Air Quality - Science topic

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a trending topic in GIScience, and spatially explicit AI techniques are increasingly sought after (Janowicz et al., 2020). In November 2024, Google released its Population Dynamics Foundation Model (PDFM) embeddings to support various spatial prediction tasks (Agarwal et al., 2024). The company claims that these embe...

Bioaerosols, pose potential health risks, yet quantitative assessments of non-carcinogenic risks from bioaerosol inhalation are limited. This study introduces a novel approach for assessing non-carcinogenic health risks using bioaerosol exposure data. The method employs the Average Daily Dose and Hazard Quotient (HQ) metrics, adapted from US Enviro...

In this commentary, we address the environmental inequalities in Europe, specifically related to air pollution exposure and related health burden disparities between Western and Eastern Europe. We first, provide a background for the causes of these inequalities and links with socioeconomic and demographic circumstances. We showcase, in more detail,...

Since the advent of industrialization, air pollution has significantly increased and is now a serious concern to public health issues. Using environmental datasets from remote sensing and ground stations, acute respiratory infection (ARI) records from the Annual Health Survey, and Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) from MODIS data, this study examines the...

Particulate matter (PM) of 2.5 is the most severe air pollution problem facing the waste processor industry. Integrating Internet of Things (IoT) technology into hybrid wet scrubbers in combustion processes represents a significant leap forward in environmental monitoring and management. IoT enables the instantaneous tracking and regulation of wast...

This study investigates the status of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution during the autumn and winter seasons of 2022-2023. Utilizing thorough data analysis alongside scientific research techniques, it uncovers the characteristics and sources of PM2.5 components with the goal of offering scientific guidance for pollution management in WJQ Ci...

The Inland Empire presents a critical case study for understanding the intersection of environmental hazards and clinical outcomes, particularly for unhoused individuals. The region's poor air quality, marked by high levels of PM2.5 and diesel exhaust, along with the proximity of homeless encampments to industrial zones, creates a perfect storm for...

The impact of biogenic emissions on ozone (O 3 ) has significant implications for air quality management. We analyze biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emissions resulting from urban greening in three major Chinese cities, and impacts on tropospheric ozone. Urban greening BVOCs contributed 1.9 ppb (2.5%), 1.9 ppb (3.3%), and 3.6 ppb (5.9%) t...

The concentration of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) determines the air quality in vehicles, so we build a new evaluation system based on the concentration of aldehydes, the odor of vehicles, the total VOCs (TVOCs) and other parameters to evaluate the air quality in vehicles. Though the overall air quality in the car improves rapidly in recent ye...

The presence of dense forest canopies significantly alters the near-field dynamical, physical, and chemical environment, with implications for atmospheric composition and air quality variables such as boundary layer ozone (O₃). Observations show profound vertical gradients in O3 concentration beneath forest canopies; however, most chemical transpor...

In the field of air quality analysis, data assimilation is commonly used to integrate information on the atmospheric state provided by observations into the model. However, the analysis is largely dependent on the data available to the assimilation system. In order to obtain an accurate analysis of the true state of the atmosphere, the representati...

Hospital outpatient volume is influenced by a variety of factors, including environmental conditions and healthcare resource availability. Accurate prediction of outpatient demand can significantly enhance operational efficiency and optimize the allocation of medical resources. This study aims to develop a predictive model for daily hospital outpat...

A novel temporally resolved settle-plate air sampler was developed using 3D printing technology to improve upon traditional passive air sampling methods. Conventional settle plates provide cumulative measurements of particle or microbial loads over an entire sampling period, lacking the temporal resolution necessary to identify specific contaminati...

Suspended atmospheric microplastics (SAMPs), as a critical component of environmental microplastic pollution, have garnered substantial scientific interest. The characterization of SAMPs in urban environments, as well as the potential risks on health, continues to be a topic of significant research interest. This study provides a comprehensive repo...

With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, air pollution has become a major environmental problem in developing areas. Existing prediction models have some limitations in dealing with limited data samples, nonlinear trends and regional differences. Therefore, an improved grey prediction framework is constructed and applied to...

