Analytical Geochemistry - Science topic

The range of applications of analytical geochemistry in the geosciences extends from hydrocarbon studies to forensic investigations with samples from billion year old material formed deep within the earth to material from contemporary environments (Poulton et al. 2010). Within archaeological and palaeoenvironmental research, elementary geochemistry...

A classroom presentation for learning the different types of techniques of analytical geochemistry.

In this study, a series of analytical geochemistry and petro-physical studies has been done to a number of effective source rock samples in the southwestern region of Khuzestan province and it illustrates that some strata’s in investigated wells have high hydrocarbon generation potential with the existence of commercial hydrocarbon production. Ther...

Le présent ouvrage constitue le second vo­lume de la monographie consacrée au site ver­rier du Pâturage de l’Envers, fouillé entre 2000 et 2004 dans le cadre des travaux autoroutiers de l’A16 Transjurane. En guise d’introduc­tion, nous rappellerons quelques éléments im­portants développés dans le premier volume 1 et nécessaires à la compréhension g...

In sample preparation and mass spectrometry analysis, sample dissolution, column chemistry, concentration mismatches, and matrix effects have significant potential for introducing analytical artifacts during Mg isotope analysis. Based on the low MgO content and undesirable matrix elements in felsic rocks, the development of well-characterized felsi...

Knowledge of the precise human biomineral composition may allow physicians to recommend an appropriate prophylactic therapy for the patient and thus prevent or delay the stone recurrence. The present study focuses on the application of complementary analytical techniques to the characterization of human urinary stones. Several gallbladder and renal...

A determinação de elementos maiores, menores e traços em materiais geológicos é realizada rotineiramente no Laboratório de Geoquímica Analítica e no Laboratório de Geologia Isotópica do IG utilizando as técnicas fluorescência de raios X (FRX) e espectrometria de massas com fonte de plasma acoplado por indução (ICP-MS) respectivamente. Os resultados...

Sediment geochemistry is a powerful tool to investigate earth surface processes because sediments record geochemical signatures of their provenance, generation, transport, deposition, and environmental conditions. A significant advancement in the technology of analytical geochemistry has made geochemical analyses of sediments more rapid and precise...

Precise and accurate δ66/64Zn data for environmental reference materials (RMs) including rocks, sediments, soils and plants are presented in order to improve the metrological traceability and analytical control of Zn isotope ratio determinations in future environmental studies. Previously developed ion exchange chromatography protocols were adjuste...

The aim of this work was to investigate the iodine most common forms iodide (I-) and iodate (IO3-) toxicity and bioaccumulation by barley (Hordenum vulgare) from spiked and naturally contaminated agricultural soils and agar cultivation media using laboratory pot experiments. The amount of bioaccumulated iodine and the iodine abundance in the soil w...

Over the course of a scientific career, a large fraction of the data collected by scientific investigators turns into data at risk of becoming inaccessible to future science. Although a part of the investigators’ data is made available in manuscripts and databases, other data may remain unpublished, non-digital, on degrading or near obsolete digita...

Abstract-Quality assurance and quality control is a critical component of modern analytical geochemistry. A properly constructed QA/QC program identifies both the source of analytical error, and provides a means of establishing confidence in assessing limitations of analytical data. QA/QC programs involve monitoring precision, accuracy, and potenti...

The determination of rare earth elements (REEs, La-Lu), Y and Th in uranium-, niobium-, and tantalum-rich refractory mineral samples by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer (ICP-AES) is challenging due to spectral and matrix interferences. In this paper, a simple, rapid, and accurate method for the synergistic and selective separ...

Animal movements and the acquisition and allocation of resources provide mechanisms for individual behavioural traits to propagate through population, community and ecosystem levels of biological organization. Recent developments in analytical geochemistry have provided ecologists with new opportunities to examine movements and trophic dynamics and...

A short and efficient synthesis of heptadeuterated 2,2,4,4,5,7,7-d7-cholestane (1) from cholesterol (3) is described. The deuterated material will be useful for the analysis of different sources of petroleum in analytical geochemistry laboratories as internal standard for quantification of steranes via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).

Cited By (since 1996): 5, Export Date: 2 April 2013, Source: Scopus, Art. No.: W00J02, CODEN: WRERA, doi: 10.1029/2010WR009997, Language of Original Document: English, Correspondence Address: Guan, K.; Department of Civil Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52317, United States; email: kguan@princeton.edu, References: Addiscott, T., Fert...

