Academic Writing - Science topic

... for example

Reviwer #1: Please consider using one figure (e.g., Figure B) ...

Reviwer #2: I would suggest adding a flow so the reader can have a general idea about the platform by looking at Figure B.

Hello dear researcher,

I am very eager to participate in writing part of your research, if possible, and do whatever my scientific ability allows. My favorite topics are plant nutrition, environmental stresses and other aspects of crop physiology. Thank you very much.

I would like to pursue a career as a Biomedical/Scientific communicator and that requires me to get some recognised writing experience before I apply for such a position in any company. I am a current BSc Biomedical Science student graduating next year (summer 2023) but my previous background is science-business related and at a Master's level. I do a lot of academic writing which is outside of the course-related requirements, as I like doing some research and learning more from doing so. I share my findings with work colleagues and relatives only so far and am in process of starting my blog online. Advice is greatly appreciated!

Which tool do you think is easier and more practical when writing your articles? What are your recommendations?

Dear researched,

I read a paper from one well known publisher. Paper is about gestational diabetees. At the age 45+ they found 35 cases of diabetes and 90 women without it. They wrote: ''Te incidence of GDM at age≥45years was as high as 38.89%.'' I would suggest 28%? What do you think?

In addition, I have some question. If something increase from 50 to 200, that is 4 times increase?

What about folds? In my opinion, folds are not same as times? The next article stated in abstract: ''neutralizing antibodies were increased by 10.3–28.9 times at 4 weeks after the booster'' and than in results ''eutralizing antibody GMTs then increased during the 4 weeks after the booster dose until day 237 by 28.9, 10.3, and 11.9-fold". Was this written correctly?

Hello, I'm currently conducting research concerning the effect of social media language on EFL students' academic writing.

Does that make my research descriptive in nature?

And I want to collect data via questionnaires and interviews, does that mean the mixed-methods approach is used?

Finally, the descriptive statistics technique (statistical analysis) is used to analyze the participants’ responses? Could you please tell me if this is accurate?

Thanks in advance.

Hello, I'm currently conducting a study concerning "the effect of netspeak and textism (social media language) on students' academic writing".

I want to know if 1) the impact is positive or negative , and if 2) the target population of my study integrates this language into their academic written assignments (essays).

So, is my research design descriptive, correlational, or exploratory?

Could you help me, please ? I'm confused.

The theme of the above-noted article is comparable to this already published article: An author’s guide to mastering academic writing skills: Discussion of a medical manuscript.

I mean one is not so aware of journals in the discipline of Education and Teaching that may be suited for such scientific content? Or rather journals that bridge the gap between Education and Medicine?

There are various criteria such as high citation, high co-authorship, author reputation, high download or related factors such as publisher reputation, database credibility, journal credibility, and so on. Therefore, what is the most crucial criterion when choosing a scientific paper?

The is a new "fashion" on publishing the protocols of research. I have already published the protocol, including the full description of the materials and methods. Now, I'm preparing the paper with the results but I would like to know if I should rewrite the M&M section, write a short description of the methods, or just simply refer the readers to the previously published protocol. I don´t know what would think of a potential editor or referee if I send them to read another paper. Would you mind giving me some advice?

I am working towards my Ph.D. applications again, and I hit a wall. So, I have a pretty good idea of what I want to research, but I cannot make a clean-cut research question(s) on what I want to research! How can I approach potential supervisors to discuss my research plans with them?

Dear all

I am using the Mendeley, although there are few disadvantages on Mendeley, such as low stability (it crashed frequently), a bad manual adjustment (even when I adjust the format I want, it jumps back to the original formation of default). Some lecturers suggest I can use Endnote instead of Mendeley, but they do not give any reason. I would like to know what the advantages of Endnote are compared to Mendeley. Now, I know there are two advantages of Endnotes. First, more formats can be chosen in Endnote than in Mendeley. Second, there is no limitation for storing documents. Apart from these advantages, are there other advantages? Additionally, there is one huge disadvantage of Mendeley. It is unstable, and the output of the bibliography is not following the detail of documents on Mendeley. I am wondering whether Endnote can improve these problems and whether it is worth 80 pounds or not.