With the rapid development of tourism, understanding its relationship with environmental pollution has become a critical issue. Traditional research methods often struggle to effectively capture complex time series data and nonlinear associations, limiting their ability to accurately analyze and predict the interactions between tourism development...

Ammonia (NH3) is a key precursor of PM2.5, contributing to the formation of secondary inorganic aerosols and playing a crucial role in haze events. However, current bottom-up emission inventories in China often underestimate NH3 emissions, particularly with significant uncertainties in urban areas. This study developed a "top-down" iterative algori...

Resumo Em Moçambique, os municípios enfrentam dificuldades na gestão de resíduos sólidos. Esta pesquisa tinha como objetivo, analisar o modelo de gestão de resíduos sólidos no município de Inhambane, no período 2020-2024. A pesquisa baseou-se na análise diagnóstica interna e externa, ambiental, laboral e social. Os resultados mostram que a coleta,...

Situated at a land–sea interface, Houston, Texas, is a national hub for the petrochemical industry and has the second-fastest-growing metropolitan population in the United States. Addressing air quality in this region is uniquely challenging, due in part to its wide range of meteorological conditions (e.g., convection systems and temperature invers...

Trees play a crucial role in ecosystems, providing oxygen, carbon sequestration, and habitats for wildlife, including birds. In urban environments like the University of Ibadan, trees enhance aesthetics, regulate microclimates, and support biodiversity. However, bird activities such as nesting and feeding can impact tree health and shade quality, r...

Spaceborne lidar offers unique advantages for improving global estimates of fine particulate matter (PM2.5 ${\text{PM}}_{2.5}$), traditionally limited by critical data gaps in the vertical dimension. Here, we present a new method to retrieve PM2.5 ${\text{PM}}_{2.5}$ relying on ensembles on aerosol extinction available within the GEOS Aerosol Data...

We explore the long-term impact of railway infrastructure on air pollution by examining Japan’s railway network expansion over a 25-year period. Using Difference-in-Differences, regression analysis with market access, and instrumental variables strategies, we identify a causal link between railway development and improved air quality. Our findings...

Rapid urban developments have resulted in numerous environmental challenges, including severe air quality and heat island effect problems. The construction of urban ventilation corridors provides an effective solution for enhancing air circulation and reducing the heat island effect. The present study focuses on Nanhu District, Jiaxing City, Zhejia...

Background Particulate emissions from tobacco products vary significantly between product types. Understanding the nature and quantity of these emissions is important for health risk assessments. This study investigates the mainstream particulate matter emissions from tobacco products, comparing conventional cigarettes (CCs) and heated tobacco prod...

In Mozambique, municipalities face difficulties in solid waste management. This research aimed to analyze the solid waste management model in the municipality of Inhambane in the period 2020-2024. The study applied internal and external, environmental, labor, and social diagnostic analysis. The results show that the collection, transportation, trea...

The assessment of environmental impacts across the entire life cycle of products and practices is critical for understanding the broader implications of human activities on sustainability. This study explores the cradle-to-grave impacts of two distinct systems: vehicle emissions and crop rotation practices. By employing life cycle assessment (LCA)...

The presence or absence of lichen species is an indication of ecosystem health, which can be related to the quality of air within the environment. Lichens play a key role in the cycling of nutrients and soil formation, as well as the provision of habitats and energy sources for various invertebrates, bird species and mammals as well as supporting m...

Aerosol optical depth (AOD) is a crucial parameter for understanding the impact of aerosols on Earth's atmosphere and air quality. However, existing remote sensing methods mostly rely on the shortwave spectrum, which does not allow measurements at nighttime. In this study, we made a first attempt to retrieve AOD from ground-based microwave radiomet...

Air pollution poses a critical challenge to environmental sustainability, public health, and urban planning. Accurate air quality prediction is essential for devising effective management strategies and early warning systems. This study utilized a dataset comprising hourly measurements of pollutants such as PM2.5, NOx, CO, and benzene, sourced from...

Hospital construction projects are resource-intensive and require careful management of environmental factors, including air quality, energy use, and waste production, to ensure sustainable practices. The integration of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies in the construction supply chain offers new opportunities for real-time monitoring and manag...

