Zhuo-Heng Jiang’s research while affiliated with Yunnan University and other places

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Publications (16)


Distribution of species of the Ambulyx placida-group: A. japonica japonica (blue dots); A. japonica koreana (pink patch); A. japonica angustifasciata (green dots); A. placida (ochre squares); A. semiplacida semiplacida (red dots); A. semiplacida montana (black dots); A. semiplacida interplacida (orange patch); A. semiplacida bhutana (yellow dots); and A. wukong sp. nov. (purple squares).
Distribution of species of the Ambulyx schauffelbergeri- and kuangtungensis-groups included in this study: A. latifascia (black triangles); A. schauffelbergeri (red dotted line); A. sericeipennis sericeipennis (green dotted line); A. s. joiceyi (purple triangles); A. s. javanica (orange triangles); A. s. luzoni (green triangles); A. s. palawanica (red triangles); and A. tobii (yellow patch).
Distribution of the remaining species of Ambulyx from China: A. substrigilis (purple dotted line); A. siamensis (ochre squares); A. liturata (blue dotted line); A. moorei (red dotted line); A. canescens (green dotted line); A. ochracea (yellow patch); A. maculifera (black triangles); and A. zhejiangensis (pink triangles).
Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree of the genus Ambulyx based on cox1 DNA barcode sequences, reconstructed using IQ-TREE and rooted with Barbourion lemaii, Amplypterus panopus, and Anambulyx elwesi as outgroups. Nodes with SH-aLRT support values or ultrafast bootstrap (UFBoot2) values ≥90 are highlighted with black circles.
Kimura two-parameter (K2P) distances (in percentages) between taxa of the placida-group (A) and schauffelbergeri-group (B) calculated from DNA barcode sequences (cox1), with species identified as in the ggtree in Figure 4.

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A Review of the Genus Ambulyx Westwood, 1847 (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) from China Based on Morphological and Phylogenetic Analyses, with the Description of a New Species
  • Article
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February 2025

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156 Reads

Zhuo-Heng Jiang

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Simple Summary The genus Ambulyx Westwood, 1847 (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae, Smerinthinae, Macroglossini) currently comprises 57 species, 18 of which are found in China, among which complex and confusing taxonomic issues have long existed. We performed an analysis of the Ambulyx species of China based on a 658 bp region of the COI mitochondrial gene (DNA barcode) and morphological characters such as wing patterns and genital structure. We describe a new species, Ambulyx wukong Jiang & Kitching sp. nov., belonging to the placida-group and newly record two taxa, Ambulyx tattina tattina and A. semiplacida montana, all from the province of Yunnan.

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The life history of Smerinthus minor Mell, 1937, with a review of the East Asian species of the genus Smerinthus Latreille, 1802 (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae)

December 2024

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72 Reads

Zootaxa

The six species of the genus Smerinthus Latreille, 1802 known from China, namely S. caecus Ménétriés, 1857, S. kindermannii Lederer, 1853, S. minor Mell, 1937, S. ocellata (Linnaeus, 1758), S. planus Walker, 1856, and S. szechuanus (Clark, 1938) (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae, Smerinthinae, Smerinthini), are examined and illustrated, including the first description of the life history and female genitalia of S. minor. Diagnostic features and distribution maps of all Smerinthus species in East Asia are provided, together with a phylogenetic analysis based on DNA barcode sequences and a global checklist of all Smerinthus species.


Disentangling Taxonomic Confusions in the Aporia agathon Group Using Mitochondrial Genomic Data (Lepidoptera: Pieridae)

December 2024

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163 Reads

Pierid species of the Aporia agathon group are among the largest Sino-Himalayan members of genus Aporia, with four conventionally recognised species, namely A. agathon, A. largeteaui, A. gigantea, and A. lemoulti. Recent publications indicated that some of these species may contain more than one species despite their similar morphological characters. The present research analysed this group of butterflies using mitogenomic data, and proved that A. japfuensis stat. nov., A. bifurcata stat. nov., A. moltrechti reinst. stat., A. kuangtungensis stat. nov. and A. omotoi stat. nov. should be recognised as distinct species, while lemoulti stat. rev., gigantea stat. nov. and fanjinensis stat. rev. should be subspecies of A. largeteaui. Two new subspecies, namely A. kuangtungensis yufeii ssp. nov. and A. kuangtungensis josephi ssp. nov. were described. Illustrations of specimens and male and female genitalia of each taxon were provided in this article with an updated classification system. Variable melanism and yellow tinge are two major factors causing historical taxonomic confusion; thus, such characters should be less crucial for this species group. Future research is still necessary to elucidate the evolutionary history of these species along with other Aporia taxa, as well as the mechanism of variable melanism and yellow coloration.


New species and notes of the family Epicopeiidae from China (Lepidoptera, Epicopeiidae)

November 2024

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72 Reads

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1 Citation

The Indochina Entomologist

In this study we describe a new species of the genus Mimaporia Wei & Yen, 2017, Mimaporia pura sp. nov., based on morphological differences with its allied species. We also report the female of Amana angulifera Walker, 1855 for the first time. The diagnostic features including genitalia, adult habitus, habitat and distribution are illustrated.