Thank you for your answers in advance.

Chen

Hello everyone

Can you share your experience with me about the literature review? How do you record the studies? How do you create a research matrix and classification the studies? What tools do you use for this purpose? , etc.

Regards

Vahid

I worked for months on writing this paper, but it's been rejected twice. It gives an alternative explanation to the expansion of the universe and gives a hint to quantum gravity, but there is no mathematics to back this idea, although it only needs some basic knowledge to understand. I've also given testable perditions to prove my point. Should I make it public or keep sending it to journals?

I've attached abstract and Introduction of my paper.

Could you please provide any tips or ideas you have for creating the finest meta analysis review on cancer? Rather than writing a review article, I'd like to begin working on a meta analysis.

regards

I intend to understand the common errors in writing Formal emails, understand the difficulties students face in academic writing. What are the common areas that students fail in academic writing? How does Online teaching impact/impair the students' academic writing Skills?

I have noticed several online postings criticizing reviewers but haven’t seen a post appreciating them. Talking more about bad reviewers can give a wrong impression to the young researchers that the majority of the reviewers are bad. Therefore, I thought of sharing my experience.

We have published over 20 papers, and of course, got several rejections. However, I haven’t encountered an unreasonable reviewer yet. A reviewer can occasionally miss a point in a manuscript, but the reviewers repeatedly asked us fair questions and provided meaningful comments.

For example, I have attached one of our recent responses to a reviewer. It can be clearly seen that the reviewer’s comments helped us to significantly improve the quality of the manuscript. That was not an isolated incident. In 3 out of our 5 latest publications, we included a statement like “The insightful comments of the reviewer are gratefully acknowledged” because we believe that the reviewers helped us to improve our manuscripts significantly.

Thank you, reviewers.

Dear RG community,

I have been looking for journals to publish my reviews papers. However, it seems like that the « oldest » way of describing and explaining the subject in its whole idea is not working anymore as we can perfectly see on « old » papers where everything about the subject is covered and described through an exhaustive way, but well explained.

I am not sure if I am wrong, but it seems that the « new « reviews are focusing on adding a lot of references and briefly describing their results about the subject without covering what is really happening and how important the result is to understand the matter and covering the theory as the old ones used to do.

Am I wrong about this new trend or I am looking for wrong journals to publish?

What is the greatest way to avoid plagiarism when writing an academic paper, thesis, or dissertation?

A little over a month ago, I submitted a manuscript to a journal that is part of Springer. The status has never moved beyond "quality check in progress." I havent published with a journal that uses this system, so Im unfamiliar with how long this step usually takes, but a month feels a bit excessive. Is this typical?

I've reached out to the journal twice, and both times I got a canned response, telling me that "they're doing everything they can to move things along."

Hi everyone,

Some time ago I shared my scientific essay with GRIN. They offered me selling hard copy of this work via GRIN site or Amazon and pdf version to download from GRIN. I prepared pdf version of the paper and upload it, but I must admit there was inconsistency between final version active on site and pdf version that I have shared with them - problems with accurate formatting. Even if I selected for free option, little price was set up for downloading the pdf. Each one who wants to upload its own paper, has to agree with conditions, and one of them is that the paper will be active at least for 5 years under agreed conditions.

Still I have doubts if I did wrong or good sharing my essay with them. As a publisher was GRIN suitable choice indeed? What do you think? What experience do you have with this publisher?

Thanks in advance for your reply!

Scientific publications are an integral part of the life of any scientist. Taking into account the orientation of modern science towards international, mainly English-language journals, scientists from countries where

(1) English is not the main language and

(2) a different culture of academic writing has been formed, different from the international one,

faced the problem of adaptation.

Could you share some good open academic writing courses in English?

