Absorption - Science topic

The paper considers the stability conditions of nanobubbles in aqueous solutions. It is shown that a double layer in bulk nanobubbles creates a repulsive pressure, but it is significantly less than the Laplace pressure. The stability of surface nanobubbles is influenced by the absorption of energy in a viscoelastic substrate

This study aimed to evaluate ionic release, flexural strength and water absorption of UDMA resins containing 0–30 wt% surface pre-reacted glass-ionomer (S-PRG) filler fabricated by a DLP 3D printer. Release of Al, B, Na, Sr and F ions were measured by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) and an ion meter. Flexural strength test and water absorption mea...

The rise of new ailments, such as heart disease, cancer, diabetes, obesity, and neurodegenerative disease is putting the health of society in jeopardy. As a result, it is critical to make investments that benefit the general public's health. Many plants, including tea, contain the flavonoid epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). EGCG has been shown in mu...

CO2 capture technology can mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and global warming. CO2 capture driven by electrochemical reactions is attractive because the operation is carried out at normal temperature and pressure and involves a simple input system using electrical energy. Although promising metal complexes with high CO2 fixation performance have...

A dynamic zinc(II) metalloporphyrin axle-containing [2]rotaxane with a heteroditopic macrocycle component is shown to selectively recognise and optically sense lithium halide (LiX) ion-pair species. 1H NMR and UV-visible absorption experiments...

In this study, we report a core‐shell fluorescent nanoprobe consisting of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) NaGdF4 : Yb³⁺, Er³⁺ and metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) ZIF‐8. ZIF‐8 can specifically bind to ferric ions (Fe³⁺) to change the ultraviolet‐visible absorption spectrum of the probe, as a result the fluorescence of the probe was quenched and a...

Metasurfaces have the ability to manipulate electromagnetic waves, which allows for the creation of functions such as perfect absorbers. The goal of a perfect absorber is to achieve high absorption peaks within a specific frequency band. This paper introduces an improved metasurface absorber structure that can achieve efficient absorption in four d...

Ceramic pigments are inorganic materials that can be used in industrial applications. Here, we reviewed the works reported in the literature where first-principles calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) have been used to predict the color, electronic, and optical properties, along with experimental confirmation. Recently, theoretical...

Reinforced concrete deep beams (RCDBs) are vulnerable to brittle shear failure and can cause the beams to fail diagonally. This study investigates the effectiveness of shear-strengthening techniques in RCDBs by using galvanized corrugated sheets (GCS) filled with high-performance concrete (HPC). Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC), strain-har...

Strains from the picocyanobacteria genus Synechococcus are currently found across a wide range of photoperiods and photosynthetically active radiation. Future scenarios now forecast range expansions of marine Synechococcus into new photic regimes. We found that strains of temperate, coastal phycocyanin‐rich and phycoerythrin‐rich Synechococcus grew...

For material composed of down, strange or bottom quarks, relativistic mass increase has an upper limit, corresponding to the water absorption limit of crosslinked hydrogels.

Rockburst, a dynamic damage phenomenon occurring in high-stress rock mass conditions, poses a significant risk to the safety of deep underground engineering operations due to sudden and violent rock failure. Mitigating rockburst damage is a difficult challenge encountered during underground excavation. Ground support systems are extensively utilise...

Under impulse voltage, ester-based insulating oil (EO) is more likely to produce fast streamers than mineral insulating oil (MO). This paper explores the generation mechanism of fast streamers from a molecular perspective. First, the energy of EO to reach the first excited state is lower than that of MO, which is achieved through ultraviolet–visibl...

This letter, based on 3D slotline structures (SLSs), proposes a dual‐polarization frequency selective rasorber (FSR) with a high selectivity and wide transmission passband. The broadband transmission and absorption paths are created by etching three independent SLSs onto the 3D periodic printed circuit boards (PCBs). These include an open‐circuit s...

Nanomedicine is emerging as a crucial avenue for exploring new therapeutic and diagnostic techniques in the medical field. Effective monitoring of the dispersion concentration of nanoparticles using optical methods is an extremely important topic in this area. However, existing research has not recognized that the light absorption of blood can lead...

