3D - Science topic

This study investigated the effects of 3D model building activities with block codes on students' spatial thinking and computational thinking skills. The study group consists of 5th grade students in a secondary school in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey. For the study, a pretest-posttest control group was utilized within the experimental desi...

This study aimed to create a game as scaffolding in 3D virtual worlds to enhance linguistic communication skills (LCS) in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Two ADHD children participated in the 17-week study. In 8 of the 17 weeks of the study, they logged in 3D virtual worlds to learn LCS through play twice a week, one...

Material jetting (MJT) is a promising additive manufacturing (AM) technique that offers high-quality appearance reproduction. Considering the limited selection of aesthetic materials available for MJT technology, a thorough optical analysis is required to determine their optimal application. This study focuses on the prominent appearance attributes...

The bias-extension test is widely used to study the mechanics of woven fabrics undergoing large deformation. Standard analyses focus on the in-plane shear deformation, but rarely on other deformation modes. Here, the bias-extension of a basalt fiber twill was performed inside a X-ray microtomograph to get 3D in situ observations. The 3D images were...

The paper presents 3D numerical modeling of spreading dynamics of R21 (mol. fraction: 0.9) and R114 refrig-erant mixture film. We considered an outer flow along a round vertical cylinder at Reynolds numbers of 50 and 104 and contact angles of 10 • , 30 • , 50 • , 70 • and 90 •. The simulation was performed in OpenFOAM software on the basis of the v...

The material point method (MPM) has proven to be an effective numerical approach for simulating extreme events involving large deformations. Although numerous MPM variants have been proposed to enhance the capability of MPM, its application is currently limited by issues of computational efficiency and stability. This study presents an innovative a...

Alzheimer's disease and Frontotemporal dementia are common types of neurodegenerative disorders that present overlapping clinical symptoms, making their differential diagnosis very challenging. Numerous efforts have been done for the diagnosis of each disease but the problem of multi-class differential diagnosis has not been actively explored. In r...

Additive manufacturing (AM) has been continuously developed for more than 30 years. Different novel AM techniques, including electric-assisted, magnetic-assisted, robot-assisted, and UAV-assisted AM technologies have been created with various objectives. In this paper, we propose a new strategy for fabricating complex and/or multifunctional compone...

In our present society, 3D objects play an increasingly important role in many different domains, especially with the development of meta environments. Many applications demand large 3D objects, which makes their compression a requirement. Meanwhile, 3D objects are also exposed to various security problems during online storage and transmission. Co...

The present paper focuses on the design and the construction experience related to Emergency Stop in Trens as a part of the Brenner Base Tunnel (BBT). This underground work consists in a 470 m long central tunnel excavated by conventional tunnelling connected through cross-passages every 90 m to the main tunnels excavated by TBMs-shield. The main d...

Temporal phase unwrapping (TPU) techniques are vulnerable to inaccurate recognition of fringe order due to various factors, including noise, motion blur and defocusing effects. The misalignment between the fringe order and wrapped phase can lead to abnormal jump errors and compromise measuring accuracy. To address this issue, an accurate fringe ord...

Stiffener design plays a crucial role in the lightweight design of stiffened panels. We propose a CAD-integrated stiffener design approach for shells. The problem is partitioned into two steps: (1) generating clear force flow members (FFM) based on the direction of principal stress, and (2) introducing a nodal variable-based sizing-topology optimiz...

3D image reconstruction from a limited number of 2D images has been a long-standing challenge in computer vision and image analysis. While deep learning-based approaches have achieved impressive performance in this area, existing deep networks often fail to effectively utilize the shape structures of objects presented in images. As a result, the to...

Pearl roundness is an important index in the pearl value evaluation and classification. The existing roundness classification schemes are usually based on 2D image or mechanical methods. However, the 2D image ignores the depth or 3D information, which leads to low classification accuracy, and mechanical classification is easy to cause surface damag...