Managed grasslands are a predominant land use in northern temperate regions. They are often on poorly drained soils and contain large stocks of soil organic carbon (SOC). It is important to understand C dynamics in grasslands to better assess their role in regional C budgets. Two adjacent grassland plots, one amended with 100 m 3 ha -1 of liquid sw...

The large-scale compositional structures of planets are primarily established during early global differentiation. Advances in analytical geochemistry, the increasing diversity of extraterrestrial samples, and new paleomagnetic data are driving major changes in our understanding of the nature and timing of these early melting processes. In particul...

Cited By (since 1996): 25, Export Date: 10 September 2012, Source: Scopus, Art. No.: TC5016, doi: 10.1029/2008TC002419, Language of Original Document: English, Correspondence Address: Lustrino, M.; Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Roma la Sapienza, Piazzale A. Moro, 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy; email: michele.lustrino@uniro...

Microbial ecology in subterranean systems has yet to be fully studied. Cave systems present highly unusual and extreme habitats, where microbial activity can potentially play a major role in nutrient cycling and possibly contribute to the formation of characteristic subaerial structures. How microorganisms actually function in cave systems, and wha...

A first attempt was made to estimate an uncertainty budget for the multi-element analysis of glasses using LA-ICP-MS, in accordance with the ‘‘Bottom-up’’ approach of the EURACHEM/CITAC-Guide.1 Analyses of NIST SRM 612, 614 and USGS glasses BCR-2G and BIR-1G were carried out using a 193 nm excimer LA-ICP-MS under routine conditions. Calibration was...

Our recent discovery of hazardous concentrations of arsenic in shallow sedimentary aquifers in Cambodia raises the spectre of future deleterious health impacts on a population that, particularly in non-urban areas, extensively use untreated groundwater as a source of drinking water and, in some instances, as irrigation water. We present here small-...

Diagenesis comprises a broad spectrum of phys- ical, chemical and biological post-depositional processes by which original sedimentary assemblages and their interstitial pore waters react in an attempt to reach textural and geo- chemical equilibrium with their environment. Diagenesis affects all sediments after their deposition and includes a fund...

Traditional ceramic industries (ceramic tiles, frits, glazes and pigments) generate solid wastes, wastewater and gas emissions that have different characteristics depending on the type of product made. The present study was undertaken to define a series of test methodologies for characterising each type of waste. The approach involved defining the...

É apresentada a recuperação da memória histórica da Geoquímica Analítica em Minas Gerais desde os primeiros trabalhos de Henri Gorceix, em 1881. São descritos os trabalhos dos órgãos antigos, como o Serviço da Produção Mineral, a Secretaria da Agricultura do Estado de Minas Gerais e o Instituto de Tecnologia Industrial, órgãos cujos geoanalistas de...

The results of Second International Proficiency Test (GeoPT2) obtained at the Geochemical Laboratory of National Geophysical Research Institute are presented. Estimation of 33 trace elements including all the fourteen rare earths obtained by ICP-MS in Bardon Volcanic Tuff Samples (OU-1) are compared with the assigned values. Sample decomposition me...

The perception among meteoriticists is that contents of the volatile trace elements systematically decrease with shock and particularly petrologic type. This perception affects views that investigators have of the early history and structure of the H chondrite parent body. Measurement of a variety of volatile trace elements in a statistically signi...

Halogen in geological materials is the key tracer for the fluid/volatile related geological processes. Due to low concentration of halogens and high volatility, it is a challenge for the analysis of halogens in geological materials. Many studies on sample preparation for the analysis of halogens in geological materials have been reported in the las...

The wide field of geochemistry includes: (1) Elemental geochemistry; (2) Mineral geochemistry; (3) Isotope geochemistry; (4) Cosmochemistry; (5) Geochemistry of igneous rocks; (6) Geochemistry of metamorphic rocks; (7) Geochemistry of sedimentary rocks; (8) Ore geochemistry; (9) Soil geochemistry; (10) Chemostratigraphy; (11) Biogeochemistry; (12)...