Review of the genus Pseudodolbina Rothschild, 1894, with the description of a new species from Yunnan, China (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae)

October 2024

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97 Reads

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1 Citation

Zootaxa

The two species currently included in the genus Pseudodolbina Rothschild, 1894, Pseudodolbina fo (Walker, 1856) and Pseudodolbina aequalis Rothschild & Jordan, 1903, were studied and a new species, Pseudodolbina yunnana sp. nov., was described from Yunnan, China. The diagnostic features and a distribution map of three species are provided, with a phylogenetic analysis based on DNA barcodes.


Photograph of an adult specimen of the Theretra japonica (Photo by Zhuo-Heng Jiang).
Hi-C interaction heatmaps, with each chromosome and contig framed in blue and green, respectively.
Characterization of the Theretra japonica genome. From the outer ring to the inner ring are the distributions of chromosome length, GC content, gene density, TEs (DNA, SINE, LINE, and LTR), and simple repeats.
Chromosome-level Genome Assembly of Theretra japonica (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae)

July 2024

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77 Reads

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1 Citation

Scientific Data

Theretra japonica is an important pollinator and agricultural pest in the family Sphingidae with a wide range of host plants. High-quality genomic resources facilitate investigations into behavioral ecology, morphological and physiological adaptations, and the evolution of genomic architecture. However, chromosome-level genome of T. japonica is still lacking. Here we sequenced and assembled the high-quality genome of T. japonica by combining PacBio long reads, Illumina short reads, and Hi-C data. The genome was contained in 95 scaffolds with an accumulated length of 409.55 Mb (BUSCO calculated a genome completeness of 99.2%). The 29 pseudochromosomes had a combined length of 403.77 Mb, with a mapping rate of 98.59%. The genomic characterisation of T. japonica will contribute to further studies for Sphingidae and Lepidoptera.


Revision of the Genus Rhagastis Rothschild & Jordan, 1903 (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) from China, Based on Morphological and Phylogenetic Analyses

May 2024

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243 Reads

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1 Citation

Simple Summary Simple Summary: The genus Rhagastis Rothschild & Jordan, 1903 (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae, Macroglossinae, Macroglossini) currently comprises sixteen species, ten of which are found in China; however, complex and confusing taxonomic issues have existed for a long time. We performed an analysis based on a 658-bp region of the COI mitochondrial gene (DNA barcode) and morphological characteristics such as the wing pattern and genital structure of the albomarginatus group, the castor group, the olivacea group and other species, demonstrating that subspecies of Rhagastis albomarginatus and R. castor should be treated as good species, i.e., Rhagastis dichroae stat. nov., R. everetti stat. nov., R. aurifera stat. rev., R. chinensis stat. nov., R. formosana stat. nov., and R. jordani stat. rev. Abstract Here, the taxonomy of the genus Rhagastis Rothschild & Jordan, 1903 (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae, Macroglossinae, Macroglossini) from China is revised based on differences in wing morphology, male and female genitalia, and the phylogenetic relationship of the DNA barcodes. Subspecies of Rhagastis albomarginatus (Rothschild, 1894) and R. castor (Walker, 1856) are treated as “good” species, namely Rhagastis dichroae Mell, 1922 stat. nov.; R. everetti Rothschild & Jordan, 1903 stat. nov.; R. aurifera (Butler, 1875) stat. rev.; R. chinensis Mell, 1922 stat. nov.; R. formosana Clark, 1925 stat. nov.; and R. jordani Oberthür, 1904 stat. rev. The distribution maps, biological notes, and ecological records of the genus Rhagastis Rothschild & Jordan, 1903 from China are given, and a species inventory of genus Rhagastis in the world is also included.



New insights into the phylogeny of Stephanidae (Hymenoptera: Apocrita), with a revision of the fossil species

November 2023

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328 Reads

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4 Citations

Arthropod Systematics and Phylogeny

The family Stephanidae (Hymenoptera) constitutes a unique group within the Apocrita, playing a pivotal role in the evolution of parasitoid wasps. Although the phylogeny of Stephanidae has been previously inferred, it remains at a low resolution when considering both extinct and extant genera, as well as the enigmatic extinct genus † Electrostephanus . Here, we undertake a revision of Stephanidae extinct, presenting descriptions of new specimens from late Cretaceous Burmese amber and early Eocene Baltic amber. Combining all extant and extinct genera, the phylogeny of Stephanidae was analyzed, incorporating 57 species within 21 genera based on 64 morphological characters. We apply both under maximum parsimony with equal weighting and implied weighting methods, with four species representing early Apocrita as outgroups. Divergence times are estimated by utilizing extinct taxa as calibration points. A new basal subfamily of stephanid wasp, †Lagenostephaninae subf. nov. was established, encompassing † Lagenostephanus and the newly described genera † Tumidistephanus gen. nov and † Neurastephanus gen. nov . The genus † Electrostephanus is redefined, with two species assigned under distinct genera, † Neurastephanus gen. nov. and † Aphanostephanus gen. nov. . We discuss some of the putative morphological synapomorphies of evolutionary significance within the phylogenetic framework. Our results complement several characteristics of great taxonomic importance for Stephanidae and provide new insights into the early evolution of the family.