Monolayer 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are known for their direct bandgaps and pronounced excitonic effects, which facilitate efficient light absorption and high photoluminescence (PL). In this study, we report...

Protein- and peptide-based medications are recognized for their effectiveness and lower toxicity compared to chemical-based drugs, making them promising therapeutic agents. However, their application has been limited by numerous delivery challenges. Polymeric nanostructures have emerged as effective tools for protein delivery due to their versatili...

Multispectral compatible camouflage has attracted widespread attention due to the rapid development of various detection technologies. This work presents a multifunctional metasurface that is compatible with laser stealth, infrared shielding, and the thermal management function. To achieve laser stealth, the metasurface is designed as a metal–insul...

Widespread electromagnetic (EM) interference and pollution have become expanding issues with the rapid advancement of fifth-generation (5G) wireless communication technology and devices. Recent advances in high-entropy (HE) materials have opened...

At present, the typical targets in the air are mainly high-speed impact bodies such as fragments, which pose a great threat to aviation equipment such as drones. It is urgent to study the impact resistance of different initial conditions of fragments to honeycomb sandwich structures. The fragment impact experiment analyzes the fragment flight attit...

Assessing teacher self-efficacy is crucial for understanding its impact on teaching effectiveness. However, reliable and valid measurements used to evaluate teacher self-efficacy remain limited in Vietnam. This study conducted a comprehensive evaluation of the psychometric properties of both the short and long versions of the Teacher Sense of Effic...

We present a simple toy model of cosmic acceleration driven purely by a self-interacting scalar field embedded in theory of grand unification. The scalar self-interaction is Higgs-like and provokes a spontaneous symmetry breaking. The coefficient of the quadratic term in the self-interaction potential has an evolution and it leads to a cosmic varia...

In conventional absorption refrigeration systems (ARS), the heat from the condenser is usually rejected by the environment in place to be used in the system, so recuperating this is a good alternative to enhance the system's performance. For instance, in this paper, an alternative ARS in which LiBr/Water is used as a refrigerant mixture, where part...

Underwater sound classification presents a unique challenge due to the complex propagation characteristics of sound in water, including absorption, scattering, and refraction. These complexities can distort and alter spectral features, hindering the effectiveness of traditional feature extraction methods for vessel classification. To address this c...

Lithium-niobate-on-insulator (LNOI) is regarded as an ideal platform for integrated photonics. As an essential part, active devices based on rare-earth (RE) doped LNOI have made significant progress, with erbium/ytterbium-codoped lithium niobate (Er/Yb-codoped LN) showing great potential. In this paper, a series of Er/Yb-codoped LN crystals were su...

Light levels determine regeneration in stands and a key concern is how to regulate the light environment of different stand types to the requirements of the understory. In this study, we selected three stands typical in south China (a Cryptomeria japonica plantation, a Quercus acutissima plantation, and a mixed stand of both) and three thinning int...

Measuring the sound absorption coefficient in a small reverberation room below the Schroeder frequency is a challenging task and the results are subject to a high degree of uncertainty. Recent research shows that the low-frequency acoustic properties of the enclosure and the test sample should be characterized by quantities that describe the modal...

Present research comprises of reprocessing discarded brick and ceramic powders as a fractional substitute of clay in making clayey bricks. The extensive use of clay during the development of bricks is the cause of loss of fertile land, which is affecting the climate. The substitution rates of 5, 10, 15% for brick and 4, 8, 12% for ceramic are ex...

The Li0.5Ni0.6Zn0.15Fe2O4 (Q), Li0.5Ni0.5Zn0.25Fe2O4 (R) ferrite samples have been synthesized by solid state reaction method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern confirms the formation of cubic spinel structure with lattice constants 8.378, 8.397 Å respectively. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images show grain size in the range of few micromet...

Dimerized acceptors show promise in combining the high performance of small‐molecule non‐fullerene acceptors (NFAs) with the excellent stability of polymer acceptors. The central linking units that connect two acceptor molecules together have a profound impact on dimeric acceptor properties and structure‐performance relationships in blended thin fi...

