Zhi-Yong Wang’s research while affiliated with First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University and other places

To address the challenge of achieving stable in-phase coherent optical field in high-power laser arrays, we propose a novel dual Talbot diffraction coupling method that combines the on-chip self-injection effect with a mixed-resonant cavity diode laser array (MDLA). The designed MDLA incorporate two types of resonant cavities and an integrated external fractional Talbot cavity to compensate for in-phase mode phase delays. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the near-field optical pattern can be self-imaged via self-organized phase-locking, while the far-field optical pattern of in-phase mode can be coherently enhanced and modulated to exhibit a single-lobe pattern successfully. Furthermore, this method could inherently provide strong optical coupling and overcome the limited scalability of the weakly-coupled laser arrays. Ultimately, by leveraging self-organized phase-locking and Talbot-induced mode discrimination, our approach offers a robust platform for realizing high-power coherent laser sources with scalable integration potential.

Peripheral neuropathy (PN) identified as a significant contributor to disability in Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) patients. This study seeks to assess the utility of current perception threshold (CPT) measurements in evaluating PN in individuals with SCA3 and aims to identify factors influencing CPT values in SCA3 and ascertain whether these values correlate with the severity of ataxia. Ninety-four patients diagnosed with SCA3 and 44 healthy controls were recruited for this investigation. All participants were performed standard CPT assessments. Comparative analysis was conducted on CPT variables between the groups. Multivariable linear regression models were employed to identify potential risk factors influencing CPT values, and to investigate the association between CPT values and the severity of ataxia in SCA3. The case group exhibited significantly higher values across all CPT variables compared to the control group (P < 0.01). Peripheral neuropathy was prevalent among SCA3 patients, with lower limb nerves demonstrating greater susceptibility than upper limb nerves. Increasing age (β = 1.813, P = 0.012) and heightened ataxia severity (β = 3.763, P = 0.013) as predictors of poorer CPT values. Gender also emerged as a predictor of CPT values. Furthermore, CPT values (β = 0.003, P = 0.013) and disease duration (β = 0.118, P < 0.001) were associated with more severe ataxia. Our findings suggest that the CPT test holds promise for assessing peripheral neuropathy in SCA3 patients and that CPT values may serve as indicators of disease severity in this population.

Rationale Surgical intervention for synchronous head-and-neck and esophageal cancers often results in complex dysphagia, significantly affecting postoperative quality of life. Swallowing dysfunction may become permanent or worsen, with potential impacts on noncancer-related mortality. Patient concerns We report a rare case of multiple synchronous squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck (tonsillar and epiglottic cancer) along with esophageal cancer, presenting for dysphagia rehabilitation following surgery. Diagnoses Comprehensive evaluations—including magnetic resonance imaging, laryngoscopy, gastroscopy, and histopathology—led to diagnoses of left tonsil cancer (squamous cell carcinoma, T2N2bM0), epiglottic cancer (squamous cell carcinoma, T1N2bM0), and lower esophageal cancer (squamous cell carcinoma, T2N0M0). Postoperative videofluoroscopic swallowing study identified an anastomotic stricture at the level of the fifth cervical vertebra. Interventions The patient underwent an 8-week rehabilitation program incorporating stretching exercises, swallowing behavior therapy, super-supraglottic swallow techniques, catheter balloon dilation, electrical stimulation, and respiratory therapy. Outcomes Following rehabilitation, the patient was able to resume partial oral intake without aspiration, with significant improvement in anastomotic stricture and swallowing function. Lessons This case of dysphagia underscores the anastomotic stenosis resulting from oncological surgical intervention. Dysphagia is a frequent complication in patients with synchronous head-and-neck and esophageal cancers. Comprehensive rehabilitation and assessment of swallowing function enabled safe oral intake postoperatively in this patient.

