Yuliia Khvesyk’s research while affiliated with Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv and other places

The development of the retail market in Ukraine and in the world requires the improvement of methods and models of effective interaction of supply and demand in the supply chain for the purchase of goods of daily demand. The article presents an integrated method for demand driven supply chain management at the distribution stage for FMCG (Fast moving consumer goods). The influence of end-consumers and demand on the functioning of the logistics system has been investigated. The approach is based on systems analysis, which shows the interdependence of the parameters of the logistics system and the consumption system. The approach takes into account the parameters of consumers and the logistics system and is an extension of knowledge on the use of consumer-oriented approach in the logistics system (demand-driven supply chain). The obtained results can be used in planning and organizing a modern demand driven supply chain.

In the current conditions of sharp change in demand and instability of markets, there is a need to develop a method and evaluation criterion that would meet the sustainable scenario of a supplying goods system including the consumer-driven concept. The analysis of goods distribution methods showed that to assess the integrated efficiency between the supply system and its end-consumers, it is advisable to apply integrated criterion efficiency—generalized distribution utility. The developed indicator takes into account the profit of the distribution channel (or its participants) and the generalized costs of end users during shopping activity. Based on the proposed indicator, the feasibility of using vehicle capacity is substantiated, which provides the maximum generalized distribution costs value and corresponds to the optimal sustainable distribution in consumer-driven logistics.

Issues related to protection of the air basin from pollution by industrial and ventilation emissions, which is one of the most important problems of our time, study of the principles of sustainable nature management based on new effective methods and cleaning devices, improvement of existing gas cleaning equipment, search for solutions. problems of the industry and formation of the effective dust-cleaning equipment. Possible ways to improve the equipment for cleaning gases from dust by creating dust collectors, where the principles of operation of several devices are combined, are considered. This can not only increase the degree of cleaning, but also reduce the production area occupied by dust cleaning equipment, reduce energy costs for the cleaning process and thus reduce the cost of cleaning compared to using several separate devices, the principles of which are combined in this equipment. It is proposed to improve the dust collector while eliminating the shortcomings identified during testing and operation. It is shown that in order to use the obtained advantages in the improvement and creation of devices of other types it is necessary to develop scientific bases of creation of these devices, to develop methods of their experimental researches and processing of the received results. The ultimate goal of any design development is to reduce the cost of products with high quality. The existing methods of extracting dust particles from the stream are analyzed. Methods and equipment for dust collection are considered. The necessity of creating highly efficient devices for air purification from fine dust has been proved. The limits of influence of various factors on the processes of dust collection are revealed. The purpose of determining the application of existing dry methods in the field of dust extraction from the stream is considered. The analysis of existing methods of air purification from dust on the basis of modeling is carried out. The influence of air environment on particle motion is shown. The method of calculation of designs of development of highly effective dust-cleaning equipment and its successful practical operation is given.

In article is analyzed energy cooperatives as an organizational basis for the establishment of a "green" economy and the achievement of sustainable development in rural areas. The concepts of "green" economy, "green" energy cooperatives are presented. Ukraine's obligations in the energy sector as a candidate for membership of the European Union within the framework of the European Green Course are determined. Global world changes in electricity production for 2015-2024 are indicated, where the share of renewable energy sources increases every year, and the share of fossil fuels decreases. The necessity of creating energy cooperatives in rural areas is proved, and their economic, social and environmental advantages are given. Cooperatives are a sustainable form of economic organization, because they implement the principles of sustainability, in particular the principle of caring for society. Cooperatives are the most capable integration formations to realize the expectations of sustainable management. In addition, the article links such indicators as the percentage of the population that is unable to properly heat their homes with the number of energy cooperatives in European countries. Accordingly, the number of energy cooperatives and the number of people who can sufficiently heat their homes increases every year. Energy cooperatives provide energy democracy, which is an important element of social justice in the process of building a "green" economy and achieving sustainable development, including in rural areas. The article analyzes the foreign experience of the organizational component of the creation and functioning of energy cooperatives, examples of already established energy cooperatives in our country are given. The role of energy cooperatives in achieving the European Green Deal and the post-war reconstruction of Ukraine is determined. The importance of creating energy cooperatives in the countryside by uniting representatives of local businesses, citizens and municipalities were noted. The increase in economic benefits for business as a result of the creation and participation in the energy cooperative, due to the increase in the added value of its products, has been proven.