What are other methods of improving academic writing skills?

Hope to have a good academic discussion going. Thanking all of you in advance for your ideas and comments.

The Statement of Purpose is one of the most misunderstood components of graduate application essays. The majority of students treat it like it's another essay on themselves and, as a result, create mundane material that does not stand out. That is why the university admissions committee places a high value on the statement of purposes and its structure — they want to determine whether we are committed to communicating your desire to study at their university. Could you kindly share your expertise with writing SOPs so that we can determine the most critical components that we should include in particular?

I would like to learn from your experience in order to improve the way we write and to facilitate the method of writing in a way understandable and clear to the reader.

Many interesting topics and controversies are discussed on ResearchGate. There are opinions from experts across the globe. Can these discussions be summarized as an article? Would there be a need for an ethical approval? Is consent required from various contributors?

I am writing a qualitative research paper on EFL graduate students' academic writing challenges in a university in Turkey where English is the medium of instruction. The research instrument is a semi-structured interview, and thematic analysis (TA) will be implemented. Based on what should I choose the sample size? What is the best/ideal sample size to reach the principle of saturation?

So I have been working on a project discussing the various partnerships and collaboration strategies engaged by arts organizations with different stakeholders. Although we've been using partnerships and collaboration almost interchangeably in academic writing, I have some feelings that the two terms are different in practices, or they are related somehow but involving different degrees and types of inter-organizational relationships. I am wondering if anyone can point me to some sources discussing their similarities and differences. They can be cases from the arts and cultural sector or in general. Thanks!

-

It is common to find endless names on many article types, but sometimes we need to stop. Guidelines, journals... Where can you find the definitions of these article types? How many names can you think of? Could you give them a definition?

I will like to start with some of the articles names, can anyone give a definition on them?

I am curious, has anyone had a manuscript go through peer review and have all the reviewers recommend acceptance only to then get rejected by the editor who strongly recommended rejection and no resubmission? I personally wrote the manuscript and there are no issues/activities such as plagiarism or fraud that should warrant a automatic rejection. It seems someone truly just doesn't like me as I can't see how a manuscript could pass pre-screening and then peer review only to get tossed by an editor.

While I plan to just move on and get it accepted in another journal, i was wondering has anyone else had this happen?

thanks for your time

is there a document or video that is quick study to use Mendeley reference management software?

Many thanks

Reviewers play a pivotal role in scholarly publishing. The peer review system exists to validate academic work, helps to improve the quality of published research, and increases networking possibilities within research communities. Despite criticisms, peer review is still the only widely accepted method for research validation and has continued successfully with relatively minor changes for some 350 years (Elsevier, 2021). If you could change something to improve how the peer-reviewed process is traditionally done, what would you change?

Dear all,

I would like to know what methods/modes of constructive feedback on university student-written assignments (ESL) do you find to be most efficient (based on your practice). I would really appreciate it if you could share your expertise with me. Thank you very much in advance.

Kind Regards,

Alexandra.

An abstract is a brief overview of the major points of an article, report, thesis, or proposal. The template for abstract of Emerald Publishing reads, "Purpose, Design/methodology/approach, Findings, and Originality/value". Meanwhile, some Scholars believe that the best format is, "Significance of the study, aim of the study, research methodology, and major conclusion". For abstract indexing and systematic review, accurate abstract is capable to earn good recommendations of Editors, Reviewers, and Readers.

Could you please share your opinion on the subject matter? How best do you believe an abstract should be written?

Hi everyone

Language editing is a major concern for authors who do not have English as their primary language. Problems with grammar, language, and syntax can result in the rejection of manuscripts from international biomedical Journals. The editors and experts often recommend professional editing which can sometimes cost hundreds of dollars. This is not feasible nor affordable for the majority of authors and researchers based in developing countries who do not have sufficient funds or institutional support.

Many online language editing softwares are now available but the better ones have limited functionality for the free version for example Grammarly.

