Alcohol - Science topic

High-crystalline binary oxide of TiO 2 and SiO 2 was successfully synthesized using a simple, unique method involving titanium isopropoxide, silicon tetraethoxide and isopropyl alcohol (IP). The resulting crystalline preferred oriented powder was analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD). Rietveld refinement showed that the titania-silica (TS) crystal...

Objective: This study aims to investigate the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation strategies in the relationship between childhood trauma, risky alcohol and substance use, and sexual compulsions. Method: The research involved 303 participants from universities in Ankara. Data collection included the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, Sexual...

In this research, we investigated how alcohol modulates the simplest form of learning, habituation, in Caenorhabditis elegans. We used our high throughput Multi-Worm Tracker to conduct a large scale study of more than 21,000 wild-type worms to assess the effects of different concentrations of alcohol on habituation of the well-characterized tap wit...

Introduction As studies on the association between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), including amnestic (aMCI) and non‐amnestic (naMCI) subtypes, vary by sex and age, we investigated the sex‐ and age‐specific effects of T2DM on incident MCI after five years in a population‐based sample. Methods A total of 145 par...

Background Substance use disorders (SUDs) are a global public health problem with more adverse impacts among the population at risk. Healthcare workers, including physicians, are at increased risk of substance use problems in developing countries, including India, due to prolonged working hours, financial stress due to poor pay during early career,...

This study investigated the application of Corey–Bakshi–Shibata (CBS) catalysts to asymmetric reduction of 2′-aminoacetophenone derivatives and determined their absolute configuration using the modified Mosher and microcrystal electron diffraction methods. The results reveal that stereoselective CBS reduction is effective on 2′-amino-3′-methylaceto...

Rationale Alcohol-induced blackouts (AIBs) are common in college students and are associated with other alcohol-related consequences. Alcohol-nicotine co-use is also common in this population. Nicotine has cognitive-enhancing properties impacting multiple cognitive domains, including those impaired by alcohol (e.g., attention), but it is unclear wh...

Sexual misperception—inaccurate perception of a partner's sexual interest and intent—is a potential link through which alcohol intoxication affects perpetration of sexual assault. Alcohol intoxication induces cognitive deficits that influence in‐the‐moment perceptions, such as sexual misperception and decision‐making. Further, expectancies about al...

Excessive levels of alcohol consumption play a major role in numerous alcohol‐related harms, including a heightened risk of developing problematic drinking behaviors. Those who develop alcohol use disorder (AUD) often struggle with persistent difficulties in controlling their drinking, experience withdrawal symptoms, and engage in risky behaviors t...

A series of novel (S)‐proline derivatives incorporating both 1,2,3‐triazole and vicinal amino alcohol functionalities were synthesized via a newly proposed “click by click” strategy. Key steps involved the synthesis of various azidoalcohols and their subsequent reactions with isopropyl prop‐2‐yn‐1‐yl‐L‐prolinate through Cu(I)‐catalyzed azide‐alkyne...

How can we lower Oregon’s youth substance use disorder (SUD) and overdose rates? Oregon is third in the country for SUD, with 5.77% of adolescents (12-17) having documented SUD. Some claim that it is because of the decriminalization of drugs, like Senator Art Robinson, but another reason relies on how we are educating Oregon youth. Oregon education...

Taking the economic income and consumption structure data of rural residents in Henan Province from 2006 to 2020 as an example, the change from 2006 to 2020 was briefly introduced, and then the relationship between them was deeply calculated by a grey relational analysis (GRA) model. The results showed that from 2006 to 2010, the economic income ha...

ABSTRACT Introduction: Brazil is undergoing an epidemiological transition, with an increase in non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs) at the expense of infectious diseases. Given this, it is essential to monitor the risk factors for NCDs in locations such as Goiânia. Objective: To compare the risk factors for non-communicable chronic diseases in...

