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Doing research between drug use in rural colleges and urban colleges would like to see if any relationships have been found

I want to use already validated survey questions to measure drug use of all drug groups (stimulants, hallucinogens, depressants, inhalants, etc.) in participants.

How to calculate IC 50 value of a drug used in cancer therapy?

Dear staff,

I was one of the author's group of two articles - " Toxicity Related to Misuse (Non-Medical Use) of Tramadol: Experience of the European Drug Emergencies Network Plus (Euro-DEN Plus) Project" Br J Clin Pharmacol . 2020 Jun 5. doi: 10.1111/bcp.14408 and "Seizures as a complication of recreational drug use: Analysis of the Euro-DEN Plus data-set" Neurotoxicology 73 (2019) 183–187. Unfortunately, I can't find these articles in my research list on ResearcGate. May be the reason for this problem is that I am not in list of main authors, but as the member of so-called Euro-DEN Research Group (Corporate Author)? Is it possible to add these two articles to my and my colleague Gabija Laubner Research list on RG?

Best,

Robertas Badaras MD PhD

We have now done analysis on prevalence of doping in different collectives using alsmost the same randomized response technique.

Prevalence of "Cognitive enhancement", or illicit drug use, or a recreational misuse of prescription drugs for "hobby-doping purposes" in our general population tends to be roughly 15% in western societies.

Doping prevalence in junior elite sports is relatively low! Almost sero in the south-west german schools of elite sports (we only published a conference abstract on this; at that time we thought it is an unimportant information) and roughly 6.8% in national elite junior athletes.

Doping prevalence is very high in top-elite athletes (see link) to our recent study.

What do do?

Shall we put even more pressure on our elite athletes? Is it justified to use this result to infringe the personal rights of elite athletes even more? Is there a sense in extensive funding going into analytical attempts at all?

I would be interested in your opinion what science could possibly contribute to improve the fight against doping.

What is the most reasonable next step or shall we step out of the system and rather do something else?

Thanks for reviewing the animal studies of the 1970's and especially for describing the results of our early study that did not find that enriched rearing led adult rats to avoid self-selection of morphine and cocaine. Your review shows that the effects of early environment are complicated and also demonstrates the importance of caution in interpreting such studies. An alternative interpretation to that of Alexander, based on our results might suggest that too much stimulation in the early environment may lead adult animals (rats and humans) to continually expect and seek such stimulation by changing state through use of drugs. Could it be the case that children in today's world with an enormous amount of screen time (cell phones, internet, TV) may be at a disadvantage from the standpoint of susceptibility to drug use later in life?

Today there are adequate analytical methods to determine emerging pollutants with negative social effects, including almost all illicit drugs used by university students. Thus, for legal reasons, the measurement of drug use can be done through indirect methods, such as the measurement of waste generated in wastewater using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry.

Dear fellow researchers,

I would very much like some assistance in the following:

I've run a study on the effects of a drug using pre and post tests on 13 subscales on a single group. As such I have easily run all the relevant paired sample t tests to find the difference between the means of the pre & post results per subscale.

However I also measured many other factors which could very well be confounders, diluting the effect size/change in score. These are mainly number of hours until completion of post-test, other drugs used in the interim between experimental drug and post-test, and number of times the experimental drug had been used by the subject in the past. The first 2 of these are the most important to me.

How then can I simply avoid running dozens of t tests all over again after having omitted the participants who have I) completed post-test too late ii) excessively used other drugs in the interim iii) have had e.g. more than 10 prior experiences of the drug in question ?

I have considered multiple linear regression - adding all the confounders as well as 'change in score / difference between pre and post test' to the model. But this doesn't seem to actually achieve the above i.e. adjust *the t statistic and significance* by accounting for the confounding variables. It only seems to provide percentage contributive values per confounder. Which I suppose is somewhat helpful, if I just report each of these after the original t test results? But I ideally want to *alter* the t statistic/significance by incorporating confounders

I also considered ANCOVA - by using the 'other drug use' as the independent variable, the 'hours to post-test completion' as covariate, and the 'change in score' as the dependent variable. However, again, this does not actually adjust for confounders - the thrust of this analysis seems to be identifying how the effect of the independent V (other drug use) on the dependent V (change in score) varies with/depends on the covariate (hours to post-test)… When the independent V in reality in my study was the single use of the experimental drug (after pretest but before post-test)

...I hope anyone can be of help here. Many thanks indeed in advance :)

Pascal

Is there any specific ingredients or chemical structures that differentiate human and veterinary drugs? What will happen if pets took human drugs and vice versa? What chemical or biological interaction that may occur in each body?

Please let me know what you think about this topic. Thank you.

Hey guys

I have 20uL of a drug that has a stock concentration of 100ug/mL. I need to treat cells with this drug at different concentrations of 1ng/mL, 5ng/mL, 10ng/mL, 20ng/mL, and 50ng/mL. Each of these concentrations will be administered in two wells (each well has 200uL of media, so each concentration will need to be in around 500uL of media combined to be safe).

I do not know what is a suitable way to calculate a dilution so that it will be enough to use for each different concentration. And I'm not sure what is the amount of the drug that I use for each concentration.

Should the stock concentration be further diluted? if so, how will I do that?

Help will be much appreciated.