Biomass burning and urban emissions are major contributors to poor air quality throughout Southeast Asia. Understanding these emissions is critical for predicting and mitigating their health impacts. The Cloud, Aerosol and Monsoon Processes Philippines Experiment (CAMP2Ex) field project in 2019 focused on regional sources in Southeast Asia and thei...

Due to the rise in temperature, strong UV radiations, degradation in air quality and extreme atmospheric changes serious public health concerns are seen. All the changes are affecting eye health leading to ocular diseases such as glaucoma, cataracts, dry eye syndrome, allergic conjunctivitis, age related macular degeneration and pterygium. This pap...

Particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 µm or less (PM2.5) poses significant health risks, necessitating comprehensive exposure assessment. Long-term community monitoring can provide representative exposure levels for environmental epidemiological studies. This study deployed nine research-grade low-cost sensors (AS-LUNG-O) for 3.5 y...

This project investigates air quality patterns and the effectiveness of forecasting models within Metropolitan Mumbai. Mumbai is a coastal city which makes the climate and meteorological conditions unique to the region. Various factors such as humidity, temperature affect the AQI of this populated city. One of the objectives of this project is to f...

Due to the rise in temperature, strong UV radiations, degradation in air quality and extreme atmospheric changes serious public health concerns are seen. All the changes are affecting eye health leading to ocular diseases such as glaucoma, cataracts, dry eye syndrome, allergic conjunctivitis, age related macular degeneration and pterygium. This pap...

Formaldehyde is the most abundant carbonyl globally and the biggest driver of cancer risk in the United States among hazardous air pollutants. Ambient formaldehyde concentration measurements are generally sparse due to high measurement costs and limited measurement infrastructure. Recent studies have used low-cost air quality sensors to affordably...

Air quality deterioration, particularly the suspension of particulate matter over large urban areas, has emerged as a significant environmental concern. This issue, exacerbated by urbanization, industrialization, human activities, and climate change, poses serious health risks to populations. The present study proposes a hybrid BiGRU-1DCNN model to...

This study represents the first investigation into the pollution characteristics and sources of atmospheric carbonaceous aerosols in the high-altitude region of Taibai Mountain in the Qinling Mountains during the winter season. Atmospheric particulate matter (PM2.5) samples were collected from December 2019 to February 2020. The OC/EC ratio, princi...

Isoprene is a reactive hydrocarbon emitted to the atmosphere in large quantities by terrestrial vegetation. Annual total isoprene emissions exceed 300 Tg a⁻¹, but emission rates vary widely among plant species and are sensitive to meteorological and environmental conditions including temperature, sunlight, and soil moisture. Due to its high reactiv...

The indoor climate quality in classrooms at the University of Coimbra, Portugal, was investigated as part of the 3SqAir project, supported by the Interreg SUDOE program. This research focused on two equipped classrooms with different ventilation systems: natural and mechanical ventilation. Both classrooms were continuously monitored for IEQ paramet...

Wildfire activity has become one of the most sensational and urgent issues in the United States after the Tornadoes event. Overviewing the chronological data of the past 24 years, it has been observed that wildfires have increased in severity, frequency and intensity, posing serious detrimental impacts on the health of humankind, and ecological dis...

Urban traffic congestion remains a critical challenge affecting commute times, fuel efficiency, and air quality. This project presents a data-driven approach to traffic flow optimization by dynamically adjusting traffic signal timings based on real-time vehicle density across multiple lanes. Utilizing computer vision techniques, such as YOLO-based...

Environmental contamination research has been quite interesting in bioindicators recently. The basic objective of bioindicator research is to find species that can reliably detect environmental disturbances and demonstrate how those disturbances affect other species or biodiversity as a whole. Since they frequently come into contact with the harmfu...

With the rapid growth of data generation, advancements in functional data analysis have become essential, especially for approaches that handle multiple variables at the same time. This paper introduces a novel formulation of the epigraph and hypograph indices, along with their generalized expressions, specifically designed for multivariate functio...