Background Peripheral neuropathy (PN) identified as a significant contributor to disability in SCA3 patients. Objectives This study seeks to assess the utility of current perception threshold (CPT) measurements in evaluating PN in individuals with SCA3 and aims to identify factors influencing CPT values in SCA3 and ascertain whether these values correlate with the severity of ataxia. Methods Ninety-four patients diagnosed with SCA3 and 44 healthy controls were recruited for this investigation. All participants were performed standard CPT assessments. Comparative analysis was conducted on CPT variables between the groups. Multivariable linear regression models were employed to identify potential risk factors influencing CPT values, and to investigate the association between CPT values and the severity of ataxia in SCA3. Results The case group exhibited significantly higher values across all CPT variables compared to the control group (P < 0.01). Peripheral neuropathy was prevalent among SCA3 patients, with lower limb nerves demonstrating greater susceptibility than upper limb nerves. Increasing age at onset (AAO) (β = 17.652, P = 0.01) and heightened ataxia severity (β = 33.47, P = 0.011) as predictors of poorer CPT values. Gender also emerged as a predictor of CPT values. Furthermore, CPT values (β = 0, P = 0.011) and disease duration (β = 0.105, P = 0.000) were found to influence the severity of ataxia. Conclusion Our findings suggest that the CPT test holds promise for assessing peripheral neuropathy in SCA3 patients and that CPT values may serve as indicators of disease severity in this population.

Background: Chronic liver disease has been reported to be associated with peripheral neuropathy. However, which sensory fibers are affected remains unknown. The objective of this study was to examine the function of sensory nerve fibers in patients with cirrhosis using the current perception threshold (CPT) test, as well as the correlation between blood biochemical indicators related to cirrhosis and CPT values. Methods: We recruited 44 patients with liver cirrhosis and 37 healthy controls of the same age and gender. The Neurometer® system for the CPT test was used to stimulate the median nerve on the right index finger, as well as the deep and superficial peroneal nerves on the right hallux, using three distinct parameters (2000 Hz, 250 Hz, and 5 Hz). Comparative analysis was performed on the CPT values of the sensory nerves. Additionally, the correlation between CPT values and biochemical blood indicators in the study participants was analyzed. Results: Under 2000 Hz electrical stimulation, there was a significant difference between the cirrhosis and healthy control groups in the median nerve as well as the deep and superficial peroneal nerves (p < 0.05). In addition, the median nerve CPT value of the cirrhosis group was significantly higher than that of the control group at an electrical stimulation frequency of 250 Hz (p = 0.005). There was no correlation between CPT values and blood biochemical indicators. Conclusion: According to the results, the sensory peripheral neuropathy in liver cirrhosis is mainly manifested as Aβ fiber neuropathy.

OBJECTIVES A retrospective study was conducted on patients who underwent spinal implant surgery in our hospital from June 2019 to June 2022. The predictive model of postoperative incision infection combined detection factor was constructed by Logistic regression analysis and other statistical methods, and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was drawn to analyze the application value of the model. METHODS A total of 888 patients who underwent spinal surgery in our hospital from June 2019 to June 2022 were included. The patients' age, hypertension, diabetes and other disease history were retrospectively analyzed. Patients who underwent blood cell analysis and C-reactive protein serological detection 3 days after surgery were screened out, and relevant clinical data were collected. The independent risk factors of SSI were screened out by Lasso regression and Logistics regression analysis, and the prediction model of SSI joint detection factors was established according to the independent risk factors, and the application value of the model was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) and calibration curve. RESULTS A total of 16 risk factors of 888 patients were analyzed by Lasoo regression model. Gender (regression coefficient: -0.241), age (regression coefficient: 0.0382), hypertension (regression coefficient: -0.826), diabetes (regression coefficient: 1.953), smoking history (regression coefficient: 0.692) 5 related predictors. Logistic regression analysis of Lasoo analysis results showed that age: (OR= 1.024,95%CI: 0.984-1.169), smoking history: (OR=1.512,95%CI :0.416-4.513), diabetes: (OR=5.898,95%CI: 2.075-16.240); CRP: (OR= 1.029,95%CI: 1.020-1.039) four independent risk factors. Combined factor prediction Normogram was established according to age, diabetes, smoking history and C-reactive protein value 3 days after operation. The C index of the Normograph model based on the above predictive factors was 0.9, and the AUC value was 0.900. The calibration curve shows that the predicted results are in good agreement with the observed results。 CONCLUSION The combined prediction model based on age, diabetes, smoking history and C-reactive protein 3 days after surgery has potential clinical application value for surgical site infection after spinal surgery.