This article presents an analysis of the social functions ascribed to Jiugao and Historiae during the Western Zhou period in China and in the early Scythian civilisation. While regulating the conditions under which wine may be consumed, Jiugao also ascribes very important ethical attributes and functions to wine. In Jiugao, the necessary indoctrina...

Background Whether the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori ) infection is lower in hemodialysis patients than that in patients with normal renal function remains controversial. We performed multivariable logistic regression analysis in hemodialysis patients and patients with normal renal function to compare the prevalence of H. pylori inf...

An efficient photoinduced and metal‐free method for direct α‐C–H monoalkylation of alcohols utilizing the CO2‐DBU‐system as a hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) catalyst in the presence of water (H2O) is reported. This protocol allows for selective functionalization of alcohols with a broad substrate scope, demonstrating yields up to 88% in 36 examples....

Detecting long‐term environmental trends is a fundamental requirement for organisms living in fluctuating environments to optimize their physiological and developmental responses. This characteristic depends on long‐term memory. However, whether gene promoters alone confer week‐scale environmental responses (WERs) and the mechanisms governing the a...

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a condition where there is a buildup of fat in the liver in people with diabetes, obesity, high blood pressure, or high cholesterol, and who drink little to no alcohol.

his study examined the influence of alcoholism on academic integrity among adult learners in Odukpani Local Government Area of Cross River State. The study adopted survey research design and the sample comprised of one hundred adult learners (50 males and 50 females) randomly selected from two literacy and one extramural centres in the study area....

The aim of this study was to analyze the structure of the SIAS-6 from an integrative approach of psychological network analysis and item response theory (IRT). In addition, differential item functioning (DIF) was identified as a function of gender. In this regard, an exploratory graph analysis (EGA) followed by a Bootstrap (bootEGA) was applied to...

Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) frequently coexists with diabetes mellitus (DM), leading to a worse prognosis if both are present. Steatotic liver disease (SLD) may also predispose to DM, but its impact among AF patients is unclear. We aimed to determine whether metabolic dysfunction-associated SLD (MASLD), MASLD with increased alcohol intake (...

The structural, functional and electrical characteristics have been investigated for poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA)-based polymer electrolyte with the incorporation of magnesium salt which mainly explains the electrical properties of the material in the present work. Here the polymer electrolyte is synthesized in different concentration of polymer and...

Introduction: Suicide is a significant global public health concern influenced by diverse factors. Smoking is associated with an increased risk of suicide-related behaviors, yet age-and sex-specific risks remain unclear. This study examined the association between smoking status and suicide-related behaviors, with specific estimates for different a...

To evaluate Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE-AIM) of First Step, a brief intervention, delivered as the first stage in care for adults seeking community alcohol and other drug (AOD) treatment. A single-arm implementation effectiveness trial was conducted. Participants were clients and staff of three community outp...

Objectives To investigate the incidence and determinants of glaucoma in an elderly Chinese population, and clinical, mental health and economic impacts. Design This nationally representative, longitudinal study assessed self-reported 6-year (from 2011 to 2018) incident glaucoma diagnosis by a physician and measured biological, clinical and socioec...

Introduction: The occurrence of eye issues among quarry workers in southern Ghana is significant, with 58% reporting irritation and 9.4% experiencing quarry-related eye problems. This study assessed factors associated with work-related eye injuries among stone quarry workers in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional st...

Background Several distal and proximal processes have been implicated in sexual aggression (SA) perpetration, including sexual misperception, or the erroneous perception of a potential partner's sexual interest or consent, alcohol intoxication, and past perpetration. Little is known about how these predictors interact in the context of a sexual int...

Background: The clinical utility of polygenic scores (PGS) is known to vary when training and test samples differ in ancestry, with recent work suggesting that sociodemographic differences can also impact PGS performance. However, the impact of belonging to multiple intersecting contexts on genetic risk remains understudied. Methods: We analyzed li...

