Africa - Science topic

This paper analyses the English language proficiency requirement in Finnish universities on the basis of efficacy and neocolonialism. The paper further explores the level of understanding of the admission staff in Finland, on the significance of English language in the admission process in Finland. The paper illuminates hidden fallacies through for...

The Centre for Social and Environmental Accounting Research (CSEAR) has held annual congresses in the UK (formerly referred to as the Summer School) for about three decades now, and in other regions of the world such as Europe, Australia, New Zealand, Asia, and South and North America. Similar to other CSEAR conferences, the 1st CSEAR Africa Confe...

This symposium presents an opportunity to convene a multidisciplinary scientific community from April 25 to 27, 2024, to discuss scientific research on climatology and climate change in Africa, and its relationship with social, economic, and political emergencies. The AMC intends to use this symposium to increase awareness among decision-makers abo...

Habitat fragmentation is one of the main threats to biodiversity in Africa. In this article,we highlight the importance of conserving the Guinean forests of West Africa, which arerich in biodiversity and endemism but threatened by habitat loss, degradation and frag-mentation. The size of forest patches is critical, with larger fragments containing...

The book "Multilingualism in Mathematics Education chronicles current research in different linguistic contexts across the African continent on issues of language diversity (or multilingualism) in the teaching and learning of mathematics, but more importantly, it foregrounds pertinent issues for mathematics education research in the next decades th...

Motivated by the dearth of evidence, we examine the impact of monetary policy communication on inflation expectations in Africa. Employing text-mining techniques to analyse the monetary policy statements of six African central banks, we compute a novel index of monetary policy communication (MPCI) using the extracted word counts, readability, senti...

Tree clearing and degradation inside and outside forest ecosystems in Africa are important contributors to global carbon budget and emissions. Part of the uncertainties in emission estimates, among other things, is related to the non-inclusion of disturbances across all tree-based systems and limitations in the capacity of existing methodologies to...

ينظم مخبر أنثروبولوجيا الأديان ومقارنتها (فرقة أنثروبولوجيا الفن) وبالتنسيق مع جامعة غرب إيريفو (دولة مدغشقر) وبمشاركة مخبر الفنون والدراسات الثقافية وفرقة البحث التكويني الجامعي: "المخيال في الممارسات الفنية: دراسة في مرجعية الاشتغال ومقاربة في التفكير"، الملتقى الدولي الموسوم بـ "عوالم أنثروبولوجية في فنون إفريقيا: ملامح لثقافات متعددة لشعوب متجذ...

This paper attempts to look at the constraints that are undermining NEPAD as an instrument for good governance and democracy in Africa. The paper draws data from existing literature on African politics and experience with the democratization process. Current African experience with the practice of democracy has also been explored. What became very...

Tanzanian Heritage, Sites, and Museums Indian Ocean, East Africa, Swahili Join us as we delve into African cultures and heritage. The speakers will present Africa’s contribution to world history by exhibiting World Heritage Monuments, Museums, and architectural treasures from Tanzania. Sites and monuments are physical representations of history, he...

In this chapter, I examine how Africanfuturism performs decolonial dreamwork, daring to invent futures for Africans by Africans in ways that reconceptualize development as rebellion. Naijamerican author Nnedi Okorafor coined the term Africanfuturism to refer to creative work that “leaves the earth, skews optimistic, is centered on and predominantly...

Postgraduate quality management can be carried out from two approaches: the first, (competitive) is based on compliance with academic, scientific and administrative standards, and the positioning of universities in world lists of best institutions; the second (humanist-social) in the commitment of the universities with the solution of the problems...

The environmental history literature relates a persistent separation and opposition between two ways of knowledge related with fish degradation. On one side, there is the local empirical knowledge embedded in daily practice and interaction with the aquatic ecosystems, that enables fisherman to catch the fish. On the other side, we have the expert k...

The Red Sea serves a main role in the international economy with cargo containers travelling between the Indian Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, thus shortening the route between Asia and Europe as compared to travelling around Africa via the Atlantic Ocean. In addition to this increases development in the regions around it. These aspects impelled...

In Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), the challenge of widespread electricity access, especially in rural areas, persists, with approximately half the population lacking basic electricity services. To tackle this issue, decentralized energy resource (DER) technologies, including solar home systems and micro/mini-grids, have gained prominence , aiming to rev...

Human mobility has grown into one of the most emotive and controversial subjects of contemporary society. While the concepts of diaspora and transnationalism have served as prominent research lenses through which to study migrants at destination, the complex nature of irregular migrants’ life at destination has left these classical theoretical lens...

The effects of basement structure and tectonics on the pattern of sedimentation over the western continental margin of Southern Africa since the time of continental break-up are discussed. For the purposes of this paper the margin is divided into three bathymetric provinces: north bf 28°S, 28°S to 32,SoS and south of 32,SoS. The southern province h...

This is a scoping review design. To examine and map the available literature related to ABR E. coli surveillance in Africa based on the One Health approach, the researchers will conduct the study using the steps outlined in Joanna Briggs Institute Scoping Review Methods (Peters et al., 2020). The protocol will then be implemented and reported accor...

Når det regnar i Afrika. Ei bok om vêr og klimaendringar [When it rains in Africa. A book about weather and climate change] is a non-fiction picture book for children written by Erna Osland and illustrated by Per Ragnar Møkleby. This book is included in the UN’s sustainability library for the age group 6-12 years. On the left-hand side of each doub...

Financial inclusion remains a major concern for African countries. Not having access to financial services has significant individual consequences and weighs on economic development as a whole. Although technology is considerably accelerating the movement thanks to mobile money, it cannot alone solve the problem. One in two Africans does not have a...

Our multi-faceted Peruvian artist, Victoria Santa Cruz Gamarra, as a humanist agent and anti-racist pedagogue, has felt, thought, acted, and fought with her eyes riveted on Africa, staging the umbilical cord that linked her to the heart and knowledge of her ancestors in an American nation already liberated from colonial yokes. With what artistic fo...

الملخص: عانت دول منطقة غرب افريقيا من بيئة مليئة بالتهديدات األمنية والنزاعات موترة وفي حقبة اظهرت تراجع في اسهامات األمم المتحدة في افريقيا بعد نهاية الحرب الباردة, فقد دعت الحاجة وزاد االدراك لمنظمة اإليكواس لتطوير دورها السياسي واألمني, ومنه تبنت نظام االمن الجماعي إلجل تعزيز السلم واألمن في المنطقة وادارة ومنع النزاعات فيما بين دول المنطقة ب...

The genus Brachydeutera Loew, 1862 comprises a small group of Acalyptratae flies belonging to the subfamily Ephydrinae of the family Ephydridae. So far, 16 described species have been recorded worldwide, and although the genus occurs in all fauna regions, it is most diverse in the subtropics and tropics, particularly in Africa and Asia. This genus...

Allometric urban scaling law quantifies disproportional relationships between urban indicators and city size, which has been reported across developed countries and parts of the global south, but its applicability in Africa is neglected. Here, taking built-up areas derived from remote sensing in more than 7000 African agglomerations in 2015 as exam...

The chronology and hominin association of the South Asian Middle Palaeolithic have attracted much attention in the last few decades. The emergence of Middle Palaeolithic culture in the region has been debated between the local origins (behavioural change) model based on an early date around 380 ka and the diffusion (biological change) model based o...

This study examined the impact of foreign religions such as Christianity and Islam on African culture in Igboland of eastern Nigeria. African traditional religion was practiced in Africa before the advent of any other religion. It encourages solidarity, goodness, and communalism. Before the coming of Christianity and Islam in Africa, Africans lived...

Christ’s headship and lordship are prominent themes in Paul’s letters. This chapter explores the way in which leadership within the Christian community functions within a church structure of which Christ is the head. Paul’s perception of leadership flows forth from a high Christology in which even the highest positions of responsibility in the chur...

Ethnic disharmony exists among the people of Ghana. What are the reasons for this? Ghana is an amalgamation of different ethnic groups, cultures, peoples and states to form one entity. The partition of Africa is mainly responsible for this, though there are other contributing factors. The project to partition Africa led, in large measure, to the er...