Please share your experience of using online language editing software with their and strengths and shortcomings. I have been Trinka for 4 months now with excellent results and would highly recommend it

It is the world’s first grammar and language enhancement tool is custom-built for academic & technical writing. Its standout features are that it works with the author and goes beyond the grammar and spellcheck to ensure holistic language enhancement.

If you have not tried it yet, Sign up for a free account from this link

Share your experience of other software too

How can you decide the judgment on a specific article whether it is good or not, is your judgment depends on the title of the article or the abstract or the publishing journal or something else?

Please, share us your opinions about the discussion

Thanks

How to publish in Sentiment Analysis/Opinion Mining Journal that do not ask for Reviewer name

Hi everyone,

I'm currently conducting a research project for my MA; long story short there was something wrong with the wording in one section of my questionnaire that made the meaning ambiguous. I've changed it now but the first 15 participants might have been influenced by that wording to answer differently. I'm thinking of doing this:

1. Anyone after the 15th participant will get to answer the edited questions.

2. Some participants who answered the misleading questions have agreed to the second phase of my research, which is either an open-ended survey or oral interview. There, I will ask them to answer the edited questions before proceeding with the 2nd interview.

3. The participants who answered the misleading questions and declined a second interview, I will have to disclose somewhere in my write-up why I'm not including their answers in my analysis.

However, point 3 doesn't feel right to me because I keep thinking it'll affect the analysis of the data. Would it be worth just scrapping that entire section? Also, I wanted to ask if anyone had any tips on how to actually go about writing this up in the report itself?

Thank you for your time.

Please fill this questioner

Hi,

My current qualitative research (for my master thesis) looks at how a company can respond better to scarcity in its supply chain. My theoretical framework consists of the whole supply chain risk management process and defines characteristics that I'm comparing to determine if missing one of the characteristics could explain the success or lack of success. But before I could answer the 'why' it was a success or not, I need to analyze 'if' it was a success.

The company has a lot of data available. I defined a few variables that determine 'success' (e.g., percentage the company can fill regarding customer demand). Is there a methodology that describes how to look at the available data? The closest methodology I could get was descriptive statistics, but I'm not sure if it covers everything I want to do. Can somebody help me with this?

Dear all,

I'm looking for information about the relative distribution of different article types preferably in education / social science journals but basically anything goes. More precisely, I'm interested in what percentage of published papers are reviews, empirical articles, thoretical articles etc. All tips are highly appreciated.

With kind regards,

Dr. Pekka Mertala

Hello, I'm an early career PhD student. When people ask me questions e.g. In conference or lab meeting, even when I know the answer my mind tends to go blank and I say I don't know just to get out of the situation. I used to be good at answering questions and taking time to think and answer , especially during my bachelors degree. As time was gone by I feel I have gotten worse mainly because I am afraid the answer will be ridiculous and made fun of as I have reached a very advanced level where everyone knows what they are talking about. After all these years sometimes I get tired of science in general and have no motivation to read up on my project , so sometimes I genuinely don't know the answers which makes things worse . I used to have a lot of passion which is what put me on this path, but at the moment I'm tired of science which is making it hard to answer peoples questions and i think people are starting to notice. My answers are generally non specific and waffley, and I was wondering if anyone has tips to overcome these problems. I am interested in my project and deep down I love science and wish I could do better and go back to how I used to be and express my answers logically and what is expected at this level. This is especially important for my thesis defense, I need help and tips please on how others process these questions and defend their work. This problem has also started to overflow into my writing where I can't think properly or focus with the overwhelming amount of information.

PROs and CONs in adopting SCOPUS as a source for bibliometric measures of scientific and technical publications?

I have just completed my research/thesis, a "Comparative study on effectiveness of two treatments, joint mobilization and isometric exercises protocol with an additional therapeutic patellofemoral taping protocol, in knee osteoarthritis."