This contribution attempts to recount our collective progress in understanding the Archean-Hadean Earth system over the past 50 yr. Many realms of the geological sciences (geochemistry, petrology, geophysics, structural geology, geobiology, planetary science, and more) have made substantive contributions to this effort. These contributions have cha...

The article discusses various limited considerations and assumptions on the positive or negative impact of geochemical features chemical elements found in rocks, ores, soil, plants, water and in the air of the territories of populated areas, factories, the mining and agro-industrial complexes to the environment and the role of analytical geochemist...

This book is a marked departure from typical introductory geochemistry books available: It provides a simple, straightforward, applied, and down-to-earth no-nonsense introduction to geochemistry. It is for the undergraduate students who are introduced to the subject for the first time, but also for practicing geologists who do not need the heavy-du...

As ameaças antrópicas para a qualidade da água, como a acidificação e degradação de fontes subterrâneas, têm efeitos cumulativos, aumento dos custos de tratamento para a produção de água potável e podem levar a problemas de saúde humana e perdas econômicas. Com o intuito de aprofundar os conhecimentos sobre as águas subterrâneas em áreas urbanas, n...

Chemische Grundlagen sind die Basis für einen großen Teil der Geowissenschaften. Studierende der Geowissenschaften benötigen daher zunehmend ein solides Verständnis der chemischen Grundlagen, um ihr Studium erfolgreich zu absolvieren. Die erweiterte zweite Auflage dieses beliebten Lehrbuchs führt die Studenten in diese "georelevante" Chemie ein, di...

Geochemical characterisation of hypersaline waters is difficult as high concentrations of salts hinder the analysis of constituents at low concentrations, such as trace metals, and the collection of samples for trace metal analysis in natural waters can be easily contaminated. This is particularly the case if samples are collected by non-convention...

One of the defining features of the British Mesolithic is the depiction of highly mobile families or communities travelling across and settling in the post-glacial and early Holocene landscape, often using river valleys as a primary means of access into the interior of the inland and upland area of the country. The aim of this research was to ident...

Lors de ce travail de thèse, la combinaison des méthodes de la géochimie analytique et isotopique avec les approches modélisatrices a permis d’apporter de nouvelles connaissances à la compréhension de la zone critique et du régolithe. Pour l’étude du régolithe, ce travail présente une méthodologie permettant de réaliser sur un même profil d’altérat...

Extract This issue of GEEA presents a small selection of papers read at the 24th International Applied Geochemistry Symposium (IAGS), 20–24 April 2015 at the Hilton El Conquistador Golf & Resort, Tucson, Arizona, USA. The meeting was convened by Eric Weiland, Sarah Lincoln and myself, and attracted 240 participants from 24 countries who presented 9...

An efficient, clean procedure for the measurement of element mass fractions in bulk rock nanoparticulate pressed powder pellets (PPPs) by 193 nm laser ablation ICP-MS is presented. Samples were pulverised by wet milling and pelletised with microcrystalline cellulose as a binder, allowing non-cohesive materials such as quartz or ceramics to be proce...

An efficient, clean procedure for bulk rock major to trace element analysis by 193 nm Excimer LA-ICP-MS analysis of nanoparticulate pressed powder pellets (PPPs) employing a binder is presented. Sample powders are milled in water suspension in a planetary ball mill, reducing average grain size by about one order of magnitude compared to common dry...

Most experiments and measurements are performed in clean rooms. There are two types of clean rooms: air circulation type and all-fresh air type. This chapter explains materials used in the clean laboratory for analytical geochemistry. It outlines the process of sample digestion. The sample will be digested in hydrofluoric acid (HF) and hydrochloric...

This chapter reviews the strategies in analytical geochemistry, including major element geochemistry, trace element geochemistry, determination of mass fractionation, age dating, and radiogenic isotopes for geochemical tracers. Thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) is one of the analytical methods that seemed to satisfy the requirements of an...

Ion exchange chromatography is the most popular separation and purification technique of elements. When the decomposed sample is dissolved in solution, it becomes cations or anions. The target element ions are separated from ions of other major, minor, and trace elements by the difference in affinity on ion exchange resins. In the analytical geoche...

This work summarizes the historical progression of the field of lithium (Li) isotope studies and provides a comprehensive yet succinct overview of the research applications toward which they have been directed. In synthesizing the historical and current research, the volume also suggests prospective future directions of study. Not even a full decad...