Introduction Soil moisture (SM) is crucial for regulating vegetation productivity and sustaining plant growth. Understanding the linkage between SM and vegetation activity is paramount in eco-hydrology modeling and meteorological applications. CYGNSS, one of the most commonly spaceborne GNSS-R missions with publicly available data, has the advantag...

This study addresses a notable gap in the climate change literature by examining the potential of artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI–ML) in urban climate change adaptation and sustainable development across major global continents. While much attention has been given to mitigation strategies, this study uniquely delves into the AI–ML’...

The study examined the Tax policies and tax compliancy of Vision Africa. The study shall assess the tax policies in Vision Africa, examined out if tax payers are aware of all their tax obligations and policies and to analyze the problems affecting tax payers and their business. A case study research design was employed and a sample size of seventy...

This chapter is presented as a summative reflection on the collective re-imagining of leadership in post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Africa. Leadership in Africa has historically proven to be one of Africa's most intriguing and enduring challenges. The COVID-19 pandemic has, in many ways, exacerbated Africa's challenges, calling for revisit...

This study investigated the influence of banking sector on economic growth in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) during the post financial crises of 2007/2008. In the last one and the half decades, most SSA countries have made remarkable strides in terms of the development of their banking sectors as well as enacting policies that will boost Africa’s economi...

social media platforms provide a vast network for Africans to connect with individuals who have already migrated successfully.

Tecnologias africanas foram desenvolvidas em 6000 anos de civilizações africanas construindo espaços econômicos regionais e cidades. Esse livro é uma introdução ao conjunto de tecnologias desenvolvidas a partir da África para o mundo. Foram tecnológica que também foram transmitidas para a formação econômica do Brasil pelos escravizados africanos qu...

Objective To evaluate the acceptability of traditional Zambian dishes fortified with Complementary Food for Africa+Dried Fish Powder (ComFA+Fish), a locally sourced protein/micronutrient blend designed to impact nutrient deficiencies among infants and young children (IYC) and improve pregnancy and birth outcomes among women of reproductive age (WRA...

Background: The female breast is an important organ of lactation consisting of network of ducts and lobules. Breast disorders can be malignant or benign. Prevention remains a fundamental strategy in the control of breast cancer. Therefore, screening and early detection play important roles in the treatment and prognosis of breast cancer. The knowle...

Corruption in Public Services is as old as the history of any country in Africa. While the proponent of the war against corruption in Africa has concluded that corruption is another pandemic that has no geographical border and an ugly facet of every society hindering an effective and sound public service delivery at all aspects of civil servants' e...

Witch hunting is a dark and complicated historical phenomenon that has lasted several centuries and taken diverse forms around the world. We will look at the stages of witch-hunting and whether it was a gender-neutral practise or one that primarily targeted women in this in-depth debate. This issue dives into a wide range of historical, societal, a...

This paper investigates digital inequalities in usage within African informal sectors. In particular, we examine whether the uneven digital diffusion is embedded in pre‐existing socio‐economic inequalities. After identifying three segments of informal firms, we rely on multivariate and decomposition analyses to identify predictors of usage of digit...

A centimeter-sized fragment of dunite, the first recognized fragment of Moon mantle material, has been discovered in the lunar highlands breccia meteorite Northwest Africa (NWA) 11421. The dunite consists of 95% olivine (Fo83), with low-Ca and high-Ca pyroxenes, plagioclase, and chrome spinel. Mineral compositions vary little across the clast and a...

This publication advances theological perspectives on the re-imagination of leadership within a post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) African context. Since the effects of COVID-19 are felt on various levels of society, which includes the believing community, a need was identified to provide guidance to leaders on various levels. However, the ne...

Purpose: This article sought to understand the reasons for military coups in West Africa Since 1990. With this, we would be able to assess their effects and the obstacles these coups present to democracy in West Africa. It is clear that military takeovers have posed a constant threat to democratic rule in West Africa. There are many different reaso...

Background Home deliveries, where most births take place, are significantly responsible for the majority of maternal mortality. In order to develop appropriate policies and methods that could aid in addressing the issue, it is important to understand the scope of home delivery and its determinants in developing countries. Therefore, this study aims...