Anyone reading the thesis can get an idea of the topic and the disease and its result. I started with the anatomy of knee, arthro-kinematics, the grading system of Osteoarthritis, the diagnostic criteria, clinical features, and some description of the treatment protocols. I have given proper references to everything I have written as I can't write about anatomy and radiological features by myself... because anatomy doesn't change.

The problem i am facing now is that my research supervisor checked my thesis by putting it in plagiarism software and the software detected above 60% Plagiarism.

I am totally shocked because from Methods and Materials to conclusion, results and discussion everything is written by me. Only anatomy, clinical features etc. are taken from books which I properly cite...

Where have I gone wrong?

I'm using Turnitin Premium, and I'm having trouble with the filtering and settings. I've removed the quotes and bibliography, but how many words should be omitted from excluding sources that are less than...... words to acquire true plagiarised content? Because it can sometimes pick up on two-word scientific words like "Calibration Method," "Air Pollution," and so on. Based on your experience, what values should we set?

Hello!

I am the founder and developer of Refereed: https://refereed.com/

Refereed is a Finnish startup with a mission to make the process of academic writing, peer review, and publishing smooth, convenient, and compliant with open science principles. Up until now, we have been developing the first building block of the platform - the editor for academic writing, which natively supports real-time collaboration, LaTeX, citation management, dynamic references, and lets you focus on writing instead of formatting.

The next steps are one-click preprint publishing and interactive peer review and we are already discussing the options with preprint servers. But before moving further I would like to make sure that our editor delivers the best possible experience for the authors. I am a space scientist myself and I was developing this project according to my needs. But it could easily be the case that I haven't taken into account the specific needs of other research areas.

I kindly ask for your critical feedback about the Refereed editor. Try it out, and let me know what should be done differently in your opinion. I can't express enough how vital your input would be for the project!

You can leave your feedback directly in the editor using the yellow widget, which says "Feedback", or in this discussion thread. I would be happy to engage in a fruitful discussion and perhaps we will come up with some fresh ideas!

Dear Colleagues,

I would like to ask for your opinion on The Academic Times website / portal.

Recently, they contacted me to publish a short note about the research I'm doing. I noticed that the site is quite active on major social networks and describes research conducted by many leading research centers.

I wonder what is the reputation of this website and credibility. Do you know their business model? Actually, very little information about the company itself is available on their website.

Thank you for your help!

Publications

Academic writing

We are often required to list our citation data but we have no protocol about how to collect data from different books or papers if those are not published on the net.

Do you have any method or system to do this? Please explain to me.

I aim at proposing a mindset/method as a supporting tool in an emerging filed... what can be the process of proposing:

1) LR: previous "almost" similar projects have used this mindset, and benefited from it

2) decomposing the current field's aspects/sides

3) "debating" how these components can benefit from this mindset

4) "resulting" that this mindset can be a supporting tool

?

is it a rational and reliable process?

if that field's experts disagree, how should I convince them?

What is the best way to improve the quality of peer reviews for journal articles? In my experience, both as a reviewer and as an author, I have seen great variation in terms of the quality of peer reviews. This leads to inconsistency in terms of the quality of papers published in academic journals. It also leads to fairness problems. While a reasonably good quality article is rejected, sometimes you see a very low quality article appear in the same journal that rejected the former. Some reviewers write very short, hastily put together, thoughtless, and even wrong reviews, and yet, they are still used in the process. Others write extremely wrong reviews, full of inconsistent and fallacious arguments, and they affect the review process. What can be done to prevent this? Shouldn't there be a screening process to determine the eligibility of reviewers for the field that they will review the papers for? Can the reviews be reviewed by other reviewers? I have seen many unfair reviews (in both directions), and the problem is not isolated to certain journals or disciplines.

