Yu Chul Park’s scientific contributions

To identify the flora of the vascular plant on Chujado Island in Chuja-myeon, Jeju-si, Jeju Province, Korea, eleven field surveys were conducted between April to September of 2013 and from May to September of 2018. The results of the surveys identified 558 taxa, with 97 families, 311 genera, 481 species, two subspecies, 65 varieties, and ten forms of vascular plants on Chujado Island. Of the 558 taxa identified, seven were endemic species and eight were rare plants according to the Korea Forest Service. Furthermore, 109 of the taxa identified were from floristic environments, while 62 were considered to be naturalized plants, with three of these considered to be invasive and causes of ecosystem disturbances. The highest degree of similarity among the plants from seven sites adjacent to Chujado Island was found on Saengil Island, at 51.7%.

As part of an ongoing project promoted by the Korea National Arboretum, aimed at tracing the original materials used to describe vascular plant taxa in Korea, we detected problems with the typification of Neoscirpus dioicus Y.N.Lee & Y.C.Oh (2006b: 25) and some nomenclatural issues related to that name.

Mt. Cheonma (Namyangju-si, Gyeonggi-do Prov.) is located at the edge of the Gwangju Mountain range and has been designated as a County Park to protect its natural ecosystem. However, some parts of low land and valley sides of this mountain have been exposed to anthropogenic disturbances such as farming and recreational facilities for visitors. Therefore, it is essential to identify the existing species distributed in Mt. Cheonma for conservation of this mountain’s natural environment. Previously, a total of five floristic investigations have been conducted for this mountain and the number of plant species were categorized from 396 to 433 species, which is lower than those found from other mountains near the Gwangju Mountain ranges. We carried out eight more surveys from March to June 2018 to conduct more thorough floristic investigation. As a result, the total number of vascular plant in this region was 576 taxa that comprised 95 families, 305 genera, 501 species, 4 subspecies, 61 varieties, and 10 forms. In comparison with previous studies, 144 species were newly detected in this study, including 12 endemic species, 4 rare and endangered species, 30 floristic local indicator plant species, and 7 invasive species. Further surveys in autumn and winter 2019 will be conducted, and it is likely that the total number of plant taxa of Mt. Cheonma will be increased. 경기도 남양주시 천마산은 광주산맥 끝자락에 위치하고 있으며, 자연생태계보호를 위해 군립공원으로 지정되어 있다. 그러나 저지대의 일부는 경작지로 이용되고 있으며, 북사면의 계곡주변은 위락시설들이 조성되어 탐방객의 인위적인 식생훼손이 우려된다. 따라서 현존하는 종의 실태를 명확히 파악하는 것이 중요하다. 기존에 천마산 식물상 연구는 5차례 수행된 바가 있으며, 확인된 분류군은 396∼433분류군 정도로 광주산맥 인근 산들에 비해 비교적 낮은 수치이다. 현존하는 식물다양성은 알려진 종들보다 높을 것으로 판단되어 국립수목원은 2018년 3월부터 6월까지 8차례에 걸쳐 조사를 실시하였으며, 그 결과 95과 305속 501종 4아종 61변종 10품종의 총 576분류군의 생육을 확인하였다. 기존에 발표된 자료와 비교 시 144분류군이 새로이 확인되었으며, 그 중 특산식물은 12분류군, 희귀식물은 4분류군, 식물구계학적특정식물종은 30분류군, 귀화식물은 7분류군이 확인되었다.

Field surveys were conducted from April 2008 to September 2018 to investigate the vascular flora in Mt. Taegi (1,261.4 m) located in Gangwon Province. The results revealed 673 taxa, comprising 87 families, 338 genera, 590 species, 4 subspecies, 66 varieties, 13 forms. Among them, pteridophyta was 33 taxa (4.9%), gymnosperm was 8 taxa (1.1%), dicotyledon was 498 taxa (74%), monocotyledon was 129 taxa (19.2%). Korean endemic plants of this area were 24 taxa and the Korea Forest Service designated rare plants were identified as 13 taxa; 4 taxa of critically endangered species (CR), 4 taxa of endangered species (EN) and 5 taxa of vulnerable species (VU). The Ministry of Environment designated specially plants were identified as 135 taxa, comprising 7 taxa of grade Ⅴ, 17 taxa of grade Ⅳ, 34 taxa of grade Ⅲ, 31 taxa of grade Ⅱ, and 46 taxa of grade Ⅰ. The naturalized plants were identified as 33 taxa, including Rumex acetosella L. as an invasive alien species.