Overcoming destructive changes in the processes of transformation of the natural resource use of territorial communities requires the development of new approaches aimed at ensuring a balance of interests and effective interaction between the authorities, business, and the state in the field of environmental management. An urgent task is to form an updated systemic organization of spatial natural and economic formations to implement integrated management of the natural resource potential of Ukraine. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the methodology of a system-integrated assessment of the natural and economic potential of Ukraine in the context of sustainable development. The methodological basis of the research is the subject-object method. The dialectical method of applying economic laws, analysis, synthesis, economic-statistical, monographic, and abstract-logical methods was used to generalize the results obtained. Ways of solving the problems of transforming the model of state influence on the modernization processes of public-private forms of ensuring sustainable development of territories were proposed. It will allow finding a balance in the structure of resource management, in the plane of the spatial organization of natural economic activity. The authors focus on forming management systems at the lower territorial level. The updated, by modern requirements, methodology for assessing the efficiency of using the space of economic activity has been substantiated. It has been proved that an actual result can be achieved when considering three fundamental regularities of ensuring the efficiency of production and economic, interregional and intersectoral interaction of regional social, economic, and ecological systems. These study results are the basis for forming a systemic and universal concept of the transition of Ukraine and its regions to sustainable development in conditions of resource constraints and the constant strengthening of social, political, military, environmental, and economic threats and risks.

The European green course has influenced the introduction of a "green" economy, the implementation of which requires the application of processes and procedures that will ensure the activities of the enterprise in agriculture in accordance with the developed national strategy and goals. Such a system, expressed through the organizational and institutional support of the green economy, will achieve the set economic, social and environmental goals and adhere to measures to meet the needs of future generations. Accordingly, the aim of the article was to reveal the peculiarities of the conceptualization of organizational and institutional support for the development of a "green" economy in agriculture. During the writing of the article in the process of research dialectical methods of scientific knowledge of the process of ensuring the development of green economy in agriculture, first of all analysis and synthesis, were used. Induction and deduction methods were also used to characterize the organizational and institutional parts of the provision. The study found that the system of organizational and institutional support of the "green" economy combines various interdisciplinary aspects of economic, social, environmental and institutional components for the organization of activities under the European Green Course, the National Concept of Green Transition, National Environmental Policy Strategy and others regulations. Institutional support for the development of the green economy is responsible for the formation of appropriate formal and informal institutions that will create conditions for further activities to achieve the goals. In general, institutional ties are just forming. Accordingly, the system of organizational and institutional support of the "green" economy, which combines various interdisciplinary aspects of economic, social, environmental and institutional components for organizing activities on the main objectives of the "European Green Course" and the national concept of "green" transition and "green" energy will not be formed. Also, the institutional component of the green economy is not yet fully formed and is in the process of formation, and the development of components of both organizational and institutional direction depend on each other. These systems highlighted the main points of organizational and institutional support of the green economy in agriculture and helped to reveal the main components of this process.

The purpose of this article is to analyze the dynamics of tourist streams between Ukraine and other countries of the world, as well as to identify the factors that influence the development of international tourism most of all. Research methodology. The most important statistical indicators that characterize tourist streams are the number of Ukrainians who visited other countries for tourist purposes and the number of tourists - citizens of other countries, who arrived in Ukraine. In our study of the tourist streams of Ukraine the mathematical indicator that reflects the features of tourist streams and their socio-economic importance for the development of international tourism in the country, namely the coefficient of tourist exchanges, was used. Selected for the research were the countries visited by more than 50 thousand tourists from Ukraine for at least 2 years in a row. The total number of the tourists includes persons who travelled for official, tourism, and private purposes (without vehicle servicing personnel and servicemen). Results of the research. Most tourists from Ukraine go to neighboring countries, namely to Russia, Moldova, Belarus, Poland, Romania, Hungary, and Turkey. Turkey is a popular holiday destination among Ukrainians, because it's close to Ukraine and can provide tourists with a good service. It is necessary to take into account the fact that a large number of Ukrainians work abroad, mainly in Europe, as well as in Russia. When these people leave for a foreign country, they can state their visit is private, not working; therefore, they are mistakenly defined as tourists. The donor countries of tourists who come to Ukraine are (the coefficient tends to "1") Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, and the United States. The countries for which Ukraine is a donor of tourists are the (coefficient tends to "-1") United Arab Emirates, Egypt, Cyprus, Spain, Greece, Austria, Turkey, and Poland. Scientific novelty. For the first time, the coefficient of tourist exchanges of Ukraine in relation to 29 countries of the world for 2012 and 2017 was calculated. The donor countries of tourists coming to Ukraine, as well as the countries for which Ukraine is a donor of tourists were identified. Practical significance. It is to reveal the fact that Ukraine is a donor country for tourists. Given the fact that Ukraine is rich in tourist resources, over time, using the experience of tourist countries around the world, it can change this status and receive more foreign tourists.