The full exploitation of nanoparticle (NP) properties requires their controlled syntheses, ideally achieved by more sustainable strategies. We report on the benefits of using mixtures of ethanol and glycerol for the room temperature syntheses of stable surfactant-free colloidal gold (Au) NPs in alkaline water–alcohol solutions. Using [ethanol + gly...

Background Open drug scenes are characterized by public gatherings of people who use drugs (PWUD) for the purpose of drug consumption and trade, often related to poor health conditions as risk of overdose, a higher prevalence of infectious disease and social exclusion. This cross-sectional survey investigated the characteristics, substance use patt...

Background Prenatal alcohol exposure causes fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD), primarily through alcohol-induced apoptosis. This study explores the link between ethanol-induced neuronal apoptosis and neural network electrical activity in developing rat retinal ganglion cells, and examines dopamine’s protective effects and influence on this ac...

El proceso enfermero describe el caso de un paciente masculino con trastornos mentales debido al consumo de sustancias psicoactivas, con un diagnóstico 6C40 en la Clasificación Internacional de Enfermedades 11. Se implementaron cuidados para mejorar su calidad de vida, con el objetivo de evaluar el nivel de delirio utilizando indicadores del Nursin...

Background Alcohol intake increases recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF), but its relationship with cardiovascular outcomes is less well characterized. We aimed to study the association between different levels of alcohol intake and cardiovascular outcomes in a global cohort of patients with AF. Methods This is a cross‐sectional analysis of the...

La evaluación del estado de nutrición, precisa además de la obtención de datos antropométricos, bioquímicos, clínicos y dietéticos, la recopilación de información relacionada con el estilo de vida, y dentro de este último componente resulta importante indagar sobre el uso de sustancias. El consumo de alcohol, tabaco, drogas y productos herbolarios...

Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of metabolic abnormalities that increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) is a biomarker of systemic inflammation, but its relationship with MetS and its components remains unclear. This study investigates the association between hs...

This paper presents a kinetic investigation of rapid phosphating compositions designed for corrosion protection in industrial environments. The formulations incorporate extraction phosphoric acid, furfuryl alcohol, hexamethylenetetramine, and lignin-hydrolysis industry waste with the following composition (wt.% relative to absolutely dry residue):...

Abstract Objective: Despite potentially harmful consequences, people routinely encounter alcohol adverts designed to increase consumption of alcohol in preference to safer alternatives. However, individuals differ in the degree to which such adverts elicit preferential alcohol consumption. The present study builds upon and extends prior research, b...

This study introduces a comprehensive multiscale framework for analyzing and optimizing the microstructural properties of catalyst‐coated membranes (CCMs) in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. The approach integrates mercury intrusion porosimetry, multiple microscopy techniques, and nondestructive focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy...

Missing data are ubiquitous in public health research. The missing-completely-at-random (MCAR) assumption is often unrealistic and can lead to meaningful bias when violated. The missing-at-random (MAR) assumption tends to be more reasonable, but guidance on conducting causal analyses under MAR is limited when there is missingness on multiple variab...

The combined use of hydrogel active materials and porous and asymmetric electrodes enables the development of high-performance and high-power output moist-electric generators (MEGs). Herein, we report a direct laser writing carbonization (DLWc)-enabled approach for cost-effectively manufacturing the porous carbon electrode that can be easily integr...

Sleep-related academic impairment is a common issue among college students and may be influenced by psychological and behavioral health factors. This study used data from the Spring 2021 American College Health Association-National College Health Assessment III (ACHA-NCHA III) to examine whether psychological distress, loneliness, and substance use...

As niobia (Nb2O5) is an accessible acid support in Brazil, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of acidity in Ni/Nb2O5 catalysts for the hydrogenation of furfural in liquid phase. Catalysts with 5, 10 and 15 wt% Ni content were prepared by wet impregnation, activated under H2 flow, and tested in furfural hydrogenation at 150°C and...