[Full text available at the doi above] This volume, Linguistic Atlas of Asia and Africa, Volume III, is a sequel to Linguistic Atlas of Asia, Hituzi Syobo, Tokyo, 2021. This volume covers 'system of 'sibling' terms', 'alignment', and 'numeral systems'. In addition to these chapters, the volume contains bibliographical information on the data source...

This study explores the current state of industrialisation in Africa and the effect of stagnating and early deindustrialisation on the continent. We then present a manufacturing Push scenario that shows the powerful potential of industrialisation to drive economic development and improve the livelihoods of African people.

Background Innovative approaches are needed to increase lay health workers in HIV programs. The Youth Health Africa (YHA) program is a novel approach that places young adults seeking work experience in one-year internships in health facilities to support HIV-related programming (e.g., HIV testing) or administration (e.g., filing). Methods We imple...

Leadership praxis, development and succession can become a bloody battlefield in Africa, mainly because of economic, cultural, theological and political factors. Just like some secular leaders who fail to serve their mandate paradoxically fight for further conquest and retention of power at all costs, certain spiritual leaders miscarry Christian le...

The scheduled tribes of India are the aboriginal people of the country. They represent the oldest ethnological groups of India’s national population referred to as Adivasis or original inhabitants. They are considered as original inhabitants of the land. They represent their own traditional culture, habitation and customs. India has one of the larg...

One of the major reasons adduced by the military junta in the recent waves of coup-d’etat experienced in Africa and some West-Africa sub-region was floored election process hence the need for geo-enabled election process that is vivid. The aim of this article is to geo-enabled the entire election process by delineating and standardizing electoral C...

In both healthcare and education, for example, Rajkumar, E., Gopi, A., Joshi, A. (2023) observed that digital technology can eliminate the need for physical infrastructure and reduce operational costs.

The information, communication, and technology (ICT) are two interconnected topics that are crucial in today's digital age. In today's world ICT has become an essential tool for communication, education, and economic growth. Access to the internet has become a basic human right, with more than half of the world's population using it, and infrastruc...

Theological training and christian education in Africa and all over the World

Communal bonding was commonplace in African societies in the pre-colonial period and the traditional rulers were veritable agents that ensured the viability of the cord of fraternity between and among different interests, groups, and families in the pre-colonial period. While it is trite to say that colonial rule succeeded in dislocating the agency...

A contribuição de Valnides Araujo Costa leva o título “Contágio narrativo Representação midiática de África no YouTube” e aponta na direção de como a narrativa midiática representa o território de África pelo viés da polaridade da notícia, testando quatro hipóteses acerca de variáveis explicativas, ou preditoras da polaridade e da representação. Co...

Abstract The northward migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) is a significant feature of the West African (WA) monsoon. An accurate simulation of ITCZ migration is essential for the realistic representation of WA precipitation in global coupled models. In this study, we employ the energetics and dynamics framework with a subset of...

The givens of human existence are the same for all human beings in the world. The realities of birth, terminal sickness and death are immutable packages which are part and parcel of human existence. The realities of birth: choice of parents, choice of place of birth, choice of date of birth, choice of nationality, genotype (personality make-up) and...

Managing tax compliance issues proved to be a complex administrative task for many developing countries, especially in Africa. These challenges lie in conceptual definition of tax compliance and noncompliance. Randlane (2015) complains that the absence of universal definition for tax compliance and tax noncompliance makes it difficult to differenti...

The population and governments of many countries are losing interest in the SARS-CoV-2 infection, the number of tests and the number of new cases detected is sharply decreasing. To compare the accumulated numbers CC of cases and deaths DC per million and to answer the question why the less vaccinated Africa has accumulated 36 times lower CC values...

Westernisation and globalization have almost eroded this culture and left in their trail an alien culture of conflict resolution which, in most cases, is at variance with our African ethics and cultural values. The replacement of our grand African methods of conflict resolution with the European methods of conflict resolution has particularly done...

Education dilemma in Africa is the net effect breakdown of structures, superstructures and value-education. Education is a culture which transmits values. The values of a culture refer to core-elements of a culture which a people are ready to live or die for. Core-elements of a culture are the immutable elements of a culture. Value-Education is a t...

