Yi-An Chen’s research while affiliated with University of California, San Diego and other places

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Publications (237)


Novel L-cysteine-functionalized Au@MnO2/MoO3 nanocomposites for electrochemical detection of apoptosis-related proteins in immunogenic cell death of patient-derived lung cancer cells
  • Article

March 2025

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12 Reads

Sensors and Actuators Reports

Yi-An Chen

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Kai- Bo Chang

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a) XRD patterns, b) TGA thermograms, and c) FTIR spectra of pristine PVDF‐HFP film and E‐QSSE with 1:1 and 0.5:1 m ratios of Mg(NO3)2/Pyr14TFSI.
FESEM images of a–c) the electrospun PVDF‐HFP membranes, d–f) E‐QSSE with 1:1 m, and g,h) 0.5:1 m ratios of Mg(NO3)2/Pyr14TFSI. i) Contact‐angle measurement of the electrospun PVDF‐HFP membrane.
a) Nyquist plots of E‐QSSE‐1:1 m and E‐QSSE‐0.5:1 m electrolytes. b) Linear sweep voltammetry curves of E‐QSSE‐1:1 m and E‐QSSE‐0.5:1 m electrolytes. c) Cycling performance of a symmetric Mg/Mg cell using E‐QSSE‐1:1 m and E‐QSSE‐0.5:1 m electrolytes.
Full‐cell performances of E‐QSSE‐1:1 M‐based Mg–O2 batteries. a) GDC cycling performance and a capacity limit of 500 mAh g⁻¹. b) Terminal cyclic voltage plots against the cycle numbers, and c) maximum discharge–charge profiles at 100 mA g⁻¹. Full‐cell performances of E‐QSSE‐0.5:1 m electrolyte‐based Mg–O2 batteries. d) GDC cycling performance at 100 mA g⁻¹ with a limiting capacity of 500 mAh g⁻¹. e) Terminal discharge and charge voltage f) maximum discharge–charge profiles at 100 mA g⁻¹.
Deconvoluted XPS spectra of oxygen‐Ru/CNT cathode at maximum discharge capacity are shown for a) Mg 2p, b) F 1s, and c) O 1s. The spectra for the Ru/CNT cathode following the first GDC cycle are presented as d) Mg 2p, e) F 1s, and f) O 1s. Additionally, normalized XANES spectra for the g) Mg K‐edge and h) O K‐edge were provided for the first cycle, maximum recharged, and discharged oxygenic Ru/CNT cathodes.

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High‐Performance Mg–O2 Batteries Enabled by Electrospinning PVDF‐HFP‐Based Quasi‐Solid‐State Polymer Electrolyte
  • Article
  • Publisher preview available

February 2025

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60 Reads

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1 Citation

This article reports a high‐performance rechargeable battery enabled by an electrospun quasi‐solid‐state electrolyte (E‐QSSE). The E‐QSSE, composed of Poly(vinylidene fluoride‐co‐hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF‐HFP), Mg(NO3)2 salt, and Pyr14TFSI ionic liquid (IL), exhibits high Mg²⁺ ion transport and interfacial stability. A unique sandwich structure coupling the E‐QSSE with a Ruthenium nanoparticles decorated multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (Ru/CNT) cathode catalyst on carbon paper significantly augments electrochemical reversibility. The optimized E‐QSSE with a 1:1 molar ratio of salt and IL achieves a high room temperature ionic conductivity of 6.39 mS cm⁻¹. The E‐QSSE's electrochemical stability window extends up to 3.95 V, showcasing its potential for high‐energy‐density applications. The Mg‐O2 cell, with the optimized E‐QSSE, delivers 115 discharge/charge cycles at 100 mA g⁻¹, one of the longest reported cycle‐lives for secondary Mg‐O2 batteries. The battery exhibits a maximum discharge capacity of 9305 mAh g⁻¹ with 100% Coulombic efficiency. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and absorption near‐edge structure analyses reveal MgO as the primary discharge product, with MgF2 contributing to stable solid electrolyte interphase. This E‐QSSE design promotes efficient Mg²⁺ ion migration and stable electrochemical reactions. This work advances the development of stable, high‐capacity Mg‐O2 batteries and can open up avenues for quasi‐solid‐state electrolytes in post‐lithium metal‐air battery technologies.