The paper brings forward the results of a study on the compression test of 28 lattice structures made ofPLA by FDM, with the height of the deposited layer at a pass of Hs = 0.20 mm and 50% filling percentagePu. The 28 samples were made on Anycubic 4 Max Pro 2.0 the 3D printer, considering 7 filling patterns:Grid, Tri-hexagon, Octet, Triangles, Cubi...

Bản đồ địa hình đáy biển là công cụ hết sức cần thiết trong quản lý tài nguyên cũng như trong khảo sát và nghiên cứu biển. Bản đồ địa hình đáy biển có thể được thành lập dưới dạng bản đồ 2 chiều (2D) hoặc bản đồ 3 chiều (3D). Cho đến nay, đa phần bản đồ địa hình đáy biển đã được thành lập là bản đồ ở dạng 2D. Mô hình hoặc bản đồ 3D địa hình đáy biể...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the redesign and additive manufacturing of a rocket engine nozzle using Inconnel 625 material. The redesigned engine took into consideration material shrinkage during the metal transfer process. The additive manufacturing process was carried out using the appropriate toolpaths to form a solid structure. Microgr...

This study presents a detailed numerical analysis to examine the effects of corrosion morphology on the fatigue life of corroded Q235B and 42CrMo steels. To obtain the actual corrosion morphologies, a 3D digital model of Q235B and 42CrMo steels after indoor accelerated corrosion was obtained using the three-dimensional (3D) scanning method. After t...

Bài báo trình bày về việc ứng mạng nơ ron nhân tạo (ANN) trong tính toán và tối ưu hóa kết cấu khung máy in 3D bê tông dạng cổng kích thước lớn. Để tự động tính toán, phân tích kết cấu khung máy, chương trình tính toán chuyển vị và tần số dao động riêng của hệ được xây dựng dựa trên ngôn ngữ ANSYS APDL được kết nối MATLAB. Dựa trên chương trình tự...

In the new online learning environment where information technology and education are integrated, it is important to understand the learning patterns of online learners and then predict their learning outcomes to improve learning effectiveness of online learners. In this paper, we collect students’ online learning behavior data through an online le...

Neste trabalho, um sensor fotoacústico diferencial foi construído utilizando a impressão 3D em resina líquida fotossensível, e a sua de performance foi comparada com um sensor similar de metal na medida de traços de CH4 em N2. Para o sensor impresso, foram obtidos uma sensibilidade de Simpresso = 0,97 ± 0,06 µV/ppmv, uma precisão de σimpresso = ± 0...

The method of magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is substantially limited by a rather small field of view (FOV) even in preclinical imaging. To cover a bigger FOV, a multi-patch approach-i.e., scanning of a series of small FOVs (patches) shifted in space-is necessary. Here, we present a simple software tool VOMMPI (Volume Merger for MPI) for merging o...

Issues of fairness and consistency in Taekwondo poomsae evaluation have often occurred due to the lack of an objective evaluation method. This study proposes a three-dimensional (3D) convolutional neural network-based action recognition model for an objective evaluation of Taek-wondo poomsae. The model exhibits robust recognition performance regard...

Representing the Earth's relief forms is a complex cartographic task because it involves a continuous three-dimensional object. Geomorphological features or landforms on Earth are the result of the action of two major groups of geomorphological forces. The first group consists of forces that act from the Earth's interior, known as endogenic forces...

In the transsylvian (TS) approach, as characterized by clipping surgery, the presurgical visualization of the superficial middle cerebral vein (SMCV) can help change the surgical approach to ensure safe microsurgery. Nevertheless, identifying preoperatively the venous structures that are involved in this approach is difficult. In this study, we inv...

This perspective seeks to unearth the crucial trends and patterns of manufacturing, employment and exports in the socioeconomically critical Indian textile industry. The period of analysis is broadly from 2000-01 to 2015-16, 2017-18 and 2020-21. Using available empirical and literary evidence, the viewpoint tries to elicit the causes, consequences...