Auxetic honeycomb sandwich structures (AHS) composed of a single material generally exhibit comparatively lower energy absorption (EA) and platform stress, as compared to traditional non-auxetic sandwich structures (TNS). To address this limitation, the present study examines the use of aluminum foam (AF) as a filling material in the re-entrant hon...

Numerical simulation based on Full Potential-Linearized Augmented Plane Wave calculations (FP-LAPW) is implemented in WIEN2K code to study the fundamental structural and optoelectronic properties of the Wurtzite ternary alloy structure InxGa1-xN (x = 0.125, 0.375, 0.625 and 0.875) matched on GaN substrate using a 16-atom supercell. The generalized...

In this paper, an intra-cavity SPR sensor based on erbium-doped fiber (EDF) laser is proposed to achieve higher sensitivity for detecting analyte refractive indices. A liquid-core fiber-based SPR sensor is first designed to match the operating wavelength of 1530 nm in the fiber laser intra-cavity, and then placed into the cavity of the EDF laser to...

Thermo-optical nonlinearities (TONL) in metasurfaces enable dynamic control of optical properties like transmission, reflection, and absorption through external stimuli such as laser irradiation or temperature. As slow thermal dynamics of extended systems are expected to limit modulation speeds ultimately, research has primarily focused on steady-s...

This study investigates the strain softening behavior of high-performance fiber-reinforced cementitious composites (HPFRCCs) under uniaxial compression. HPFRCC mixtures with different compressive strengths ranged from 120 to 170 MPa were prepared. The measurement method of feedback control on loading rate based transverse displacement was applied....

The recycling of construction and demolition waste (CDW) can contribute as a source of aggregates, materials whose production is increasingly difficult. It will also contribute to a reduction of inappropriate disposal of these residues. Different authors show that it is possible to produce high quality recycled aggregates, with low cement paste on...

This study investigates fresh and hardened self-compacting concrete properties. LECA will be used in place of coarse aggregate in (0, 20, 40, and 60) % proportions in a partial replacement. First, four SCC mixes were made based on LECA volume fraction and then the second group was made by adding 1% glass fiber by volume to group one's mixes. Harden...

Ploughing plays a crucial role in soil preparation by loosening the upper soil layers, breaking up clods, and creating an environment conducive for seed sowing. This study was designed to assess the impact of various plough types on soil preparation in Imanyiro Sub-County, Mayuge District. Specifically, it aimed to examine the influence of tractor...

Increasing absorption poses a challenge for enhancing solar cell performance. Consequently, perovskite solar cells have emerged as a solution in recent years due to their advantages, such as high flexibility, low cost, and good radiation resistance. To further enhance the performance of perovskite solar cells, photonic crystals have been introduced...

Peace-Manifesto: What is the ethical-spiritual and universal world formula, the Grand Unifying Theory? Does ancient Indian knowledge lead us to an intercultural world peace formula? Does it have an impact on physics, metaphysics, biology and our absorption of spiritual healing power, etc.? 11/27/24 Chris K. Früh – Intercultural-philosophy-institute...

Based on the experience of developing high-power gyrotrons, we are developing the concept of high-power high-frequency microwave signal rectifiers that use the principle of electron-cyclotron resonance (ECR) interaction. The performed numerical simulation shows the possibility of creating a Ka-band ECR rectifier with an input power of 10–12 kW and...

Resumo: Este estudo avaliou a influência do tempo de termorretificação na perda de massa e absorção de água em lâminas de madeira de paricá (Schizolobium parahyba var. amazonicum). Para isso, corpos de prova foram submetidos a termorretificação a 180°C por períodos variando de 1 a 10 horas, em intervalos de uma hora. A perda de massa após a termorr...

Photoacoustic imaging has emerged as a promising modality for medical imaging since its introduction. Photoacoustic microscopy (PAM), which is based on the photoacoustic effect, combines the advantages of both optical and acoustic imaging modalities. PAM facilitates high-sensitivity, high-resolution, non-contact, and non-invasive imaging by employi...

This research investigates the effect of rice husk ash (RHA) addition on the refractory properties of Owo clay. The clay is blended with RHA in increments of 5% for each experimental run. The blended material undergoes exposure to temperatures ranging from normal crucible liner conditions to 1200° C, followed by characterization for shrinkage, poro...