The purpose of this study was to provide basic data for efficient management and preservation of plant species by securing information on vascular plant of Chuja Island. The research was conducted from May 2018 to September of the same year for a total of two times in five days, and focused on the ridges of mountains, valleys, and coastal areas around Chuja Island including surrounding island. As a result, it was found that Chuja Island province has a total of 96 families, 261 genera, 354 species, 1 subspecies, 45 varieties, 6 forms and 406 taxa of vascular plant. Among them, Korean endemic plants of this area were 2 taxa, and the Korea Forest Service designated rare plants were identified as 6 taxa, and Specific plant species that are plant-specific were a total of 88 taxa. The naturalized plants were identified as 31 taxa, including 3 taxa such as Symphyotrichum pilosum (Willd.) G.L.Nesom as an invasive alien species.

Carex accrescens Ohwi (1931: 255) is a sedge found in northeastern China, Korea, Japan, Mongolia and Russia (Govaerts et al. 2007, Dai et al. 2010, Park et al. 2016, Govaerts et al. 2018+). This species has been classified either as sect. Ammoglochin Dumortier (1827: 146) (Rotreklová et al. 2011) or sect. Holarrhenae (Döll) Pax (1888: 124) (Hoshino & Masaki 2011, Park et al. 2016). However, both sections have been determined as non-monophyletic, and the latest phylogenetic reconstructions (Global Carex Group 2016) recover it in a clade with members of sect. Holarrhenae s.s. and some North American species usually classified in sect. Phaestoglochin Dumortier (1827: 146).

뉴욕식물원과 국제식물분류학회에서 공동으로 운영하고 있는 세계식물표본관 총람 (Index Her-bariorum)에는 현재까지 3,001개의 표본관과 387,007,790점의 식물표본이 등록되어 있다. 우리 나라에는 총 39개의 표본관과 2,850,917점의 표본이 등록되어 있으며 대부분이 대학연구기관의 표본관으로 나타났다. 세계 식물표본관 총람에 등록된 우리나라에서 가장 오래된 표본관은 1906년에 설립된 서울대학교 균류실험실 표본관(SFC)으로 약 14,000여점의 표본이 보유 중 인 것으로 확인된다. 국립수목원은 2003년 산림생물표본관(KH)을 설립하고 현재까지 약 53만점의 관속식물표본을 수집하였으며, 수집되어 있는 표본의 수집년도는 2000년부터 2010년인 것이 330,000점으로 매년 약 3만점 이상의 표본들이 수집되었으며, 2011년부터 2016년까지는 약 85,000점으로 매년 약 15,000점의 표본이 수집 된 것으로 나타난다. 이는 산림생물표본관이 건립되면서 표본의 수집을 위해 수행했던 한반도 산림생물표본인프라 사업과 한반도 관속식물의 분포도 작성을 위한 프로젝트를 통해 약 15년간 40만점 이상의 표본이 수집되었기 때문이다. 산림생물표본관에 소장되어 있는 표본 중 한반도에 자생하는 식물과 일치하는 것으로 동정되어 정리된 분류군 수는 3,568분류군으로 국가표준식물목록의 4,177분류군 대비 약 85.4%에 해당하며, 수집되지 않은 표본은 북한에만 분포하거나, 분류학적으로 실체가 불분명한 종들이 다수 포함되어 있다. 산림생물표본관은 표본을 활용한 분류, 생태 및 보전생물학적 연구가 가능하도록 현재 종당 표본 점수가 20점 미만인 1,200분류군에 대한 표본 수집을 집중적으로 실시하고 있다. 또한 생물다양성협약(CBD)의 지구식물보전전략(GSPC)의 국가연락 기관으로서 목표 1인 지구상에 알려진 모든 식물에 대한 Online Flora를 구축하기 위한 프로젝트인 World Flora Online과 MOU를 체결하고 2018년부터 Korean Flora Online을 구축하기 위한 사업을 추진 중이다.