Yu. A. Altynov’s research while affiliated with Financial University and other places

This work describes the production of nanocellulose by removing lignin from biomass by the peroxide method in the presence of an H2SO4 catalyst and the study of its physicochemical properties. The structure of cellulose and modified nanocellulose was studied using Raman spectroscopy, IR (infrared) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and SEM (scanning electron microscopy). The resulting increase in the crystallinity of NFC (nanofibrous cellulose) was confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. This indicates that cellulose was associated with the removal of amorphous parts. As a result of X-ray diffraction, overlap on NFC radiographs occurred even in the area of intense lines. In the sample obtained by IR spectroscopy, the presence of groups (3413.12 cm ⁻¹ ; 2918.34 cm ⁻¹ ; 1373.30 cm ⁻¹ ; 617.52 cm ⁻¹ ) corresponding to the nature of NFC was detected. Strong absorption at 1429.8 cm−1 in the spectrum of CMC (carboxylmethylcellulose) revealed –COOH groups, indicating successful carboxylation of cellulose. The morphological surface, average particle size and structure of the samples were studied. As a result of a comparative analysis of morphological structures, an ordered filamentous structure of nanofibrous cellulose characteristic of fibers and a porous structure of CMC with a modified surface and uneven fibers were revealed. The developed method for producing modified cellulose from biomass does not require multi-stage processing compared to traditional methods and is safe for the environment. It has been shown that it is possible to obtain high-quality cellulose in one stage without the use of reagents containing sulfur and chlorine, high pressure and high water consumption.

Purpose: of the study is to identify promising areas for the use of metaverse technologies in the field of public finance in Russia in the context of the current sanctions restrictions and considering the peculiarities of the national budget system. Methods: the research uses such general scientific methods as literature review, comparative analysis, generalization and analysis of factual data. The work uses the method of constructing block diagrams that describe the key relationships of objects and related business processes to illustrate the proposed innovations. Results: the main results of the study include: 1) proposals for further digitalization of public and socially significant services using VR / AR technologies; 2) a scheme for integrating distributed ledger technologies (based on blockchain) into the treasury budget service system; 3) guidelines for the use of smart contract technologies in the field of public procurement, considering exclusive and inclusive access. Conclusions and Relevance: most of the current government information systems are based on traditional relational databases, which have technological limitations compared to modern distributed ledger technologies. At the same time, the development of the sphere of public finance in the context of the digital transformation of economic relations and the active spread of metauniverses requires continuous updating of the technological infrastructure. The study made it possible to conclude that the technological capabilities of the metaverses cover the current needs for the digital transformation of public finances. In addition, for the Russian public finance sector, the current metaverse tools can be assessed as a factor in further digital development under the current sanctions restrictions.