ADR - Science topic

This paper presents a hybrid microgrid configuration with a flying capacitor dual-output (FCDO) converter. The output ports of the FCDO converter can directly interface ac sources/loads operating at different amplitudes and frequencies without additional ac/dc/ac converter units. Compared to the conventional configuration, the hybrid microgrid with...

The microwave SQUID multiplexer (μ\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\mu $$\end{document}MUX) is a high channel-count multiplexer that, when coupled to low...

Alternative dispute resolution (ADR) is a forum or means for resolving dispute (as arbitration or private judging) that exists outside the state or federal judicial system. Civil courts encourage the use of court settlements to litigate parties at any time before a judgment is awarded by the court.

A simple, novel, and less cost yellow (Erythrosine) modified pencil graphite electrode (Po-ERY/MGPE) was successfully fabricated via electropolymerization method using cyclic voltammetric techniques. The fabricated Po-ERY/MGPE opted as a sensor for the detection of Adrenaline (ADR) in 0.2 M PBS (7.4 pH). This reported senor displayed excellent elec...

Attaining milli-Kelvin temperatures is often a prerequisite for the study of novel quantum phenomena and the operation of quantum devices. Adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration (ADR) is an effective, easy and sustainable alternative to evaporation or dilution cooling with the rare and super-expensive $^3$He. Paramagnetic salts, traditionally used...

Background Colonoscopies have long been the gold standard for detection of pre-malignant neoplastic lesions of the colon. Our previous study tried real-time artificial intelligence (AI)-aided colonoscopy over a three-month period and found significant improvements in collective and individual endoscopist’s adenoma detection rates compared to baseli...

Previous studies focused on the status and driving factors of non-grain cultivated land (NGCL), but lacked research on the impact mechanism of NGCL on sustainable agricultural development from the perspective of farmers’ household livelihoods and agricultural production factor allocation. Therefore, the concept of resilience was introduced. Accordi...

Background The main task of medical entity disambiguation is to link mentions, such as diseases, drugs, or complications, to standard entities in the target knowledge base. To our knowledge, models based on Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) have achieved good results in this task. Unfortunately, these models only consid...

The chemoresistance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is associated with certain microRNA level. Specifically, previous studies have found that miR-27b expression is upregulated in all four HCC drug-resistance cell lines. Despite that, the function of miR-27b in HCC is not clear yet. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of miR-27...

To prevent the proliferation of space debris and stabilize the space environment, active debris removal (ADR) has increasingly gained public concern. Considering the complexity of space operations and the viability of ADR missions, it would be necessary to schedule the ADR process in order to remove as much debris as possible. This paper presents a...

Since June 2018, Ethiopia has undergone vast legislative reforms. Among these reforms are the amendments to laws regulating Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) in the country. With the purpose of promoting ADR, the country amended pre-existing laws, enacted new laws, and ratified international instruments. However, the laws exhibit significant sub...

History Artikel Received: tgl-bln-thn; Accepted: tgl-bln-thn Published: tgl-bln-thn Kata kunci RUU HAPER; Hukum; Acara Perdata. ABSTRAK Hukum acara perdata yang saat ini digunakan sudah tidak sesuai dengan perkembangan dan kebutuhan masyarakat, sehingga sudah tidak dapat menampung berbagai perkembangan hukum yang terus berkembang. Dari hasil penela...

Purpose Colonoscopy is the gold standard for the diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC). Before a colonoscopy, an adequate bowel preparation (BP) is required. Currently, more novel regimens with different effects have been proposed and used successively. This network meta-analysis aims to compare the cleaning effects and patients’ tolerability of sev...

This chapter focuses on the sexual side effects of various medications used in midwifery and obstetric practice. The chapter will start with background information on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics geared to pregnancy and the changing pregnant body. During pregnancy, the increased cardiac output causes a shorter time to metabolise and elimin...

EWS is based on an assessment of changes in the patient's condition through systematic observation of all the patient's physiological changes so as to avoid unexpected events in the emergency room or the Intensive Care Unit room. Patient deterioration can occur when the evaluation and implementation of EWS are not in accordance with the algorithm....

As society continues to age, it is becoming increasingly important to monitor drug use in the elderly. Social media data have been used for monitoring adverse drug reactions. The aim of this study was to determine whether social network studies (SNS) are useful sources of drug side effects information. We propose a method for utilizing SNS data to...

Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is Canada's third most common cancer type and represents approximately 11% of all cancer deaths. While sedated colonoscopy or flexible sigmoidoscopy (FS) continues to be considered for CRC screening, these modalities have limitations and risks. Another unevaluated screening modality, known as an extended FS (EFS),...