This paper reports experimental and computational studies on the mechanism of a popular and well-known procedure for the oxidation of alcohols to carbonyl compounds using TEMPO and the hypervalent iodine reagent PIDA. Easy to obtain kinetic data shows that the mechanism, long assumed but never investigated, is unlikely to be in operation due to zer...

Background Undergraduates with higher social anxiety symptoms are at risk for co‐occurring substance misuse, heavier drinking in certain contexts, and experiencing more negative alcohol‐related consequences. Among undergraduates broadly, online norms‐based interventions provide consistent and cost‐effective reductions in alcohol use and related ris...

Biodiesel is obtained by transesterification of triglycerides using catalysts. The possibilities of using a natural catalyst—dolomite in the synthesis of biodiesel are explored in this article. The conditions for preparing dolomite are presented, with considerable emphasis placed on the dependence of the structural changes and activity of dolomite...

The global use of bisphenol F (BPF) has led to widespread environmental contamination, posing significant threats to ecosystems and human health. However, the genes involved in BPF degradation remained unknown. In this study, a novel oxidase gene, bpfA , was obtained from strain Microbacterium sp. F2 through a four-step purification strategy. BpfA...

Objective Disordered eating (DE) is associated with a plethora of psychological risk factors, including anxiety and substance use disorders. The Eating Pathology Symptoms Inventory (EPSI) is a validated questionnaire to assess DE. There are no latent profile analyses (LPA) of the EPSI that also examines these profiles with regards to important psyc...

The oxidation of alcohols retains an enormous importance in industry and in synthetic organic chemistry. The renaissance in photocatalysis is offering new routes to conduct this class of transformations under benign and sustainable conditions. In this concept article, we highlight the efforts that have been conducted in light‐driven oxidation of al...

Background: Depression constitutes a major public health issue, being one of the leading causes of the burden of disease worldwide. The risk of depression is determined by both genetic and environmental factors. While genetic factors cannot be altered, the identification of potentially reversible environmental factors is crucial in order to try and...

Aim The present study examines help-seeking and help-receiving behavior in the Austrian general population, explores associations with symptom burden, and investigates the moderating role of self-stigma. Subject and methods Austrian residents (N=2,025) reported help-seeking behavior using the General Help-Seeking Questionnaire, and self-stigma usi...

Disclosed here is a “one‐pot self‐assembly” strategy for the enantioselective synthesis of a spiro bisindole molecule directly from indole and acetone. This convenient synthesis contrasts drastically to the typical long sequence required for other privileged C2‐symmetric spirocycles. The use of an alcohol additive in cooperation with chiral phospho...

Liver cancer is a leading cause of cancer mortality globally, with high Body Mass Index (BMI), alcohol consumption, and smoking identified as major modifiable risk factors. This study assessed global trends in liver cancer mortality attributable to these factors from 1990 to 2021, using data from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease Study. Mortality a...

Globally traffic accidents are influenced by factors such as drowsiness and alcohol consumption. Consequently, there has been a considerable focus on the development of detection systems as part of ongoing efforts to mitigate these risks. This review paper aims to offer a comprehensive analysis of various drowsiness and alcohol detection methods. T...

Проаналізовано перспективи виробництва в Україні сталого авіаційного біопалива шляхом конверсії біоетанолу. Актуальність питання пов’язана з нагальною необхідністю декарбонізації глобального сектору транспорту, зокрема авіації. Виділяють декілька напрямків для скорочення викидів парникових газів в авіації. Із них найбільший внесок може зробити вико...

Hand sanitizer is an innovative instant hand-cleaning product that can be used without rinsing with water. The high alcohol content and other chemicals in hand sanitizer products can cause skin irritation, so it is necessary to innovate in making natural antiseptics using natural ingredients that function as antibacterials. The types of plants that...

Background: Although sorafenib plus transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (SoraTACE) has been widely applied for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in most Asian countries, sorafenib plus hepatic arteria infusion chemotherapy (SoraHAIC) may be a better alternative. Herein, we compared the efficacy and safety between the two groups in advanc...

