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I need research articles on BRICS some body have ?

I am scientist, here a proposal for conflict resolution

It is applicable to many issues in the world today

What are the strategies for Designing an Institutional Change Management Approach for Women Emancipation in Politics. What are your countries' experiences?

Political economy of india

To all new members I would like to extend a hearty welcome to the Political Economy discussion group.

I would like to ask all new members, who haven't already, to participate in the poll.

This group has been growing nicely and I'd like us to know where everyone is from.

I have noticed that we have a small but growing number of members from the Republic of Indonesia here.

To you "Selamat pagi/siang/sore!" (depending on what time you read this). We also have a few members from India "Namaste!". To everyone else: Please make yourself known, seen and heard. Unfortunately I'm only fluent in English and German with some minor Chinese and Japanese.

Please feel free to invite others into joining and please everyone speak up. A discussion forum is for discussion. I would hope for lively discussions here and for a fruitful exchange of ideas and experiences.

My own forte is transport economics (in particular economics of aviation and logistics) as well as International Economics. Nonetheless many of my reading and research interests overlap with Political Economy.

Please Join the MULTIDISCIPLINARY group:

Ecology & Economics and Non-Monetary Values. The Role of States and Governments

WE need contributions from ALL EXPERTS / PROFESSIONS

Please Go to the LINK, JOIN IN and place / POST your comments ON:

See you on the group! - See perhaps your contributions as well.

Thanks!

These kind of question I've heard many times but I've never heard the answer. I'm wondering if there is somebody out there who can give some ideas related to this topic?

I am researchin about SAM(social accouning matrix).how can i download SAM of countries.please help me

The short answer is yes.

The great thing about capitalism is that capital can be provided to businesses, especially those with entrepreneurial ideas or growth prospects. However, the objective of almost all PEGs, including Bain Capital, is to remove capital from businesses. Please remember that not all assets are on the Balance Sheet, especially such assets as know-how, reputation for integrity, and good will (unless capitalized due to previous M&A activity). These off-Balance Sheet assets are captured by a firm such as Bain by eliminating long-time employees, off-shoring jobs, and letting the business coast along temporarily on its previously earned reputation and previously completed R&D until Bain (or similar PEG) can get to its exit strategy---toting as many bags of cash as it can as it hustles out the door.

This investment method, which has inundated America and virtually eliminated other approaches, kills the host organism by consuming it. The confusion of most observers is to think that just because a Bain Capital is after profits, the same objective as "normal" management, that its activity is beneficial under the rubric of capitalism. This is a lie, however----as faulty as deeming a cancer cell to be beneficial because it also wishes to consume oxygen, to reproduce, and to grow ... ignoring its overall effect on the host organism. -------Regards, James

31,000,000 Americans will become age 65 in 2011. That will add $310 billion dollars to the annual budget of the United States not including the cost of Medicare and Medicaid benefits, which young American will have to pay for. It took 198 years for the U.S. Government to borrow the first trillion dollars. Then, in just another 12 years, mostly under the Reagan ministration, it borrowed another three trillion. By the first year of the George W. Bush Administration, even before the terrorist attack on September 11, the federal debt had risen to over $5.8 trillion. By 2010 it had risen to $202 trillion, when all liabilities are included.

It is difficult to comprehend such numbers. If you had a stack of $100 bills 40 inches high, you would be a millionaire. $202 trillion would rise over 127 thousand miles into space. By the time you read this, after the expenditures of subsequent administrations that stack has reached the moon.

By 2006, gross interest payments on the national debt were running $406 billion per year. That consumed 17% of all federal revenue. It now represents the governments largest single expense; greater than defense; larger than the combined cost of the departments of Agriculture, Education, Energy, Housing, and Urban Development, Interior, Justice, Labor, State, Transportation and Veteran’ affairs

These charges are not paid by the government; they are paid by you. You provide the money through taxes and inflation. The cost currently is about $5,000 for each family of four. All families pay through inflation but not all pay taxes. The cost of each taxpaying family therefore is higher. On average over $5,000 is extracted from your family each year, not to provide government services or even to pay off previous debt. Nothing is produced by it, not even roads or government buildings. No welfare or medical benefits come out of it. No salaries are paid by it. The nation’s standard of living is not raised by it. It does nothing but pay interest.

Furthermore the interest is compounded, which means, even if the government were to completely halt its deficit spending, the total debt would continue to grow as a result of interest on that portion which already exists. In 2006 interest on the national debt was already consuming 39% of all the revenue collected by personal income taxes.

Amazing, isn’t it? Without interest on the national debt we could save enough to cut our personal income taxes by a third and we could reduce corporate taxes as well. Unfortunately, under present policies and programs, that is not going to happen, because Congress does not live within its income. Many expenses are paid, not from taxes, but from selling government bonds and going deeper into debt each year. So, even if we could save enough to slash personal income taxes, it would not be enough. The government would still go into the red to keep its present life style. However if a reduction in the size and scope of the bureaucracy were accomplished at the same time, personal and corporate income taxes could be eliminated and the government would have an annual surplus.

By 2008, outlays of the federal government were one-fourth of the nation’s economy. More people now work for government than for all manufacturing companies in the private sector. There are more bank regulators than bankers, more farm-bureau workers than farmers, more welfare administrators than recipients. More citizens receive government checks than those who pay income taxes.

By 2010 the average federal worker was earning 60% more than the average worker in the private sector. By 1992 more than half of all federal outlays went for entitlements

Normally with contracts for future obligations like private insurance company pension plans, annuities, life insurance, the issuer is required by law to accumulate money into a fund to make sure that there will be enough available to make the payments when future payments become due. The federal government does not does not abide by those laws. The funds exist on paper only. The money that comes in for future obligations is immediately spent and replaced by government IOU. So as those future payments become due, all the money must come from revenue being collected at that time.

The Global Economic meltdown of 2011-2013,will result in collapse of banking industry, oil prices denominated in other than dollars, new gold backed currencies (not the dollar) of two other nations ,gold prices soaring to $5,000, and hyperinflation if the Federal Reserve Bank, a Cartel, is not abolished and stops printing fiat money

1/6th of 1% of the American public now earns more than 50% of the total income of the nations. One in every 2000 people earns as much as the remaining 1999 earn.

Only corruption can accomplish that. It has nothing to do with capitalism or democracy, which we do not have. Our Government is a republic. The ones the people elect to make the laws make the laws. The people do not. The ones the elected represent are not the people but the ones that paid the campaign funds for the election costs. Those who pay the election costs pay them for both parties.