This paper examines preverbal clitic clusters in the Tanzanian Rift Valley, an area of high linguistic diversity with representatives of the Bantu, Cushitic, and Nilotic families, as well as Sandawe (possibly a distant member of the Khoi-Kwadi family), and the language isolate Hadza. An earlier work (Kießling, Roland, Maarten Mous & Derek Nurse. 20...

The mother continent Africa is known for its various, multiple, and repeated instabilities, the rationale being the great hope and desire for the permanence, fixity, stability, lasting or enduring things that characterize human beings. Irrespective of how great and noble this hope and desire might be, one should admit that permanence or stability i...

Scrub typhus, an age old disease, is caused by the intracellular bacterium Orientia tsutsugamushi. It has reemerged in recent years due to factors like climatic changes and human encroachment because of rampant urbanization. The disease is endemic in the area known as the ‘tsutsugamushi triangle’ and has recently spread its fangs into various other...

Focusing on Wagner Group (WG) forces, liberal interveners too readily dismiss the scope of WG’s Africa engagements, including economic and political “flows” that, in combination, challenge liberal interveners’ taken-for-granted access in several states on the African continent. Operationalising the notion of “flows,” we present an analysis that for...

The population and governments of many countries are losing interest in the SARS CoV-2 infection, the number of tests and the number of new cases detected is sharply decreasing. To compare the accumulated numbers CC of cases and deaths DC per million and to answer the question why the less vaccinated Africa has accumulated 36 times lower CC values...

Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar ciertas manifestaciones que adquiere el humanitarismo en el control y la regulación de las movilidades por salud en el contexto argentino. A nivel empírico, indaga uno de los usos políticos del visado por salud, desde la figura de «pacientes bajo tratamientos médicos» contenida en la normativa migratoria,...

This paper examined the nexus between religion and intra-state conflicts in Africa with particular reference to the crisis in the Central African Republic (CAR). In early 2013, the rebel coalition Seleka seized power in the war-ravaged country. The country had come under a spiral of conflict forcing almost half of the population to flee. In additio...

African neo-Pentecostal prophets (ANPPs) address the issue of economic powerlessness in un(der)developed regions of Africa by reviving elements of the premodern African magical economy. They use anointed objects, such as anointed water, for economic purposes, while African Traditional Religions (ATR) use magical charms in their economic life. There...

Today, it is commonplace to hear that Africa is the hope of Christianity. Using the Ignatian image of “the angel of light”, this paper proposes to qualify this belief. I will show that this belief is verified quantitively. However, the lack of authentic Christian witness makes the above assertion problematic. My analysis will focus on the tradition...

The European refugee crisis of 2015 unveiled the incapacity of member states to act at a united front. Indeed, the innumerous refugee flows from Asia, mainly Syria, combined with unprecedented numbers of migrants from Africa, have prompted a series of diverse member-state responses, profoundly transforming the European migration policy. The underly...

Beijing appears to be moving on from the discretion and use of soft power tools that characterised a good part of China’s intense relations with Africa over the last two decades. Instead, it is opting for an increasingly political strategy, geared towards safeguarding its interests and funding more productive and strategic sectors in the continent....

This paper enters into a debate of how new and potentially more accessible technologies might affect freedom of expression for heretofore disenfranchised peoples and postcolonial social and political development. This essay examines short films produced on camera phones by amateur African filmmakers for one of the many existent mobile phone film fe...

Innovation could be a core a part of innovation and development corporations, often determined by structure style variables as well as structure, capability for learning, for change and adjustment. Innovation ways have advanced as ways to deal with market agility and creativity inside the improvement associations. In any case, almost no examination...

Más allá de la discreción y el uso de herramientas de soft power, que han caracterizado buena parte de las dos últimas décadas de intensas relaciones entre China y África, Beijing parece estar apostando por una estrategia cada vez más política, orientada a proteger sus intereses en el continente, así como a la financiación de sectores más productiv...

This paper is an examination of community efforts to reconnect through language in Africa. This survey is arranged by geographical area (Northeast Africa, East Africa, Southern Africa, and West Africa) and includes a subsection on the awakening of African writing systems. Cases surveyed include: Coptic, Ge‘ez, Yaaku, Elmolo, Ma'a (Inner Mbugu), Cap...

