric Hospital. In the first cycle, 40% of ventilated surgical neonates developed barotrauma, with a high associated mortality rate. Root...

Objectives The paucity of data regarding the availability and extent of diagnostic medical services across sub-Saharan Africa hinders appropriate allocation of resources to improve health care in these regions. We assessed anatomic pathology (AP) and clinical pathology (CP) services in Nigeria, one of the most populous and fastest-growing countries...

Vulvar carcinoma accounts for approximately 0,7% of all malignancies in females and 4% of cases of malignancies in the female reproductive organs. Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) is an uncommon squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) variant with aggressive biological features and frequent distant metastasis. BSCC is reported to occur in approximatel...

Parotid tumors account for 80% of salivary gland tumors and are benign in 80%. Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common benign tumor.Malignant tumors account for 10 to 20% of parotid tumors and are dominated by mucoepidermoid carcinoma.Magnetic resonance imaging is crucial in the diagnosis of these tumors and can suggest the histologic type.We report...

Background Hydatid disease, a parasitic infection caused by the larval form of Echinococcus granulosus, infrequently involves the thyroid gland, whether through direct invasion or hematogenous spread. Case presentation We report the case of a 62-year-old female patient from Morocco who presented with an anterior cervical mass, initially suspected...

Sarcomas are tumors of mesenchymal origin that remain with poor prognosis. This review highlights some emerging predictive biomarkers that could drive personalized therapy, focusing on KIT, TP53, MDM2, CDK4 mutations, PRAME, INI1 and NF1. Research shows that there is a role for imatinib in some gastrointestinal stromal tumors with KIT mutations, an...

HIGHLIGHTS Clinicopathologic characteristic of patient with LEEP procedures dominated by women above 35 years old, with total parity less than 3 and without history of contraceptive usage. The p16 expression analyzed by immunohistochemistry technique. The positive and negative reactivity of p16 ratio was 3:5 on LEEP specimen which microscopically a...

Background Brain tumors represent a significant global health challenge, with rising incidence and mortality impacting individuals worldwide and contributing to cancer-related morbidity and mortality. In Africa, this burden is exacerbated by limited access to advanced diagnostics, treatment options, and multi-disciplinary care, compounded by the ab...

Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is the most common gynecologic malignancy in high-income countries, with its incidence and mortality rising globally, particularly in countries undergoing rapid socioeconomic transitions. Over the past decade, the management of EC has shifted towards molecular classification and biomarker-driven therapies. This shift bega...

PURPOSE The global burden of lymphoma is substantial because of the increase in its incidence in recent decades. However, disease characteristics vary across different geographical locations. Numerous immunohistochemistry markers and molecular studies are essential to determine lymphoma diagnosis and prognosis. This poses significant challenges in...

Several decades have passed since the anterograde corticomotoneuronal hypothesis for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) was proposed. The intervening years have witnessed its emergent support based on anatomical, pathological, physiological, neuroimaging, and molecular biological studies. The evolution of an extensive corticomotoneuronal system ap...

Background Ovarian cancer is the most deadly gynecologic malignancy, with almost 20,000 cases diagnosed per year in the US. While many patients respond to initial chemotherapy, cancer recurs in most patients and there are limited treatment options for advanced and relapsed ovarian cancer. A major hurdle to the deployment of engineered T cell therap...

Abstrak : Efusi Pleura merupakan suatu keadaan dimana terjadi penumpukkan cairan melebihi normal di dalam cavum pleura, pemeriksaan sitologi terhadap cairan pleura sangat amat penting untuk diagnostik penyakit pleura. Terutama bila ditemukan sel-sel patologis. Benar atau tidaknya diagnostik tergantung dari kualitas sediaan sitologi yang dihasilkan....

Background: Small intestinal hemangioma in children is a rare case. The most common predilection is jejunum area. History taking, physical examination, and supporting examinations are needed to help establish the diagnosis. Case: 1 year old girl came with complaints of vomiting with blood since the age of 6 months with frequency 10x/day everytime s...

PRIMARY ORBITAL SYNOVIAL SARCOMA EXTENDING INTRACRANIALLY IN A 4 YEAR OLD GIRL : A RARE CASE REPORT Adi Arianto1, Andi Nugraha Sendjaja2, Faiza Rizky Aryani Septarina3 1Anatomical Pathology Laboratory, Badan Pengusahaan Batam Hospital, Batam, Kepulauan Riau, Indonesia 2Neurosurgery division, Badan Pengusahaan Batam Hospital, Batam, Kepulauan Riau,...

Introduction: There is little data describing oligometastatic disease (OMD) and decision-making. We sought to understand the knowledge gaps and challenges in deciphering and delivering treatments. Materials and methods: This is a quality improvement (QI) study conducted via an anonymous survey. Three different clinical scenarios of OMD (oligo-recur...