The article focuses on the results of a new analysis conducted by the World Bank, according to which the COVID-19 pandemic threatens not only economic development, but also the achievements of the last decade in the fields of health and education, environmental protection. Examples of slowing down economic activity through the introduction of quarantine and reducing the anthropogenic impact on the environment are given. Crises such as epidemics and economic downturns usually divert attention from global environmental issues. The authors of the article argue that in the future, advocates of sustainable environmental development, renewable energy and conscious consumption will need to make even greater efforts to prevent society from rolling back to dirty technologies, and for funding and public support they will need to demonstrate how the same Climate change corresponds to today's problems. It has been proven that the slowdown in economic activity due to the epidemic is a serious challenge to the environment, on the one hand, and opportunities – on the other. After a recession and reduced emissions, there is usually a rapid increase. States are investing heavily in large-scale production and infrastructure projects to quickly create jobs and emerge from the crisis. It is now extremely important that these investments take place on the principles of sustainable development. It is impossible to allow the construction of new coal-fired CHPs, disposable plastic plants, and the development of new oil fields. Also in this article, the authors analyze two key aspects of the impact of COVID-19 on the economy, environment and society: geospatial aspects of food security and the accumulation of problems in the field of medical waste. The importance of the former is recognized at the highest level, and the ideologue of its solution – the UN World Food Program – became the 2020 Nobel Laureate. At the same time, the main environmental commandment "reuse, recycle, reduce" in a pandemic does not work. Everyone buys medical masks, although their effectiveness has been proven to protect healthy people from the virus for a short period of time (masks should be changed every two hours and worn if you are near an infected person or have symptoms of the virus yourself). It is already known that South Korea, followed by the EU, is developing a plan of green economic incentives to overcome the crisis. The UN is urging other countries to make sure their post-crisis investments are climate-friendly. Ukraine should follow suit, creating environmental and economic recovery plans now. In particular, it is important to support green business and reorient dirty production, as well as look for optimal ways to handle medical waste.

The article reveals the main ecological and natural and technogenic prerequisites for the formation of adverse environmental conditions in today's Ukraine. The authors consider the functional dimension of modern threats to sustainable development and propose a classification depending on their origin, including classic and synergistic threats, transformations of human consciousness as well as social, ecological and economic imbalances. It has been found that the main problems of institutional ensuring of the environmental protection in Ukraine are primarily caused property transformation, economic relations, restructuring of the mechanisms relating to the functioning of industrial enterprises, which is aggravated by the difficult social and economic situation in the regions. The study is devoted to the development of conceptual bases, principles and scenarios of modelling of environmental safety in the system of sustainable development. It considers artificiality, structural instability, quantifiability and duality of environmental safety. Factor and time components of safety determined according to the modified stochastic approach are also disclosed. They interpret the dependence of the environmental competitiveness of the region with regard to environmental hazard (component by component), innovation and investment activity aimed at improving the state of the environment. The authors of the paper argue that safety modelling, in view of institutional transformations (or responses), characterises the level of response to challenges, taking into account the analysis of environmental safety issues in terms of sustainable development, the state of legal mechanisms, the struggle against threats and risks, etc. In the light of the aforementioned, the authors of the article have developed an econometric model of the period and change in the dependence of the ecological competitiveness of the territory with regard to environmental hazard, innovation and investment activities aimed at improving the state of the environment. The obtained results, based on the modified stochastic approach using real information that quantitatively reflects the features of such processes, have prove a significant impact of genetic factors on the competitiveness of Ukraine.