The prosperity of our societies and our standards of living are directly related to our ability to fi nd, exploit, and manage our metal and mineral resources. Metal and mineral deposits are, in fact, geochemical anomalies and, as such, applied geochemistry plays a critical role throughout the mineral resources value chain, from early stage explorat...

Advances in analytical geochemistry have made it possible to determine precisely the concentrations of many trace elements and their isotopes in rocks. In the case of igneous and related rocks, these data provide important constraints on the composition and geochemical evolution of the silicate Earth. Here, the theoretical basis for the understandi...

The analytical results for the modified river sediment, SdAR-1 circulated in Round 31 of the GeoPT proficiency testing programme revealed unexpected discrepancies for Zr, Y and most higher atomic number rare earth elements (HREE), in determinations made by ICP-MS using acid attack digestion methods. This investigation compares these ICP-MS results...

Advances in the chemical, crystallographic and isotopic characterisation of geological and environmental materials can often be ascribed to technological improvements in analytical hardware or to innovative approaches to data acquisition and/or its interpretation. This biennial review addresses key laboratory methods that form much of the foundatio...

Quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) are critical components of modern analytical geochemistry. A properly constructed QA/QC program identifies both the source of analytical error and provides a means of establishing confidence in and assessing limitations of analytical data. A QA/QC program involves monitoring precision, accuracy, and pot...

A incerteza da medição expressa a exatidão de um resultado analítico. Uma forma prática de estimar a incerteza de medição é utilizar séries de resultados obtidos ou pela análise de materiais de referência certificados (MRC) ou da participação em testes de proficiência. As duas abordagens foram utilizadas para estimar as incertezas associadas à dete...

A general method for the evaluation of in situ heterogeneity of geochemical materials is described and the significance of the results discussed, by using three case studies and earlier data sets. The heterogeneity of Pb in soil (expressed as RSD due to sampling, RSDsamp) varies from <5 to >100% between different sites, in a way that relates to the...

This extensively updated new edition of the widely acclaimed Treatise on Geochemistry has increased its coverage beyond the wide range of geochemical subject areas in the first edition, with five new volumes which include: the history of the atmosphere, geochemistry of mineral deposits, archaeology and anthropology, organic geochemistry and analyti...

This chapter covers the principles of atomic spectrometry and includes a summary of the key historic developments and the general theoretical basis for atomic spectroscopy phenomena relevant to techniques based on both optical and mass spectrometry. In addition, the analytical characteristics are discussed of the three key instrumental components t...

In order to study the physical and chemical reaction after CO2 injected into coal beds at different condition. The physical and chemistry reaction among CO2, H2O and coal was studied, and the influence on permeability and porosity of coal beds was carried out. The experimental method was used, so did the basic theory of mineralogy, coal petrology,...

Microbial processes that eliminate organic environmental contamination are important. Progress in the biotechnology of biodegradation relies upon the underlying sciences of environmental microbiology and analytical geochemistry. Recent key discoveries advancing knowledge of biodegradation (in general) and the aromatic-hydrocarbon biodegradation (in...

Most major geochemical datasets are derived by aggregation of individual sets of analyses on samples collected from spatially located point sources. As the variety and capacity of geochemical instruments continues to increase, the lack of agreed international standards mean that geochemical data are increasingly heterogeneous and harder to aggregat...

Refining terminology can help the development of new concepts. For example, the definition of the terms bias and precision for the two types of measurement error were useful in the early development of data quality in analytical chemistry. The more recent recognition of uncertainty of measurement has aided the development of further new ideas, such...

In the past few years, we have seen the development of databases that support model development, e.g. LEPR, PetDB, and EarthChem. A critical missing component is an exhaustive online database of experimental data on trace element partitioning between phases. Over the past ten years, we have developed a web-based resource for trace element partition...

Ti site occupancy in zircon (ZrSiO{u2074}) is fundamental to thermobarometry because substitution mechanisms control Ti content-temperature relations. Described here are the results of three independent methods used to demonstrate that Ti predominately substitutes for Si and not Zr in zircon. Zircons were synthesized from oxide powders held in a Na...

The present study shows the results of a statistical evaluation to establish reliable composition values (central tendency and dispersion parameters) for eight Geochemical Reference Materials (GRM) available from Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques (CRPG; Nancy, France): bauxite BX-N, diorite DR-N, sienite DT-N, potash feldspar FK-...