Thermodynamic parameters play a crucial role in analyzing and optimizing crystallization processes. In this investigation, the solubility profiles of erythromycin thiocyanate dihydrate were determined gravimetrically under atmospheric pressure (0.1 MPa) across six monosolvent systems (methanol, n-propanol, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acet...

Introducción: Los cambios en el consumo de alcohol entre estudiantado universitario que migra por estudios ha sido poco estudiada por género. Objetivo: Este estudio exploró los cambios en los patrones de consumo de alcohol, las razones o motivaciones para el consumo, el nivel de dependencia al alcohol y las situaciones de riesgo experimentadas bajo...

Background Building on the success of tobacco health warning labels, EU Member States and institutions are increasingly considering similar requirements for alcohol products. While industry responses to pricing and availability policies have been widely studied, their framing of Alcohol Health Warning Labels (AHWLs) as a policy solution remains com...

This study explores how parental addiction influences individuals’ attitudes toward alcohol and drug use. Guided by Social Learning Theory and the Family Systems Model, a quantitative, cross-sectional survey was conducted using the standardized Attitude Toward Alcohol and Drug Use Scale (ADAS). Data were collected from 110 participants, including 2...

Background Chronic diseases are a major threat to human health, substantially reducing quality of life (QOL). Since the COVID-19 pandemic there have been surprisingly few surveys specifically focusing on the QOL of individuals living with chronic diseases. This study addresses this gap and assesses the QOL and associated factors of those with chron...

Urine extracellular vesicles (EVs) have garnered increasing interest in recent years as, in combination with their lipid content, they represent a potential source of non-invasive biomarkers. Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders and a significant contributor to morbimortality. Thus, there is growing interest in...

Experiment findings : Memory decline is inevitable in older age’. Discuss with relevance to two opposing theoretical standpoints....... Stress can be adaptive as well as maladaptive. Discuss this with relevance to existing theories of psychological stress...... Internet addiction’ is not a ‘true’ addiction in the same way as alcohol or other subs...

The Quality-of-Care Framework (QOF) aims to improve patient care for at risk groups through financial incentivisation. This study assesses the effect of changes in incentivisation of four health indicators for people with severe mental illness (SMI) on their recording versus controls. 9,250 patients with SMI aged >18 from South London and 12,729 co...

Introduction: diabetes mellitus and hypertension are interrelated diseases that strongly promote the spread of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease within populations. The prevalence of hypertension doubles in the presence of diabetes and is associated with 35-75% of diabetic cardiovascular and renal complications, which is why the aim of this st...

Social determinants of health (SDOH) extraction from clinical text is critical for downstream healthcare analytics. Although large language models (LLMs) have shown promise, they may rely on superficial cues leading to spurious predictions. Using the MIMIC portion of the SHAC (Social History Annotation Corpus) dataset and focusing on drug status ex...

Multi-page packet with CSTS fact sheets on substance abuse. • Addressing Alcohol Misuse (Provider sheet) • Alcohol and Your Health

Alcoholic beverages are one of the problems that often affect adolescent behavior and health, especially in rural areas such as Janapria Village. This study aims to identify the main causes of alcohol consumption among adolescents and to design effective mentoring efforts to reduce its impact. The research method used is a qualitative approach invo...

As per agreed upon and trained guidelines ,observations on bus were conducted on 30/04/2020.Following were the observations. 20 buses were observed. Etiquette Observation Washing the touching places using soap 100% Hand sanitizer availability 10% Soap,water and handspray 10% Plan about seating pasted 10% Facemasks in driver and conductor 100% Disin...

This manuscript reports new experimental measurements of density and viscosity of tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol + 1-alkanols (1-propanol to 1-heptanol) mixtures, at 0.1 MPa and over a temperature range from 293.15 K to 323.15 K. PC-SAFT was used to correctly predict the increase in density of the mixture with decreasing 1-alkanol. Furthermore, the Red...