Understanding aerosol characteristics and their influence on cloud condensation nuclei is essential for clarifying the connections between regional air pollution and global climate change. Asian continental outflows, laden with significant anthropogenic emissions, can profoundly affect local air quality. This study examines local pollution (LP) and...

This article focuses on the creation of green routes in the region of Attica, with the aim of promoting sustainable development and holistic urban regeneration. Green routes combine environmental, social and economic dimensions to create more resilientand vibrant cities. By integrating natural elements and green spaces into the urban fabric,greenwa...

SIG poluição atmosférica regiões metropolitanas RESUMO O aumento da concentração de poluentes atmosféricos é uma realidade em muitas cidades do mundo, principalmente devido ao desenvolvimento industrial e ao aumento do número de veículos automotores. É importante a averiguação de estratégias para desenvolver políticas públicas de prevenção de desse...

Atmospheric aerosol nucleation is an extremely complex chemical process that produces aerosols directly from gas phase species, impacting air quality, human health, and climate. Current understanding of urban aerosol nucleation processes is based on the findings made mostly in Chinese mega-cities, but it is not clear the proposed sulfuric acid-amin...

Mapping air pollution at high spatial resolution is essential for understanding, managing, and mitigating the adverse impacts of air pollution. Current air pollution monitoring approaches suffer from limited spatial coverage and resolution. Artificial intelligence holds great promise for tackling these challenges, yet its application in air polluti...

Nitrogen dioxide (NO2), a significant urban pollutant, is a primary component of vehicular emissions that impacts air quality around highway infrastructure. Effective monitoring of NO2 near toll stations is essential for advancing sustainable transportation and air quality management. This study leverages data from the TROPOMI instrument aboard the...

Urban Heat Island (UHI) effects intensify heat stress, energy use, and poor air quality in rapidly urbanizing cities like Lagos. This study investigates the potential of green facades as a sustainable UHI mitigation strategy through a qualitative approach involving literature review, secondary climatic data, and comparative case studies. The analys...

Air quality assessment is a significant facror of environmental management, addresting the grwoing concens of air pollutants and its impact on human health, ecosystems, aanc climate.

The COVID-19 pandemic lockdown provided an unprecedented opportunity to examine changes in India’s air quality following abrupt reductions in anthropogenic emissions, particularly from transportation, industry, and construction. While many studies reported substantial pollution declines during the lockdown, most focused exclusively on this period,...

Purpose Agricultural biomass burning is a major source of seasonal PM 2.5 emissions in Southeast Asia. Monitoring this pollution remains challenging due to its large spatial extent and the fragmented, small-scale nature of emission sources. This study evaluates the usability of aerosol products from the Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrom...

The EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM), as the world's first carbon tariff rule, exerts complex and multifaceted impacts on export-oriented enterprises in developing countries and their local environmental quality. Based on theories of environmental regulation, carbon leakage, and international trade, this paper constructs a dual-effect t...

Estimating criteria pollutants is crucial due to their continuous increase and impact on respiratory health. To mitigate the impact of air pollution on human health, it is essential to understand the concentration of air pollutants at specific locations. This study aims to evaluate the variation, estimate the levels of criteria pollutants, and asse...

Since the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were proposed, China has adopted diverse strategies to accelerate their realization. However, most studies on SDGs focus predominantly on national or provincial levels, overlooking the dynamic changes and unique challenges at the local level. Given the substantial disparities in regional development...

Chromatographic gas analysis is a highly effective and precise technique for detecting and quantifying hydrocarbons in complex gas mixtures. This study explores the application of gas chromatography (GC) in the identification and measurement of various hydrocarbon species, ranging from methane to heavier alkanes, in environmental, industrial, and l...

In this study, we use an earth system model with detailed atmospheric chemistry (EMAC v2.55.2) to undertake simulations of hydrogen (H2) atmospheric dynamics. Long-term simulations were performed globally with a horizontal resolution of 1.9 degrees with results being compared with observational data from 56 stations in the National Oceanic and Atmo...

The assessment of air pollution is an important and relevant issue that requires continuous monitoring and control, especially in urban spaces. However, using instrumental air quality measurement techniques and deploying meters throughout the city is extremely expensive, so a biological alternative can be used-a bioindicator, i.e., a species whose...