A new proficiency testing sample, OPY-1 (ultramafic rock), the basis of the twentieth international proficiency test of analytical geochemistry laboratories (GeoPT 20), was recently prepared by the International Association of Geoanalysts (IAG). This paper reports analytical data for Os, Ir, Ru, Rh, Pt and Pd with different digestion techniques, in...

The results of the first international proficiency test (GeoPT1) of geochemical laboratories are presented. A total of 49 laboratories contributed analytical data on G94, a sample of Threlkeld microgranite which had been collected at the International Conference, Geoanalysis 94. Assigned values were derived by robust statistical analysis of contrib...

This paper presents statistical aspects related to the calibration process and a comparison of different regression approaches of relevance to almost all analytical techniques. The models for ordinary least-squares (OLS), weighted least-squares (WLS), and maximum likelihood fitting (MLF) were evaluated and, as a case study, X-ray fluorescence (XRF)...

Results are presented from the seventy five laboratories participating in GeoPT4, round four of the international proficiency testing programme for analytical geochemistry laboratories. Laboratories were required to analyse the sample OU-2 (Belford dolerite) using routine methods of analysis. The sample was distributed during September 1998 with a...

Results from sixty laboratories participating in GeoPT2, the international proficiency testing programme for analytical geochemistry laboratories, are reported. Compared with 71.3% in the last round, 74.6% of the reported data complied with the laboratories’ selected fitness for purpose criteria. Les résultats provenant des soixante laboratoires pa...

Twenty eight elements in soil bottom mire reference materials GSS31 - GSS35 and twelve elements in certified reference materials TY1 ∼ 4 from Czchoslovakia are determined by INAA. U fission interference and gamma spectrum interferences are modified. Analytical results of BNV - 1 (Nevada basalt) are listed, which are excerpted from an international...

The results of thirteenth international proficiency test (Geo PT 13) obtained at the geochemical laboratory of Geological Survey of India, Hyderabad are presented. Estimation of 34 trace elements including all the fourteen rare earths obtained by ICP-MS in Köln Loess sample (Loess-1) is compared with the assigned values. Sample decomposition method...

The BGS analytical geochemistry laboratories in Keyworth analyse samples for G-BASE. This report describes the collection, collation, verification and storage of the analytical results for the solid samples. The laboratories analytical records are stored in a Laboratory Information Management System (LIMS) data checking, collation and verification...

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 1982. MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND LINDGREN Bibliography: leaves 209-226. by Harlan Wheelock Stockman. Ph.D.

Major inorganic ions and stable carbon and oxygen isotopes in stream water, groundwater, groundwater seeps and springs were measured in the Corral Canyon meadow complex and watershed in the Toquima Mountains of central Nevada, USA. The purpose of the study was to determine whether stream water or groundwater was the source of water that supports ve...

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Glasgow, 2004. Includes bibliographical references.

Advances in analytical geochemistry have made it possible to determine precisely the concentration of many trace elements and their isotopes in rocks. These data provide the cornerstone for geochemical models of the Earth and terrestrial planets. However, our understanding of how trace elements behave has not kept pace with the analytical advances....

Results are presented for round one of a new international proficiency testing programme designed for microprobe laboratories involved in the routine analysis of silicate minerals. The sample used for this round was TB-1, a basaltic glass fused and prepared by the USGS. Thirty nine laboratories contributed data to this round, the majority of major...

This work presents a set of four distinct parts, which are related to the geochemical analysis. The first part is focused on the isotope dilution method and its applications, and is build as a group of published articles. The isotope dilution theory is exposed, and the advantages inherent to this primary method are discussed. The powerfull combinat...

Les interactions eaux-roches au sein des profils d’altération sont à l’origine de flux d’éléments chimiques sous forme dissoute ou particulaire, allant des continents vers les océans. Les latérites couvrant un tiers de la surface des continents et leur mode de formation étant discuté, on se propose d’étudier de tels profils afin d’en retracer la fo...

Results are presented from the seventy two laboratories participating in GeoPT5, round five of the international proficiency testing programme for analytical geochemistry laboratories. The sample for round five, AMH-1 (Mount Hood andesite), was distributed during March 1999 and participating laboratories were asked to analyse the sample using their...