Introduction: The emergence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a challenge for disease control and prevention worldwide. Objective: To study factors associated with MDR-TB in patients diagnosed in the Centre region, from 2020 to 2022. Methods: We conducted a retrospective unpaired case-control study on data from January 1, 2020 to Dece...

The relationship between drinking and sarcopenia remains controversial. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association of alcohol drinking with sarcopenia in the older adults. A prospective study with 5244 Chinese community-dwelling older adults aged ≥65 years was performed. Sarcopenia was assessed by appendicular skeletal muscle m...

Invasive aspergillosis, though typically seen in immunocompromised patients, can also affect immunocom-petent individuals and mimic pulmonary malignancy. This case highlights the importance of considering fungal infections in the differential diagnosis of chronic respiratory symptoms, particularly in patients with risk factors such as heavy alcohol...

Obesity and overweight are significant health concerns among university students globally. This study aims to assess the prevalence of obesity and overweight among hostel students at Kakatiya University, Warangal, Telangana State, India. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 200 students (100 males and 100 females). BMI values were analyzed to...

Electrocatalysis offers a promising route to convert CO2 into alcohols, which is most efficient in a two-step cascade reaction with CO2-to-CO followed by CO-to-alcohol. However, current alcohol-producing CO2/CO electrolyzers suffer from low selectivity or alcohol crossover, resulting in alcohol concentrations of less than 1%, which are further dilu...

Background: Rates of alcohol use increase among women, and the gender gap in alcohol use disorder (AUD) is narrowing. Earlier studies indicate that there are differences in a variety of demographic and psychological measures between men and women with AUD. Examining differences between treatment-seeking men and women to target the specific needs an...

Background: Laryngeal cancer, primarily linked to smoking and alcohol consumption, has exhibited changing trends in incidence and mortality over the years. This study compares long-term (1975–2021) and recent (2000–2021) trends, emphasizing differences across demographic groups using SEER and U.S. mortality data. Methods: This is a retrospective Co...

Background Overweight and obesity are more prevalent among urban than rural populations in Africa, yet evidence on these disparities specifically among men remains limited. This study examined the urban-rural disparities and associated factors in overweight/obesity among Ghanaian men aged 20–49. Methods We analysed data from the 2022 Ghana Demogra...

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and stroke prevalence in patients with diabetes. Data were collected from 9,914 diabetic patients who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 1999 and 2020. Weighted multivariable logistic regression models wer...

Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a importância da certificação sustentável e os impactos econômicos e ambientais da exportação de álcool brasileira. A pesquisa, de natureza qualitativa e caráter exploratório, baseia-se em revisão bibliográfica de fontes institucionais e científicas. O estudo destaca os benefícios da certificação, como a atr...

Avoidance coping following stress exposure predicts heightened alcohol drinking. Similarly, blunted sensitivity to the aversive effects of alcohol facilitates increased drinking. However, the relationship between stress exposure, coping mechanism, and sensitivity to alcohol’s aversive effects is unknown. In rats, predator odor stress increases alco...

Objectives Depression and alcohol use disorder (AUD) commonly co-occur, but effective treatments are lacking for addressing these co-occurring symptoms. This study examined whether mindfulness training may reduce AUD and depressive symptoms during and after outpatient psychotherapy for AUD. Method Data were analyzed from 148 participants who were...

Background Night shift work has been associated with adverse health outcomes. Whether night shift work is associated with cholelithiasis remains uncertain, and the roles of genetic risk and lifestyle factors in cholelithiasis risk are unclear. Methods We conducted a prospective analysis of 219,810 UK Biobank participants. Cox proportional hazards...

Understanding skin microclimate—the temperature and humidity at the interface between the skin and other surfaces—is critical for preventing pressure injury (PI). This prospective case series evaluated the performance of a hydrofibre multilayer foam dressing with silicone coating in managing the sacral microclimate in intensive care patients with i...