Influência de tratamentos térmicos na perda de massa e absorção de água de lâminas de Schizolobium parahyba var. amazonicum Resumo: A modificação hidrotérmica e a termorretificação são técnicas para aumentar a permeabilidade da madeira, melhorando a eficiência de tratamentos preservativos. Este estudo avaliou a influência desses tratamentos na satu...

Tidal Disruption Events (TDEs) are transient events observed when a star gets tidally destroyed by a supermassive black hole. TDEs prefer quiescent Balmer-strong (QBS) host galaxies, which have strong Balmer absorption and weak emission lines. Identifying these galaxies photometrically is difficult but important for TDE classification. This researc...

We consider the recovery of an unknown function $f$ from a noisy observation of the solution $u_f$ to a partial differential equation that can be written in the form $\mathcal{L} u_f=c(f,u_f)$, for a differential operator $\mathcal{L}$ that is rich enough to recover $f$ from $\mathcal{L} u_f$. Examples include the time-independent Schr\"odinger equ...

In-context learning (ICL) allows large language models (LLMs) to adapt to new tasks directly from the given demonstrations without requiring gradient updates. While recent advances have expanded context windows to accommodate more demonstrations, this approach increases inference costs without necessarily improving performance. To mitigate these is...

This study provides a comprehensive review of existing research on the low velocity impact response, post-impact mechanical strength, and damage mechanisms of epoxy hybrid composites reinforced with fibers or fabrics. It focuses on the investigation of the influence of various factors on the impact damage mechanisms, such as matrix cracking, delami...

We investigate fundamental constraints on passive linear time-invariant acoustic systems through the developing alternative linear sum rules for sound absorption and transmission. Our approach, based on the Herglotz function method, yields integral identities without non-linear logarithmic terms or frequency weightings, providing clearer physical i...

We present the First Cosmic Gamma-ray Horizon (1CGH) catalogue, featuring gamma-ray detections above 10 GeV based on 16 years of observations with the Fermi-LAT satellite. After carefully selecting a sample of blazars and blazar candidates from catalogues in the literature, we performed a binned likelihood analysis and identified about 2900 gamma-r...

In this study, use of a new polypropylene geofiber type called microgrid fiber (MGF) was investigated in comparison with a conventional polypropylene fiber (PPF) product. Uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), modulus of elasticity, ductility and energy absorption capacities of cement stabilized sand (CSS) mixes reinforced with different polypropylen...

Metal halide perovskites and their nanostructures have efficient optical absorption and emission in the visible range with high external quantum efficiency. They have been at the forefront of next-generation photovoltaics...

The experimental and theoretical bandgap reported for stoichiometric V2O5, a layered semiconductor of great technological importance, spans a wide range of 1.7–4.8 eV. Using combined photoemission, absorption, and photoluminescence measurements, we show that the fundamental electronic gap of V2O5 is 1.85 eV, which is in close agreement with the val...

Undoped and Cr doped \b{eta}-Ga2O3 (100) single crystals are grown by optical floating zone method. The full width at half maximum of rocking curve is found to be 106 arcsec for undoped Ga2O3 crystals whereas the 100 and 200 ppm of Cr doped Ga2O3 crystals display multiple rocking curves with large peak widths indicating the presence of structural d...

The Solvency II regulatory framework requires European insurance companies to guarantee their solvability and stability by retaining enough Own Funds to cover future unexpected losses at a given confidence level. A Standard Formula approach is provided to estimate the capital requirement needed. Still, Solvency II allows internal methodologies to q...

Topological nodal-line semimetals (TNLSs) can be understood as a collection of two-dimensional Dirac Fermions along the line, which endows high mobility and extraordinary electrical transport in all directions near the Dirac points. Furthermore, the band geometry at the Fermi level can be easily modified by external field excitations. These feature...

This study theoretically investigates difference frequency generation in a ZnGeP2 crystal pumped by a fiber laser (1.53 μm) and a Tm:YLF laser (1.908 μm) for generating mid-infrared radiation. The theoretical model incorporates phase matching conditions, nonlinear susceptibility, crystal length, and beam parameters (sum of the average power of the...