This case study aims to discuss the anatomical pathology, histopathology, and laboratory examination results to obtain a definitive diagnosis of the disease affecting 4 month old pigs from Puhu Village, Gianyar. Data collection in the form of indications, anamnesis, epidemiological and laboratory examinations for further descriptive qualitative ana...

Background COVID-19 shifted Indonesian education to remote learning. The Gadjah Mada University (UGM) Faculty of Medicine Public Health and Nursing (UGM FMPHN) struggled with studying tumor images remotely due to resource shortages. In parallel, the University of Dundee's (UoD) OME team created OMERO for image management, inspiring UGM to use OMERO...

Appendicitis is inflammation of the vermiform appendix caused by a blockage in the lumen of the appendix. Anatomic pathology examination is considered the gold standard in confirming the diagnosis of appendicitis, but this examination not always carried out. Method: in this study used descriptive cross-sectional with the aim of comparing the clinic...

Colorectal cancer is a malignant epithelial tumor originating from colorectal mucosa. Clinicopathology factors including age, gender, location, histopathological type, differentiation, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, and lymphovascular invasion are known affect the prognosis. This study aims to determine the clinicopathological characteri...

This research investigates the impact of orange juice consumption on the histological structure of the duodenum, a critical site for nutrient absorption and digestion. Focusing on pediatric animals, orange juice (with a pH of 3) was administered to post-weaning rats aged 4 weeks to 6 weeks at dosages ranging from 0g/kg BW to 20g/kg BW over two week...

To improve the prognosis of patients suffering from pulmonary diseases, such as lung cancer, early diagnosis and treatment are crucial. The analysis of CT images is invaluable for diagnosis, whereas high quality segmentation of the airway tree are required for intervention planning and live guidance during bronchoscopy. Recently, the Multi-domain A...

Objective In the context of public health, there is a common misconception that only Romania’s system faces issues and generates societal dissatisfaction. However, globally, there is significant room for improvement, as the performance of the sector is often unsatisfactory. This paper presents findings from an exploratory study on the attitudes of...

Objective To investigate the relationship between Yes-Associated Protein (YAP) and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A (VEGF-A) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and evaluate their potential as predictive biomarkers for distant metastasis. Methods This observational analytic study was conducted from May to August 2023, including 60 NPC cases diag...

Lymphoma is divided into Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Among NHL T-cell lymphoma is a rare malignancy of T cells, accounts for 12% of all NHL cases, it is further classified into 53 subtypes by WHO. T-cell lymphoma generally have worse prognosis than those B cells. In 2020 there were 16.125 new cases in Indonesia with 9.024...

Introduction: Good Samaritan animals are frequently encountered at veterinary teaching hospitals and provide a useful indirect surveillance tool for monitoring major morbidity and mortality in unattended animals. Methods: Retrospective study. Good Samaritan animals’ medical and postmortem examination records were searched from the OSU VMC medical r...

Background: Esophageal melanoma is believed to develop from melanocytes anchored in the esophageal mucosa. The aim of this study to show about histopathologic diagnosis of primary malignant melanoma of esophagus. Methods: By the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) 2020, this study was able to show that it met...

Pathogenic Leptospira spp. causes leptospirosis in animals and humans globally, leading to systemic infections that can impact vital organs in affected animals. The purpose of this study was to evaluate kidney injury and to perform a retrospective analysis of leptospirosis infection in follow-up dog samples. The retrospective study collected epidem...

Omphalitis, an infection caused by various bacteria entering the exposed umbilicus or bloodstream, significantly contributes to chick mortality within the first week post-hatch, often due to suboptimal hygiene practices during hatching. This case study aimed to characterise the effects of omphalitis on day-old chicks (DOCs) by examining the anatomi...

Pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare condition characterised by infiltration of the lungs with abnormal smooth muscles and cystic lesions. A rarer form of the condition is extrapulmonary LAM (E-LAM) where the same cystic lesions are found in various organs throughout the body resulting in a variety of symptoms. Given the rarity of E-L...

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) as a diagnostic tool for thyroid cancer in Sanjiwani Hospital, Gianyar. Methods: This study used a diagnostic test method with a retrospective cross-sectional design. A total of 138 cases of thyroid nodules that received FNAB and anatomical pathology exami...

Histological staining plays a crucial role in anatomic pathology for the analysis of biological tissues and the formulation of diagnostic reports. Traditional methods like hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) primarily offer morphological information but lack insight into functional details, such as the expression of biomarkers indicative of cellular activi...

Targeted therapies have shown promise in improving survival rates for lung adenocarcinoma, a common and deadly malignancy. EGFR-targeting tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are particularly effective among these therapies in cases with EGFR mutations. Detecting these mutations before TKI treatment is essential. Various radiological features have bee...