Objective The aim of this study is to explore the therapeutic effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on post stroke shoulder pain (PSSP). Methods We enrolled 13 individuals in this study who underwent three different treatments in a random sequence: active tDCS+active TENS, active tDCS+sham TENS, and sham tDCS+active TENS. Each treatment was administered once, with a 3-day washout period between interventions. A blinded rater assessed the visual analog scale (VAS) scores, fNIRS readings, and sensory and pain tolerance thresholds of the participants before and after the stimulation. Results All three treatment methods can significantly alleviate PSSP (p<0.05). Compared with using tDCS alone, tDCS+TENS can significantly improve pain, with a statistically significant difference (p<0.05). In the 2KHz PTT task, the three treatment methods showed significant differences (p<0.05) in the mean oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO) levels in the false premotor cortex (PMC)/auxiliary motor area (SMA) before and after intervention. Conclusion The combination of tDCS+TENS can increase the pain-relieving impact on PSSP when compared to using tDCS alone. TENS may contribute an additional effect on the inhibitory systems influenced by tDCS that help reduce pain. Clinical Registration Number Registration website: https://www.chictr.org.cn. Registration date: 2022-02-25. Registration number: ChiCTR2200056970.

Background: Skin toxicity of varying severity occurs mostly during various courses of chemotherapy. In clinical trials and practice, we have found that both nab-paclitaxel and paclitaxel cause side effects such as rash and pruritus. To further clarify the incidence of rash and pruritus in both, we conducted the present study by a systematic evaluation, the results of which can be used to guide clinical dosing choices. Methods: An electrical search was performed on randomized controlled research trials of nab-paclitaxel and paclitaxel for the treatment of malignancies. The necessary data were extracted, integrated, and analyzed from the included studies by systematic evaluation and meta-analysis, depending on the study design. Further subgroup analyses were performed to explore the incidence of rash and pruritus in nab-paclitaxel and paclitaxel. Results: Eleven studies with a total of 971 patients with malignancy were included. Four studies were application of single-agent nab-paclitaxel compared with paclitaxel, and seven studies were comparative chemotherapy drug combinations. The incidence of rash was higher in all grades of nab-paclitaxel than that in paclitaxel (OR=1.39, CI 95% [1.18-1.62]); the incidence of rash was higher in lower grades of paclitaxel than that in solvent-based paclitaxel (OR=1.31, CI 95% [1.11-1.53]); the incidence of rash was higher in all grades in the single-agent application comparison. The incidence of rash was higher in nab-paclitaxel than that in paclitaxel (OR=1.81, CI 95% [1.26-2.59]); there was no significant difference in the incidence of pruritus between nab-paclitaxel and paclitaxel (OR=1.19, CI 95% [0.88-1.61]). Conclusion: In comparison with paclitaxel, nab-paclitaxel significantly increased the risk of a teething rash. There was a significant risk correlation between nab-paclitaxel and teething rash. Early prevention, identification, and treatment of rash could significantly improve patient's quality of life and optimize their clinical survival.

Muscularis macrophages, as the most abundant immune cells in the intestinal muscularis externa, exhibit tissue protective phenotype in the steady state. Owing to tremendous advances in technology, we now know the fact that muscularis macrophages are a heterogeneous population of cells which could be divided into different functional subsets depending on their anatomic niches. There is emerging evidence showing that these subsets, through molecular interactions with their neighbours, take part in a wide range of physiological and pathophysiological processes in the gut. In this review, we summarize recent progress (particularly over the past 4 years) on distribution, morphology, origin and functions of muscularis macrophages and, where possible, the characteristics of specific subsets in response to the microenvironment they occupy, with particular emphasis on their role in muscular inflammation. Furthermore, we also integrate their role in inflammation-related gastrointestinal disorders, such as post-operative ileus and diabetic gastroparesis, in order to propose future therapeutic strategies.