Africa is currently undergoing the most rapid urbanisation process globally, and this trend is forecast to persist in the coming decades. Many believe that this ongoing rapid urbanisation process is changing the social fabric and reshaping social cohesion. This study explores the theoretical channels through which urbanisation affects social cohesi...

Background Currently, Africa is the region of the world where the highest number of new cases of HIV infection are registered. In 2022, Equatorial Guinea was the Central African country with the highest HIV prevalence (6.9%) and incidence (3.80 per 1,000 amongst the population of all ages). The main objective of this study was to determine the perc...

The chapter focuses on anti-Chinese resentment in Africa: a different angle, but one that also helps put the region’s relationship with the West into perspective. Against the backdrop of a strong Chinese engagement with Africa over the past two decades, there has been an increase in concerns and grievances with Beijing. Although this arises from sp...

Sustainable Development Goal 7 of the United Nations is to achieve universal access to clean, modern and affordable electricity by 2030. However, 600 million people in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) currently do not have access to electricity. As a result of this energy inequality, countries in SSA need to plan electricity systems that provide access in...

This article delves into the intricate use of imitation as a device in Kobina Sekyi's satirical play, The Blinkards. The play's central theme is a scathing critique of the attitudes and behaviours of African elites who mimic European values and customs. The article posits that the practice of imitation is an integral element in perpetuating the sha...

Currently due to experiencing high heat acceleration rate in Africa, analysis of climate extreme indices under future climate scenarios over Awash Basin, Ethiopia, is crucial. Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (Phase 6) models were selected under socioeconomic pathways (SSPs) at near, mid and far future periods to conduct extreme. As a result,...

This book explores the digital marketing landscape within the context of African countries and outlines the challenges faced by small to medium sized enterprises (SMEs) to utilize the capacities brought by digital technologies to serve a global market. The chapters in this handbook examine the opportunities of African SMEs to scale-up their operati...

Background Globally, over 40 million lives have been claimed by HIV/AIDS. In Ghana, more than 350,000 people are living with HIV. Non-disclosure of HIV status is a major barrier to HIV/AIDS eradication; yet, little is known of the determinants of HIV status disclosure in resource limited settings in Africa like Ghana. Objective Determine the predi...

The extent to which dengue virus has been circulating globally and especially in Africa is largely unknown. Testing available blood samples from previous cross-sectional serological surveys offers a convenient strategy to investigate past dengue infections, as such serosurveys provide the ideal data to reconstruct the age-dependent immunity profile...

Motivated by the strategy of economic diversification and the consequent transformations in the tourism and hospitality sector of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) mainly from implementing a long-term vision through the UAE Centennial Plan 2071, the case aims to put students in the role of Jan Schneider, president of the Hilton Hotels for the Middle E...

This study investigated the linkage between fiscal policy-governance indicators interaction and economic growth in 36 Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries from the periods of 2011–2021 inclusive. The study employed two-step system Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) estimation technique due to its practical relevance in panel data analysis. The data o...

Background Febrile illness is still one of the major public health problems in Africa. Although it has been recognised as crucial to identify the non-malarial aetiologies and to better understand their spatial distribution, the evidence is still limited. We aim to predict the prevalence of fever cases among children aged under 5 years in Uganda usi...

Rice, the Burkina Faso's fourth most important cereal in terms of surface area, production and annual per capita consumption, is a staple food. The high demand for rice is far from being met by national production. Several constraints, including weeds, are causing huge yield losses. The aim of this study is to assess the economic impact of innovati...

Public libraries constitute an important part of social life and are crucial for supporting the educational system in any society. However, in many African countries, awareness of the role that public libraries can play in strengthening the social contract is largely unrecognized. This may be partly due to the social background that was/is based on...

The exploration of medicinal plant diversity in Uganda and across Africa holds substantial importance in the realms of ethnobotany, traditional medicine, and modern healthcare. This diversity, deeply rooted in indigenous communities, forms the foundation of traditional healing practices. Conservation of Africa's biodiversity hotspots, coupled with...