Citations (8)


... The genus Mimaporia Wei & Yen, 2017(type species M. hmong Wei & Yen, 2017, by original designation) is a small epicopeiid genus characterised by the absence of chaetosemata, the vein M 2 situated closer to vein M 3 than to the stem of veins R 5 and M 1 on forewing and the phallus with a strongly sclerotised shaft (Wei & Yen 2017;Huang et al. 2019). Currently three described species are known in the genus: M. hmong Wei & Yen, 2017 from Sapa, North Vietnam, M. owadai Huang & Wang, 2019 from West Sichuan, West China and M. pura Yu & Jiang, 2024 from Southwest Yunnan, Southwest China (Wei & Yen 2017;Huang et al. 2019;Yu et al. 2024), and all of them are only known from a small number of specimens. ...

Reference:

Description of a new species of the genus Mimaporia Wei & Yen (Lepidoptera: Geometroidea: Epicopeiidae)
New species and notes of the family Epicopeiidae from China (Lepidoptera, Epicopeiidae)

The Indochina Entomologist

... Recently, an additional subfamily, Langiinae, were proposed as a basal clade of the family (Wang et al., 2021). Sphingidae usually pose a significant threat to agricultural production (Yan et al., 2024), and are also considered as resource insects (Kawahara et al., 2009;Li et al., 2024;Reinwald et al., 2022). In ecosystems, the sphingid moths pollinate many nocturnal flowering plants (Krpač et al., 2019), while their larvae consume leaves of various host plants (Nagamine et al., 2019). ...

Chromosome-level Genome Assembly of Theretra japonica (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae)

Scientific Data

... 2350 m) altitudes of mountain areas in Taiwan [12]. The males are easily drawn to light, whereas females are less frequently captured using light traps [13]. The wing length of R. binoculata ranges from 54 to 70 mm. ...

Revision of the Genus Rhagastis Rothschild & Jordan, 1903 (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) from China, Based on Morphological and Phylogenetic Analyses

... Cretaceous amber from northern Myanmar has yielded a remarkable diversity of hymenopteran wasps, with over 350 species in 202 genera across 70 families reported over the past century [11]. These include both extinct and extant taxa, such as Evaniidae and Aulacidae [12], Gasteruptiidae [13], Pelecinidae [14,15], Ichneumonidae [16], Formicidae [17], and Stephanidae [18]. The first fossil Maimetshidae from Myanmar included two genera and two species [10]. ...

New insights into the phylogeny of Stephanidae (Hymenoptera: Apocrita), with a revision of the fossil species

Arthropod Systematics and Phylogeny

... Mitochondrial DNA barcodes, as well as their combination with nuclear genes, have been widely used to solve taxonomic problems of varying complexity, e.g., in butterflies (Refs [9][10][11][12][13][14]). An increase in the length of the molecular matrix up to the phylogenomic and genome-wide data dramatically increases the resolution of phylogenetic and taxonomic analyses [15]. ...

A revision of the Pieris napi-complex (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) and similar species with distribution in China

Arthropod Systematics and Phylogeny

... China has a mega-biodiversity of butterflies, especially in southern Yunnan, where the physical environment is highly heterogeneous (Zhang et al., 2020;Lee, 1995;Chen et al., 2012). Over the past decade, many new taxa and new records of butterflies have been discovered and described (Hu & Zhang, 2010;Hu et al., 2012a, b;Lang, 2012;Zhang et al., 2020;Ge et al., 2021;He et al., 2021;Zhang et al., 2021). In China, some Indochinese forest species could only be found in southern Yunnan. ...

New Records of Butterflies from China (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea): Two Genera, Eleven Species and Two Subspecies

... China has a mega-biodiversity of butterflies, especially in southern Yunnan, where the physical environment is highly heterogeneous (Zhang et al., 2020;Lee, 1995;Chen et al., 2012). Over the past decade, many new taxa and new records of butterflies have been discovered and described (Hu & Zhang, 2010;Hu et al., 2012a, b;Lang, 2012;Zhang et al., 2020;Ge et al., 2021;He et al., 2021;Zhang et al., 2021). In China, some Indochinese forest species could only be found in southern Yunnan. ...

The first record of the monospecific genus Rhinopalpa (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) from China

... comm.). Four species have been reported from China to date (Lang, 2012;Wu & Hsu, 2017;Jiang et al., 2019): Westwood, 1850, R. tonkiniana Fruhstorfer, 1906, R. nakula Moore, 1857, and R. parvata Moore, 1857(Fruhstorfer, 1906Horsfield & Moore, 1857;Westwood, 1850). ...

A note on the genus Rohana from China (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)