Sometimes peer reviewers write incorrect comments about your paper, or they disagree with you on some issue, but you know that they are wrong. If you are lucky enough to be given a chance to revise your paper, when you explain that they are wrong, they get defensive and write even worse reviews and change their recommendation to reject. What is the best way to handle this issue? Withdrawing the paper and submitting it to somewhere else? If we have to change our papers according to referee comments, just to have a chance to publish it, then it will be bad for academic discourse. I have seen this too many times that I recognize it as a problem in academic publishing. Unfortunately, people who are not very knowledgeable about an issue volunteer to review papers on that issue and yet, their review reports are given more weight than your rebuttals, when it comes to the decision on your paper. I have never seen a case in which the editor sided with the authors, when there is disagreement between the authors and reviewers. Peer reviewers always have to be satisfied, that is the unestablished rule. This kills plurality of ideas, causes to propagate wrong information, inflates irrelevant citations, inflates the size of papers, reduces the quality of published articles, etc.

I now explore three pedagogical strategies to improve junior high school students' skills in ESL academic writing. The main things I set up now are: lexical resources, grammatical range and accuracy, and coherence and cohesion. Do you think it works? Do you have any better suggestions for me?Thanks！

As all of us are familiar with the different journal ranking systems and requirement conditions, in many cases we meet different kind of fees, charges for publishing our researches. Usually only the submitting and the previewing cost US$ 50-250, which is non-refundable and the paper may be rejected by the editors without being sent for review. Others introduce fees for the publishing US$ 500 -1000 (extra fees for colour graphs, maps etc. or for appeals against a Chief Editor's decision). For good English, they offer some links for the grammar review: US$ 100-200. Besides all of this, they employ embargo for 12-36 months, and ask US$ 600-2500 for open access. I think these fees sometimes unreasonable, so it is hard not to find the business factor behind them.

Does today's western academia encourage Minimalism in academic research? I would argue for yes. It is evident in research limitations and conciseness of writing style. Are PhD theses expected to follow this? What if the researcher was being too broad though making what seems to be like a break through work that is cohesive and well connected with integrated parts?

Would appreciate your views and shared experiences.

How much is too much? And when is less more?

As an inexperienced teacher in the field of online teaching, I have the fear of unconsciously ignoring one of the skills while focusing on not ignoring the other!

Therefore, I wish to make use of your experiences with distance learning/teaching in the field of integrating the four skills-listening, speaking, reading, and writing- in the language course.

Note: the context of teaching is Algeria, hence, some limitations exist concerning the availability of internet and computers.

I'm looking for suggestions on unexplored areas of the intersection between law and information technology, artificial intelligence and, data protection laws to research upon and academic writing.

Since I'm very new to the field, any help in this regard will be godsent.

Can I use the same topic as my master's research for a Ph.D. study? My master’s project turned out to be not so simple as it first looked and the results aren't /weren't as satisfying as I expected.

In my master's thesis, I investigated EFL international graduate students' academic writing challenges and their strategies to cope. However, there is still room for research and in-depth analysis; to have better and more satisfying results.

Any thoughts, please?

Recently, I found an article that has been published in IEEE Access (DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3045008), which is directly copied from a research article of ours (DOI: 10.1007/s00170-019-04213-z). A lot of figures and tables, and the text in body of the paper are same as our published paper. Moreover, most of the data are the same or have been only slightly changed and the text in the finding and discussion section is also mostly identical. We can see the same text with the same references (see the attached file).

Regarding this essential problem we sent an email to the editor handling of the paper. Then, the first author of the paper sent us an email, in which he tried to persuade us to forgive him. In fact, he confessed to committed plagiarism and asked us for mercy. Following reporting the problem to the EIC we received an email from IEEE Access as an investigation outcome as follow. "In the present case, we performed an investigation and discussed the case with the EIC, IEEE Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) and myself. We believe that the article overlap is small enough that it does not warrant any further investigation."

We spent so much time on our paper, and they have just looked at our paper, modified it, and written another one. This is not fair at all. What can we do now? I would appreciate any kind of help.

What are some of the difficulties or disadvantages, if any, of publishing in high impact journals?

Thanks in advance for your participation!