Despite advances in 3D clash detection during preconstruction, mechanical, electrical, and plumbing (MEP) installations are still prone to the detection of unforeseen clashes during construction. These issues must be resolved as quickly as possible to prevent significant schedule delays. Through interviews and field observations, this case study in...

Acquiring reliable microstructure datasets is a pivotal step toward the systematic design of materials with the aid of integrated computational materials engineering (ICME) approaches. However, obtaining three-dimensional (3D) microstructure datasets is often challenging due to high experimental costs or technical limitations, while acquiring two-d...

Article Lead-free Dion-Jacobson layered double perovskite as a photocatalyst for toluene oxidation A 2D lead-free double perovskite is synthesized and shows carrier mobility and stability superior to those of its 3D counterpart. Bai and Xiong et al. demonstrate the 2D perovskite is capable of complete photocatalytic oxidation of toluene with select...

This analysis consists to develop an automatic detection test of degenerated 3D finite elements from the available mesh data and allows determining the element quality.

Residual stress is of great importance on the fatigue life of components; nevertheless, most of the simulations of turning operation focus on the first cut and ignore the evolution of residual stress in sequential cutting. The present study aims to explore the surface residual stress profile along the feed direction during longitudinal turning, to...

A rigid, resorbable magnesium membrane was recently developed, combining the advantages of resorbable and non-resorbable membranes. Our aim was to describe the application of this membrane for guided bone regeneration (GBR). Materials and Methods: This case report described the treatment and 3D evaluation of two cases utilizing a resorbable magnesi...

Aerospace vehicle connection constructions are in urgent need of joint structures with excellent aerodynamic profiles and environmental adaptability. To address issues such as poor aerodynamic profile, material thermal expansion coefficient mismatch, and limited joint structure evaluation indexes, a multi-bolt, countersunk C/SiC composite joint str...

3D ionic covalent organic framework (COF) membranes, which are envisioned to be able to break the trade-off between ion conductivity and ion selectivity, are waiting for exploitation. Herein, we report the fabrication of a 3D sulfonic acid-functionalized COF membrane (3D SCOF) for efficient and selective ion transport, using dual acid-mediated inte...

Era globalisasi saat ini yang terus berkembang menyebabkan persaingan di dunia kerja semakin ketat sehingga diperlukan sumber daya manuasia (SDM) yang berkualitas dan siap bersaing, oleh karenanya diperlukan adanya sebuah pendidikan yang berkualitas untuk mencetak lulusan yang mempunyai kemampuan daya pikir, dan kepribadian yang baik. Salah satu up...

The conformal integration of the electronic skin on the non‐developable surface is in great demand for the comprehensive tactile sensing of robotics and prosthetics. However, the current techniques still encounter obstacles in achieving conformal integration of film‐like electronic skin on non‐developable surfaces with substantial curvatures for co...

We use the largest catalog of open clusters in the post-Gaia era to provide an observational view of the Galactic disk. By compiling physical parameters such as age, distance, and kinematic information, we investigate the spatial distribution of open clusters and revisit the spiral arms and other asymmetries in the Galactic disk. Using young open c...

Single-cell spatial transcriptomics such as in-situ hybridization or sequencing technologies can provide subcellular resolution that enables the identification of individual cell identities, locations, and a deep understanding of subcellular mechanisms. However, accurate segmentation and annotation that allows individual cell boundaries to be deter...

Advances in instrumentation and tracer materials are still required to enable sensitive, accurate, and localized in situ 3D temperature monitoring by magnetic particle imaging (MPI). We have developed a high-resolution magnetic particle imaging instrument and implemented a low-noise multi-harmonic lock-in detection method to observe and quantify te...

Untethered microrobotic grasping has enabled the precise manipulation of small components in difficult-to-reach environments. However, the fabrication of deformable grasping robots at small scales requires advanced materials and fabrication technologies. Alternatively, multiple microrobots can be used to surround and grasp objects. By collaborating...