Background Adenoma detection rate (ADR) is higher after a positive fecal immunochemical test (FIT) compared to direct screening colonoscopy. Purpose This meta-analysis evaluated how ADR, the rates of advanced adenoma detection (AADR), colorectal cancer detection (CDR), and sessile serrated lesion detection (SSLDR) are affected by different FIT pos...

Background Randomized controlled trials have reported that artificial intelligence (AI) improves adenoma detection rate (ADR). Different methodologies, namely parallel and tandem study designs, have been employed to evaluate the efficacy of AI-assisted colonoscopy in randomized controlled trials. In systematic reviews and meta-analyses, a pooled ef...

Background The effectiveness of colonoscopy screening to prevent colorectal cancer (CRC) is directly linked to its procedural quality. An independent observer (Hawthorne effect) can improve colonoscopy procedural quality metrics, including adenoma detection rate (ADR). However, the results of studies are limited or controversial. Purpose We aimed...

Background Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) is a rare but serious adverse drug reaction (ADR) commonly associated with bisphosphonate and denosumab therapy. Prior research utilized an online, public FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) Database to explore this ADR. This data identified and described several novel medications associated with ONJ...

Resolve is a payload hosting an X-ray microcalorimeter detector operated at 50 mK in the X-Ray Imaging and Spectroscopy Mission (XRISM). It is currently under development as part of an international collaboration and is planned to be launched in 2023. A primary technical concern is the micro-vibration interference in the sensitive microcalorimeter...

Background: Asthma is the most common chronic lung disease among children. International guidelines recommend inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) as the first-line daily controller therapy for children with asthma and leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRA) as the second alternative therapy. Adherence to treatment is the most significant component to op...

Problem considered: Coronavirus disease(COVID-19) outbroke towards the end of December 2019 in China, soon it started spreading rapidly to various countries leading to an outburst of pandemic. Due to the restrictions imposed to control the spread of the infection, globally the manufacturing, import and export of medicine and the healthcare service...

Introduction: Adriamycin (ADR) is commonly used in tumor chemotherapy, but its nonreversible cardiotoxicity severely hampers its clinical application. Ferroptosis is an implicated cause of ADR-induced injury. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study explored whether ferroptosis is a pivotal pathogenic pathw...

Background: The safety of the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine in the outpatient setting has been extensively studied; however, there need to be more reports that specifically assess their safety in the inpatient population. It is hence imperative to explore the adverse drug reaction (ADR) profile in this population and monitor the progression of these ADRs...

The article deals with the International Business Mediation and Singapore Mediation Convention on enforcing cross-border mediated settlement agreements. Mediation, as an alternative dispute resolution method, is widely preferred by parties with disputes in many countries. For this reason, in relation to ADR methods including mediation, both in Angl...

The Nigerian Legal System is an important academic module and a key foundational course in every Faculty of Law in Nigeria. The Council of Legal Education and the National Universities Commission (NUC) categorized it as a core course that must be passed by law students. Having taught the module for over a decade, the author realized the need for an...

Drugs have the potential of causing adverse reactions or side effects and prior knowledge of these reactions can help prevent hospitalizations and premature deaths. Public databases of common adverse drug reactions (ADRs) depend on individual reports from drug manufacturers and health professionals. However, this passive approach to ADR surveillanc...

Adverse drug reaction (ADR) is quite common and poses a huge medical and economic burden all over the world. Understanding the role of genetic variant and microbes in drug response and using this knowledge in prescribing drugs will help to reduce ADR and improve drug efficacy. We have collected pharmacogenomic and pharmacomicrobiomics data currentl...

Anti-neoplastic agents for cancer treatment utilize many different mechanisms of action and, when combined, can result in potent inhibition of cancer growth. Combination therapies can result in long-term, durable remission or even cure; however, too many times, these anti-neoplastic agents lose their efficacy due to the development of acquired drug...

Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are unintended or harmful effects due to the use of a medicine. Antibiotics and analgesics, which incidentally, are commonly prescribed by dentists, result in most of the ADRs globally. As with most healthcare professionals, dentists do not report on ADRs regularly. Therefore, the aim of the review was to explore the d...

During clinical trials, special populations such as children, pregnant women and elderly are excluded, creating lack of information on safety profile of medicines in these population. The lack of reliable efficacy and safety data often leads to under-or over-dosing in paediatric age groups which make them susceptible to adverse drug reactions (ADRs...

Arbitration is an alternative dispute resolution method (ADR) and has now become one of the preferred mechanisms chosen by parties to settle disputes of a commercial nature. There is no proper definition of arbitration and unlike court proceedings; it is a voluntary agreement agreed to by the disputing parties and the decision also known as the arb...

This study aimed to determine the criterion validity of the ADR jumping photocell when compared to a motion capture system and to examine the within-session test-retest reliability of the instrument. Thirteen highly trained female volleyball players performed ten countermovement jumps (CMJ) with two minutes rest in-between trials. Jumps were record...