I have had several papers rejected by journals because of an inability of the journal to find reviewers. As an author this is incredibly frustrating as not only do you spend a long time waiting for review but you also do not receive any helpful feedback from the reviewers.

Apart from suggesting reviewers to the Journal, what other strategies could authors use to help in this situation?

My policy and science technology science advisor had one of the biggest impacts on my learning and self reflection of physical science interactions with the behaviors of humankind. For example, The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks illustrated to me that while the intention to promote science and medicine is altruistic, the benefits of resultant outcomes were not equally distributed. More recently, as a mentor as part of an Innovation curriculum If I Understood You, Would I Have This Look on My Face gave me a different perspective of communicating STEM topics.

What books have you found to compliment STEM topics that include policy, social science and or science technology society topics?

Research philosophy is broad concept but , in this context , I mean that which deals with the source, nature and development of knowledge, which inform the level of research objectives, ways in which data about a phenomenon should be collected, required approach to the analyses, advanced "knowledge" being contributed and the mastery of the use of " the field tools" .

Often in practical areas, classical distributions do not provide adequate fit in modeling data, and there is a clear need for the extended version of these classical distributions .

So, should "finding the best link function" (being parts of introducing a New Family of Probability Distribution Function, G(X:{Ø} ), given the baseline distribution X~F(X_i: I=1,2,...,n:{ ø}) be listed research objectives, given the philosophy of Graduate and PHD research program?

Many students are familiar with trying to find free plag check services and running their papers and dissertation work through them. I was wondering if seasoned researchers also run their papers through plagiarism checkers, paid or free. Or do you trust that what you wrote would be plagiarism-free as you have written it honestly? I know many people also raise the concern that plag checkers store your files, while others say that it does not do any practical harm.

I am curious about your stance on this. Do you use plag checks? If yes, which ones?

Thoughts?

What criteria determines whether something should remain in the main text or should become an appendix?

I wrote an article that I sent to be considered for publication for several journals. One prestigious journal rejected the article on the basis that it does not contribute to the common ground of scholarship of the contributors of the journal (they did not say that the article does not fall within their scope).

A second journal accepted the article for the same reason for which it has been rejected by the first journal; one of the reviewers said that the article is not similar to anything in their altitudes and that is why they think it would be a good contribution to the journal.

Where do you think academic journals stand regarding their motives or reasons for accepting and/or rejecting manuscripts? Should a researcher in a certain discipline go after innovation or should s/he go on the steps of those who preceded him?

Since the decline of audiolingualism, there was bias towards speech in language teaching for communicative ends. Though, the stress on speaking rather than writing produces fluent but inaccurate learners (Hughes, 1983).

Crismore et al. (1993) define metadiscourse as: "linguistic material in texts, written or spoken, which does not add anything to the propositional content but that is intended to help the listener or reader organize, interpret and evaluate the information."

I am conducting semi-structured interviews with graduate students to explore their academic writing challenges. I am using thematic analysis to analyze the Qual findings. Should I include a summary for each theme (and subthemes) in the findings chapter?

I apologize in advance if I come across as ignorant. I am trying my best to educate myself on LGBTQI+ community and how to write them in academic writing.

I have a sample of X participants in a qualitative study. One of them identifies as a transwoman. 3 belonged to other sexual or gender minorities. I don't want to end up being insensitive in my writing. Of course, a transgender woman is a woman. What I am having trouble with is that - are the terms "male" and "female" assumed to be cisgendered?

Or,

Should I mentioned that: Y number of participants were cisgendered: M males and N females. And Z participants were from gender minorities (and include trans participants in the second sentence?).

Or should I take the route of M males and N females (where trans participant is included). and Z participants were from gender minorities.

___________________

It took me some time to put forward this question because I feel like I am not able to frame it properly. So feel free to ask if you need clarifications from my side.

Thanks!

Academic writing should be well designed. How can we be professional? What are the main tips though?

For academic writing.