As a next-generation toolkit, microrobots can transform a wide range of fields, including micromanufacturing, electronics, microfluidics, tissue engineering, and medicine. While still in their infancy, acoustically actuated microrobots are becoming increasingly attractive. However, the interaction of acoustics with microstructure geometry is poorly...

The potential of VLP is increasing with the rise of indoor mobile machine applications. In this paper, a 3D indoor VLP system based on machine learning and optical camera communications is presented. The system uses electronically controlled LED luminaires as reference points and a rolling shutter CMOS sensor as the receiver. The LED luminaires are...

In recent days instance image segmentation made great work with the real-time rapid development of video analytics using neural networks. Still, there are two main challenges faced during the segmentation of image objects and creating the relationship between each pixel for identification of infected cells in brain image. Commonly the T1 and T2 ima...

Cada año en México ocurren aproximadamente 13 mil quemaduras, de las cuales entre el 5 y el 8 % ocurren a población infantil. Estas heridas requieren atención especializada que permita recuperar la funcionalidad de las partes del cuerpo afectadas. En este sentido, investigadores de la Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas y la Universidad Autónoma de S...

Background It is a well-known fact that the safety of slopes majorly depends on several factors such as geometry, soil properties. The safety factor might change significantly depending on the soil type and the slope’s shape. The knowledge of the nature of the change in the safety factor due to the change in the slope’s height and angle is essentia...

p>This paper presents a novel 3D MOT system exploiting a hybrid mechanism combining Kalman Filters and Transformers for high-performance MOT. We investigate the use of Transformers in 3D Multi-Object Tracking. We propose a new Transformer- based Joint Prediction approach in the Hybrid Mechanism with Kalman Filter for 3D-MOT. To assess the validity...

The generalized (2+1)-dimensional stochastic Calogero–Bogoyavlenskii Schiff equation (SCBSE) driven by a multiplicative Brownian motion is taken into consideration. The Riccati equation mapping and He’s semi-inverse methods are utilized to obtain the rational function, hyperbolic function, and trigonometric function for SCBSE. We expand some soluti...

A new 3D mesoscale computational approach to simulate the mechanical behavior of soil–rock mixtures (SRMs) with the consideration of the grain-crushing process is proposed in this study. The proposed approach adopts a random SRM mesostructure generation algorithm to create a random SRM structure. Based on the generated mesostructure, the whole simu...

While recent advances in the field of neural rendering have shown impressive 3D reconstruction performance, it is still a challenge to accurately capture the appearance and geometry of a scene by using neural rendering, especially for remote sensing scenes. This is because both rendering methods, i.e., surface rendering and volume rendering, have t...

Developing design concepts is crucial in architectural engineering education, yet helping students to develop these concepts is a challenging task. Despite previous research exploring design concepts, statistical analysis is scarce to evaluate their effectiveness. This study used the body movement methods from existing literature, combined with pho...

he time evolution of the continuous measure symmetry for the system built of the three bodies interacting via the potential 𝑈(𝑟)~ 1/𝑟 is reported. Gravitational and electrostatic interactions between the point bodies were addressed. In the case of the pure gravitational interaction the three-body-system deviated from its initial symmetrical locatio...

Oxygen is a key indicator of ecosystem health and part of environmental assessments used as a tool to achieve a healthy ocean. Oxygen assessments are mostly based on monitoring data that are spatially and temporally limited, although monitoring efforts have increased. This leads to an incomplete understanding of the current state and ongoing trends...

The catalogue of Dennis del Favero's 3D interactive installations highlights the human sense of responsibility in the face of environmental emergencies that make us aware of global warming. Advanced technologies produced by the iCinema Center at the University of New South Wales "under the artist's direction allow the viewers to experience the powe...

