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Why did Chavan Model declined In Maharashtra?

Can be achieved Democracy and the peaceful transfer of power without political parties?

I'm looking for a Europe-wide surveys that are similar to what we see in the Latinobarometer, Afrobarometer. In other words, questions on economic perceptions, vote intention and partisan id. The Eurobarometer is largely a EU-wide survey that lacks any national component. The EES is largely a survey on second-order EP elections that dont measure voting in first order elections. The CSES lacks proper questions on economic perception. They include a retrospective sociotropic question and a "improvement of standard of living question." I'm look for a cross-national survey in Europe that asks such questions as

1. If Presidential elections or (parliamentary election) were held this sunday for whom would you vote for?

2. In the last election, did you vote for the opposition or the incumbent?

3. In the last 12 months, how has your household economic situation changed?

4. In the last 12 months, how has the country's economic situation changed?

5. In the next 12 month, do you expect your household's economic situation to get...? (better, worse, etc)

6. In the next 12 months, do you expect the country's economic situation to get?

This is the very important project worked by two scholars of great erudition. Many people may hesitate to add any comments on this well prepared research project. As the project workers are pointing that "[t]his project sits at the intersection of economics, politics, law, and history," let me add a comment from an economist who mainly work on international trade theory.

The project workers are more interested in the internal legal and political aspects, but the international relations in economic domains affect the domestic policy thinking tremendously and economic performance. Without a deep analysis on the economic conditions that the developing countries are confined and what kind of possibility they have, the project would not be a sufficient examination.

The trouble with economics is the dominance of neoclassical economics backed by neoliberal economic policy thought. This mode of thinking is enforced upon developing countries through IMF and World Bank and others. On the other hand, anti-mainstream economic theories in developing countries are/were deeply influenced by Marxian economics and it had/has a strong tendency to emphasize an exploitation of developing countries by developed countries. A typical argument is the unequal exchange theory of A. Emmanuel and of the dependency theory.

We need a plausible theory on the economic development of developing countries. Unfortunately, there was a strong schism between growth theory and development economics in the past. Now this schism seems to be bridged a bit but it is rather an appearance caused by the intellectual dominance of the growth theory. The latter has serious problems as a theory of economic growth and development. In this regard, let me cite three survey papers:

Shiozawa, Y. 2016 Growth Theory As It Ought to Be: Comments on Kurz and Salvadori's Two Survey Papers on Old and New Growth Theory

Kohn, M. 2009 Economic Development and Growth: A Survey

Vivarelli, M. 2015 The middle income trap: a way out based on technological and structural change. Economic Change and Restructuring.

Mine is a general criticism on the existing growth theories. Two others treat questions which were not treated in my and Kurz and Salvadori's survey papers.

In order to understand and estimate rightly the condition that the developing countries are confined, the theory of international trade is important. In this regard, please read my paper below. At the end of this paper, I mentioned on the relationships between this general theory and development economics and international political economy. The main lesson of this paper is this: Whatever happens in the institutions and political system, it is through the mediation of production techniques that the income per capita of a country is determined. Of course, institutions and legal and political systems give great influences on the development of production techniques.  

The New Theory of International Values: An Overview

Let me also inform you that I have posed three questions below on the relations between international political economy and trade theory. I have also posted several answers to the Julio César Cepeda Ladino's question.

How do International Political Economy and International Trade Theory explain the strong opposition to free-trade agreement?

Trump and Sanders are opposed to the TPP. How the International Trade theory and International Political Economy explain this?

Is conflict in international trade an illusion?

Julio César Cepeda Ladino's question:

Can International Political Economy (IPE) be considered as a field of International Relations (IR) or an autonomous discipline of the social sciences?

The Judaic view, fostered by the story of Creation, suggests that God gave the world into the care of humans, to exploit and use as they chose. No other culture has this point of view. This is the prevailing culture in the world at the moment and provides justification for industrialists and capitalists to exploit to their heart's content with no thought for the consequences. However, if humans are viewed as a small part of the natural system, then the unjustifiable exploitation of nature and natural resources does not seem so blame-free anymore. Economic justification is then not the only measure to justify turning a forest into disposable chopsticks.

There is a well-established empirical relationship between income and the proportion of expenditure on food. This relationship is known as Engel’s Law, after the Belgium economist Ernst Engel (1821-1896). This law states that as people’s income rises, they spend relatively less of the household’s budget on food. This phenomenon is found within countries, where the working class spends a relatively larger proportion of their income on food compared to middle and upper classes. It is also found on a cross-country basis, where poor countries spend relatively much more of their GNP on food compared to wealthier countries. In the USA and many European countries, the proportion spent on food is well below 20 per cent, while in poorest garment-producing countries it is well over 50 per cent. For this research we try to cluster garment-producing/exporting countries around their food-share in household budgets. 

The literature on political economy theory/approach/model/ framework that I went through is confusing, insufficient and not precise, balanced, and updated.

I NEED TO INVESTIGATE BLACK MONEY. SO NEED PROXY OF IT.

We have seen that in recent days the central “social and economic” reality are banks. In the European Union, northern counties have become “banks” of the European south. Wall street has invented a “machine” which converts “thin air” to real money. For this reality of money all citizens of the world are paying to support this “thin air” with real money. Most countries are full of dept. Can democracy survive in this framework?

See also releated TED talks

Ivan Krastev: Can democracy exist without trust?

Eric X. Li: A tale of two political systems

Rory Stewart: Why democracy matters

Yasheng Huang: Does democracy stifle economic growth?

David Cameron: The next age of government

Evgeny Morozov: How the Net aids dictatorships

Michael Sandel: The lost art of democratic debate

Michael Sandel: Why we shouldn't trust markets with our civic life

Noah Feldman: Politics and religion are technologies

Diane Benscoter: How cults rewire the brain

Zimbabwean economy is not performing as expected. heads of households have been retrenched following labor court ruling of july 2016.many households are relying on soft loans,loans obtained from micro finance,edu-loans and many others.some have accumulated hire purchase loans adding to the formal and informal debt accrued. the question is to what extent are these debt overhang and over-gearing at individual and household level causing emotional and psychological toil on families leading to divorces and other effects?