Given the advantage of LoRaWAN private networks, multiple types of services have been implemented by users in one LoRaWAN system to realize various smart applications. With an increasing number of applications, LoRaWAN suffers from multi-service coexistence challenges due to limited channel resources, uncoordinated network configuration, and scalab...

Pharmacokinetics varies widely between children. Many factors play an important role in this variability, such as ontogeny, pharmacogenetics, gender, comorbidities, and drug-drug interactions. Significant work has already been done in adults to understand the impact of genetic polymorphisms on drug-metabolizing enzyme activity and drug response. Da...

Introduction: Since 2019, for the first time, a two-drug regimen with dolutegravir/lamivudine (DTG/3TC) has been recommended for HIV treatment as initial and subsequent therapy in the international guidelines. However, safety and efficacy data of DTG/3TC in Japanese people living with HIV (PLHIV) in clinical trials are limited and have not been ev...

Background Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) have continued to be a public health challenge with significant clinical and healthcare costs. However, little is known regarding the incidence of ADR in Ethiopia, particularly in the study setting. Thus, this study aimed to assess the incidence and patterns of ADRs in patients admitted to the University of...

IntroductionAdverse drug reactions (ADRs) are a leading cause of mortality worldwide and should be detected promptly to reduce health risks to patients. A data-mining approach using large-scale medical records might be a useful method for the early detection of ADRs. Many studies have analyzed medical records to detect ADRs; however, most of them h...

Citation: Al-Shareef, E.; Khan, L.M.; Alsieni, M.; Karim, S.; Kamel, F.O.; Alkreathy, H.M.; Bafail, D.A.; Ibrahim, I.M.; Burzangi, A.S.; Bazuhair, M.A. Detection of Adverse Abstract: Seeking an alternative approach for detecting adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in coronavirus patients (COVID-19) and enhancing drug safety, a retrospective study of six...

Objective: To track and analyze the dynamics of adverse drug reaction reports of authorized COVID-19 vaccines in the database of the national competent authority in Bulgaria-Bulgarian Drug Agency (BDA) and to identify the sources of ADR in our country during the considered time period. Material and methods: For the analysis of ADR reports, the spec...

Background: Credentialing, the process through which an institution assesses and validates an endoscopist’s qualifications to independently perform a procedure, can vary by region and country. Little is known about these inter-societal and geographic differences. We aimed to systematically characterize credentialing recommendations and requirements...

In the Internet of Things (IoT), Low-Power Wide-Area Networks (LPWANs) are designed to provide low energy consumption while maintaining a long communications' range for End Devices (EDs). LoRa is a communication protocol that can cover a wide range with low energy consumption. To evaluate the efficiency of the LoRa Wide-Area Network (LoRaWAN), thre...

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common age-related neurodegenerative disease, exceeded only by Alzheimer’s disease. Clinically, PD is characterized by resting tremor, rigidity (stiffness), bradykinesia (slowing), and gait dysfunction with postural instability. These are known as the classical or “cardinal” features of the disease. Levod...

Background: Adverse drug reactions are important causes of mortality and morbidity in the patients. Early detection, evaluation and monitoring of ADRs is essential to improve public health. Methods: This was an observational, non-interventional and retrospective study conducted at the ADR monitoring centre of a tertiary care hospital of North India...

In this single-center observational study with 1,206 participants, we prospectively evaluated SARS-CoV-2-antibodies (anti-S RBD) and vaccine-related adverse drug reactions (ADR) after basic and booster immunization with BNT162b2- and ChAdOx1-S-vaccines in four vaccination protocols: Homologous BNT162b2-schedule with second vaccination at either thr...

Purpose: To assess whether transcorneal electrical stimulation (TcES) current-dependently slows progressive loss of visual field area (VFA) in retinitis pigmentosa (RP). Methods: Data from 51 patients with RP who received monocular TcES treatment once weekly over 1 year in an interventional, randomized study have been analyzed a posteriori. Curr...

Backgroud With the reform of medical system in China, Beijing municipal hospitals explored a new pharmaceutical care model and set up medication therapy management services (MTMs) in ambulatory care since 2019. We were one of the first hospitals to set up this service in China. At the present, there were relatively few reports about the effect of M...

Plunging liquid jet reactor (PLJR) has gained popularity as a feasible and efficient aerator and mixer. However, the measurement of air disentrainment rate (Qads), which affects aeration performance, has been overlooked by many researchers. In this work, a newly invented Al-Anzi disentrainment ring (ADR) device was incorporated in CPLJR to experime...