Individuals experiencing homelessness are highly vulnerable to urban environmental hazards, such as heat and air pollution, due to a lack of stable housing and limited access to indoor or cooled spaces. These risks are heightened for older adults and individuals with preexisting health conditions. With intensifying summer heat in the American South...

Atmospheric aerosols significantly contribute to air pollution and influence atmospheric chemistry, impacting air quality and public health. Decrease in aerosols can hinder the radical uptake sink of HO2, and thus increase NOx and OH, and subsequently increase ozone levels. This study investigates the seasonal variations of PM10 and aerosol surface...

Elephant migration is essential for preserving biodiversity, but accurately predicting their movement patterns is challenging due to the influence of environmental, human, and ecological factors. This research introduces a machine learning-based approach to predict elephant migration routes between Bandipur National Park and Wayanad Wildlife Sanctu...

Existing literature mostly focused on the relationship between freight and standard of living of individual countries (Leite et al., 2022; Sarram & Ivey, 2017). Moreover, many studies merely emphasized the impact of air freight and air quality (Facanha & Horvath, 2007; Ramani, Jaikumar & Charman, 2019), but not the overall quality of living of huma...

Shrimp farming in the coastal area has impacts on the soil, water, air, fish habitats, agricultural farmland, grazing land, indigenous fish, household vegetation, land fertility, and mangroves. The objectives of the study were to assess the socio-economic status of the shrimp farmers and understand the environmental impact of shrimp farming in coas...

High time‐ and mass‐resolution measurements of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) using proton‐transfer‐reaction‐time of flight‐mass spectrometry were conducted in Ahmedabad metropolitan city in India during the summer (April–May) of 2014. The concentrations of aromatic VOCs were lower than in winter (January 2014), whereas acetaldehyde and acetone...

Climate change and air pollution are two of the world’s most pressing issues that have a major impact on ecosystems and human health. The aim of this study is to create an internet of things-based air quality monitoring system that can identify pollutants such as CO2, NO2, and PM2.5 in real-time. The system that notifies users via a mobile applicat...

An important aspect of modelling is the choice of descriptor variables. This study extended typical modelling of PM 10 concentrations based on meteorological parameters with additional variables related to the spatial characteristics of the environment. Meteorological parameters have smaller spatial gradients, while land cover is point-specific. Da...

Plain Language Summary In this work, we used Particle Swarm Optimization, an artificial intelligence algorithm, to improve the accuracy of an atmospheric chemical model. Particle swarm optimization mimics the behavior of a flock of birds. Each “particle” represents a set of parameters that can be tuned to optimize the model. The particles are rando...

Air pollution i greatly increased over the years, mainly due to increased exposure to environmental pollutants in urban areas, resulting in a steep increase in related healthcare costs. Asthma and COPD, both worsened by air pollution, have put a growing strain on healthcare systems through higher rates of hospitalization, long-term treatments and m...

Real-time, efficient, and accurate air quality anomaly detection is of significant practical importance for traffic navigation and smart cities. Traditional unsupervised deep autoencoders (AE) often struggle to capture the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of air quality anomaly data. Anomaly reconstruction errors are frequently underestimated, and rely...

Exposure to charcoal biomass (CB) pollutants affects the cardiorespiratory system. We assessed cardiopulmonary responses (CPR) to exercise in charcoal producers (CPs) compared to farmers and evaluated the prevalence of exercise‐induced bronchoconstriction (EIB). Forty‐five CPs and 36 farmers, healthy males aged 23–39, completed a 15‐m Incremental S...

Poor air quality within hospitals can contribute to a range of health issues, collectively known as sick hospital syndrome, encompassing respiratory, skin, and nonspecific symptoms. Aspergillus poses a significant risk of severe respiratory infections, particularly within intensive care unit (ICU) patients often with compromised immune systems. Thi...

Understanding the interaction of anthropogenic and biogenic emissions around large urban agglomerations remains an important question for atmospheric research and the key question of the ACROSS (Atmospheric Chemistry of the Suburban Forest) project. ACROSS is based on an intensive field campaign in the Paris area, including ground-based measurement...