Computer visualization now represents a very important area in people's lives. It has appeared in practically every area, and is now essential. Within the field, game development has grown to become a huge industry. Creating a high-quality 2D or 3D game today requires extremely serious development work. Although many platforms, developer APIs, and...

The purpose of this paper is to present the use of the notion of simplexity to facilitate the design of virtual and immersive environments. Through ahistorical and argumentative excursus, the authors specify the motivations that have led to the introduction of the notion of simplexity as a natural support to the teaching-learning process, regardles...

Background Significant swelling after rhinoplasty can temporarily obscure results and lead to distress for patients and surgeons. We recently developed three dimensional (3D)-printed nasal splints that aim to protect the nose and limit edema by applying gentle compression. This prospective, randomized study compares postoperative nasal edema in pat...

Information and communication technology’s role in developing smart city platforms has allowed cities to grow smarter in recent years. In order to develop a smart city platform, digital twin technology can be implemented to monitor and simulate the city’s conditions. Furthermore, it can function as a precise decision-support system. Digital twins c...

p>We develop a deep neural network (DNN) modeling methodology to predict the radiated emissions of a shielding enclosure in terms of its aperture attributes including aperture shape, size, pitch, and quantity. The target structure is the inside of a three-dimensional (3D) enclosure comprised of perfect electric conductor (PEC) boundaries with dimen...

The Holographic Principle posits that the information contained within a given volume of space can be represented on the boundary of that space. It's a profound idea that challenges our understanding of space, gravity, and information. To visually capture this concept, we've designed a simple, interactive 3D representation. https://www.youtube.com/...

p>This paper presents a novel 3D MOT system exploiting a hybrid mechanism combining Kalman Filters and Transformers for high-performance MOT. We investigate the use of Transformers in 3D Multi-Object Tracking. We propose a new Transformer- based Joint Prediction approach in the Hybrid Mechanism with Kalman Filter for 3D-MOT. To assess the validity...

A multiscale methodology using scanning and transmission electron microscope, synchrotron X-ray nano-tomography and micro-tomography, small angle neutron scattering, and in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction has been used, to reveal the effect of Fe-rich phases and precipitates on the mechanical behaviour of an Al-Cu-Mn-Fe-Sc-Zr alloy. The α-Al gra...

Spectral imaging allows to analyze optical tissue properties that are invisible to the naked eye. Different spectral setups have been introduced in the last years to allow intraoperative image-guidance. All systems suffer from different disadvantages, such as lack of real-time capability, limited spectral coverage or low resolution. We present a no...

This systematic review article focuses on the geospatial issues of radicalism and extremism. The scholar has intensified the application of geospatial in radicalism and extremism study to understand better the causes, patterns, and trends of the radicalism and extremism incidents. The advanced geospatial approach provides more spatio-temporal infor...

In mammals, cohesin and CTCF organize the 3D genome into topologically associated domains (TADs) to regulate communication between cis-regulatory elements. However, many organisms, including S. cerevisiae, C. elegans, and A. thaliana lack CTCF. Here, we use C. elegans as a model to investigate the function of cohesin in 3D genome organization in an...

With the advancement of virtual reality and 3D game technology, the demand for high-quality 3D indoor scene generation has surged. Addressing this need, this paper presents a method leveraging a VAE-GAN-based framework to conquer two primary challenges in 3D scene representation and deep generative networks. First, we introduce a matrix representat...

In current design procedures, the capacities of single-shear timber connections with lag screws are determined based on their governing failure modes, which are assumed to occur independently. In this study, the capacity and failure modes of single-shear timber connections with lag screws are evaluated experimentally and numerically. Six specimens...

In the present work, we employed a novel modification of the Sardar sub-equation approach, leading to the successful derivation of several exact solutions for the time-fractional Ginzburg–Landau equation with Kerr law nonlinearity. These solutions encompass a range of categories, including singular, wave, bright, mixed dark–bright, and bell-shaped...