Purpose To develop a reliable assessment tool to monitor the quality of adverse drug reaction (ADR) reports and evaluate its performance within a quaternary hospital setting. Methods Adverse drug reactions report QUality Algorithm (AQUA-12) was developed by a multidisciplinary team with the expertise in the management of ADRs. The design was based...

Objective: To investigate the frequency and characteristics of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) that occurred on the gerontopsychiatric ward of Hannover Medical School over a 6-year period. Design: Retrospective monocentric cohort study. Results: Six hundred thirty-four patient cases (mean age 76.6 ± 7.1 years; 67.2% female) were analysed. In tot...

Adverse drug reaction (ADR) severity levels are mainly rated by healthcare professionals (HCPs), but patient ratings are limited. This study aimed to compare patient-rated and pharmacist-rated ADR severity levels and determined methods employed for ADR management and prevention by patients and HCPs. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in outpati...

As an alternative to the Court-National Industrial Court of Nigeria (NICN)-workers, can also have recourse to Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) procedures, such as mediation, conciliation or arbitration. ADR has been said to present the parties with several benefits, while acknowledging these potential benefits, I wish to argue nonetheless that...

Background and aims: Currently sedation is a common practice in colonoscopy to reduce pain of patients and improve the operator satisfaction, whereas its impact on examination quality, especially adenoma detection rate (ADR) is still controversial. Thus, we aimed to investigate the association of sedation with ADR. Methods: Consecutive patients...

There is no published evidence on the possible differences in multimorbidity, inappropriate prescribing, and adverse outcomes of care, simultaneously, from a sex perspective in older patients. We aimed to identify those possible differences in patients hospitalized because of a chronic disease exacerbation. A multicenter, prospective cohort study o...

Recent years have witnessed booming data on drugs and their associated adverse drug reactions (ADRs). It was reported that these ADRs have resulted in a high hospitalisation rate worldwide. Therefore, a tremendous amount of research has been carried out to predict ADRs in the early phases of drug development, with the goal of reducing possible futu...

Background: Pharmacovigilance (PV) is an essential activity to detect adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and ensure patient safety. Hence, we aimed to evaluate knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding PV among community pharmacists in Qassim, Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted by using a validated questionnaire af...

Fifteen novel butyric ester tethered dihydroartemisinin-isatin hybrids 4a-d and 5a-k were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for cytotoxicity against four human breast cancer cell lines, including MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, MCF-7/ADR and MDA-MB-231/ADR using the MTT method. A significant part of them were active against the four tested cancer cell lines,...

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide. Colonoscopy is the gold standard examination that reduces the morbidity and mortality of CRC. Artificial intelligence (AI) could be useful in reducing the errors of the specialist and in drawing attention to the suspicious area. Methods: A prospective single-center ra...

The study’s main objective is to determine the critical factors in the transportation of explosives to prevent the possible damage that might be given to the environment. In this study, the “Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL)” method is applied as one of the multi-criteria decision-making techniques. A direct relationship mat...

This study presents the assessment of the air, soil, and water quality within the residential communities around two passive limestone mining/cement factories. The associations between the pollutants were tested across the media, within each medium, between the layers, and between two groups of the communities. The mean values for the PM1.0, PM2.5,...

The advent of vaccines represented a milestone to allow the slowing down and then containing of the exponential increase in ongoing infections and deaths of COVID-19. Since the first months of the vaccination campaign in various continents, there has been a certain number of reports of adverse events, including skin reactions. We conducted a system...

Background: Polypharmacy can be a consequence of overprescribing that is prevalent in older adults with multimorbidity. Polypharmacy can cause adverse reactions and result in hospital admission. This study predicted risks of adverse drug reaction (ADR)-related and emergency hospital admissions by medicine classes. Methods: We used electronic hea...

Objectives: This study was done to determine the efficacy of alpha-1 adrenoceptor blockers such as tamsulosin, alfuzosin, and silodosin in patients with the lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) over 6 months by assessing change in international prostate symptom score (IPSS), quality of life scale for urinary...

Adverse drug events (ADEs) and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are leading causes of iatrogenic injury, which can result in emergency department (ED) visits or admissions to inpatient wards. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to provide up-to-date estimates of the prevalence of (preventable) drug-related ED visits and hospital ad...

Background Adverse drug reactions (ADR) challenge successful anti-tuberculosis treatment (ATT). The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of ATT-associated ADR and related factors on ATT outcomes. Methods A prospective cohort study of persons with tuberculosis (TB) at a referral center in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 2010 to 2016. Baseline...

Vertebral artery dissection (VAD) is a rare vascular cause of acute stroke. Although VAD may be classified as spontaneous or traumatic, it is increasingly recognized that trivial mechanical stress typically precipitates this potentially dangerous condition. Herein, we report a rare case of VAD and acute stroke following anterior cervical decompress...