This article analyses the relationship between PM10 concentrations inside and outside two schools in Barreiro, Portugal: Primary School No. 5 and D. Luís Mendonça Furtado Basic School. The main objective was to understand the impact of external and internal sources on indoor air quality (IAQ) in school environments. Monitoring campaigns were carrie...

Extreme strong winds (ESWs) can pose a threat to human safety, influence air quality, and affect wind power generation, thus necessitating an urgent exploration of the long-term variations in ESWs under global warming. However, compared with studies focused on the mean surface wind speed, studies focused on ESW variations in China remain limited. H...

This study aims to assess the effectiveness of various Machine learning based models in predicting the Air Quality Index (AQI) for Gurugram City, India. The Air Quality Index (AQI) pertains to many Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), mainly those associated with health, sustainable urban development, and climate action. This analysis utilize tree...

The Siberian High (SH) dominates the wintertime atmospheric circulation over East Asia which strongly modulates the concentration of particulate matter ≤ 2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5) in the region. While the SH exhibits considerable day-to-day variations, previous studies have focused on its seasonal and interannual effects rather than its short-term...

Anthropogenic (ANTHRO) and biomass burning (BB) emissions are major contributors to ambient air pollution, with the latter playing a particularly dominant role in nonurban regions. India has experienced a dramatic deterioration in air quality over the past few decades, but no systematic assessment has been conducted to investigate the individual co...

This paper aims to present research focused on fostering digital skills and data literacy in grammar schools through the teaching of the topic “Climate Change” during chemistry lessons. In the first phase, a set of four methodologies was developed – Earth’s Climate System, Monitoring air quality, Acid rains and their impact on the environment, Gree...

According to WHO, almost 3 billion people rely on solid fuel burning containing pollutants (i.e., CO, NO & PMs) and thus have increased risk of COPD, chronic bronchitis & lung cancer. Our research aims to help rectify this situation to provide information on current situation of this issue in AJK. The study was conducted on 168 houses having male-f...

This research examines the fog conditions in Delhi, India, for the winter season of December 2023–January 2024 (D–J). Known for its severe air quality challenges, Delhi experiences frequent and intense fog episodes during winter season, significantly affecting transportation, public health, and daily routines. The analysis is mainly based on data f...

Located across Shandong, Henan, Jiangsu, and Anhui provinces, the Nansi Lake region has prominent ecological environment characteristics. Moreover, the Nansi Lake is a vital regulation and storage lake in the China South-to-North Water Diversion Eastern Route Project. Studying the characteristics of short-term temperature fluctuations in the Nansi...

This study investigates indoor and outdoor air quality in residential and health center settings in Ikere-Ekiti, Nigeria, utilizing low-cost sensors and the Average Hourly Dose per Day (AHD) metric to assess daily exposure to key air pollutants. The research addresses the novel aspect of examining both residential and healthcare environments, offer...

Emission control catalysts are the primary means of mitigating automobile exhaust pollution, and diverse catalysts have been developed, including TWC, MOC, ASC, DOC, NDC, and others. To further decrease vehicle emissions and enhance overall air quality, continuous upgrades of these catalysts are necessary. The methodologies and standards for evalua...

Heavy metals (HMs) in PM2.5 have been extensively studied for their toxicity and carcinogenic risk. In this study, the toxicity and spatial health risks of PM2.5-HMs from on-road vehicles were investigated in the Xiamen-Zhangzhou-Quanzhou (XZQ) metropolitan area in southeast China in 2021. The results show that the emissions of PM2.5 and PM2.5-HMs...

Short-term control measures are often implemented during major events to improve air quality and protect public health. In preparation for the 11th National Traditional Games of Ethnic Minorities of China (denoted as “NMG”), held from 8 to 16 September 2019 in Zhengzhou, China, the authorities introduced several air pollution control measures, incl...

Airborne particulate matter is a major pollutant globally due to its impact on atmospheric processes and human health. Depending on their aerodynamic size, particles can penetrate the respiratory system, with ultrafine particles (UFPs) reaching the bloodstream and affecting vital organs. This study investigates the particle number size distribution...