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Toughening Self-Healable and Recyclable PDMS Supramolecular Elastomer through End-Capping Agent and Metallic Crosslinker

January 2025

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16 Reads

Journal of Materials Chemistry A

Elastomers are indispensable in wearable electronics due to their elasticity and flexibility. Among them, poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) is particularly valued for its nontoxicity and chemical stability. However, conventional PDMS materials lack...


Adaptive Relaxation-Based Nonconservative Chance Constrained Stochastic MPC

January 2025

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14 Reads

IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology

Chance constrained stochastic model predictive controllers (CC-SMPCs) tradeoff full constraint satisfaction for economical plant performance under uncertainty. Previous CC-SMPC works are over-conservative in constraint violations leading to worse economic performance. Other past works require a priori information about the uncertainty set, limiting their application. This article considers a discrete linear time-invariant (LTI) system with hard constraints on inputs and chance constraints on states, with unknown uncertainty distribution, statistics, or samples. This work proposes a novel adaptive online update rule to relax the state constraints based on the time average of past constraint violations, to achieve reduced conservativeness in closed-loop. Under an ideal control policy assumption, it is proven that the time average of constraint violations asymptotically converges to the maximum allowed violation probability. The method is applied for optimal battery energy storage system (BESS) dispatch in a grid-connected microgrid (MG) with photovoltaic (PV) generation and load demand, with chance constraints on BESS state of charge (SOC). Realistic simulations show the superior electricity cost-saving potential of the proposed method as compared with the traditional economic model predictive control (EMPC) without chance constraints, and a state-of-the-art approach with chance constraints. We satisfy the chance constraints nonconservatively in closed-loop, effectively trading off increased cost savings with minimal adverse effects on BESS lifetime.


A CLIENT-CENTERED HOME TRAINING APP OF MUSIC-BASED THERAPY FOR UPPER EXTREMITY FUNCTIONS IN OLDER ADULTS WITH STROKE

December 2024

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5 Reads

Innovation in Aging

Music-based therapy (MBT) has been shown to be effective in improving upper extremity (UE) functions for older adults with stroke in clinical settings. To expand the MBT benefits to home, we designed a client-centered, stroke-specific MBT app and examined the app feasibility with stroke survivors in this study. During the 2-week pilot home testing, the participants (n=5, mild to moderate UE motor impairments) actively used the app for rehab exercises around 71% of the time, which equals 26.6 ± 16.7 min per day, 5 days per week, over 2 weeks. Motor outcomes portrayed a positive trend from pre- to post-intervention. Participants’ average Fugl-Meyer Assessment scores increased from 53 to 57, and Nine-Hole Pegboard Test time decreased from 38 seconds to 32 seconds. Additionally, participants provided generally positive feedback, commenting on the app user-friendliness (e.g., easy to navigate, clear exercise instructions, convenience) and motivational music feature (e.g., engaging and a new way to experience therapy). They also enjoyed the flexibility of training scheduling – participants could do rehab exercises at any time they wanted. Based on the positive findings, we anticipate that the app will serve as a feasible tool for older adults with stroke to engage in a personalized program to improve UE functions at home. This will minimize the burden of travel and wait times to healthcare clinics and increase rehab access for older adults. We are currently continuing the data collection and app refinement to optimize the app to support stroke recovery in older adults.


Fig. 2. Temporal schematic example for a 48 h prediction horizon together with a 48 h reference horizon, both starting at time t, which falls on day n of a month M with N days. The set of time points for the month M is denoted by Tt, with T NC,t and T OP,t defining the subsets corresponding to NC and OP demand charge periods, respectively. The final time points for these periods are represented as τ NC,t and τ OP,t . The set T OP,t is the union of the daily subset of OP demand charge time points T OP,t,n . Starting from t, the set of all time points in the reference horizon of length T R are defined in T R,t , with its final time point called τ R,t andˆτandˆ andˆτ R,t marking the time point at which the 50% SOC low threshold is placed. Similarly, the prediction horizon starting at the time point t, with length T MPC , is represented by T MPC,t . The final time point in this horizon is τ MPC,t , andˆτandˆ andˆτ MPC,t identifies the time point at which the 50% SOC low threshold is placed. Bold and unbold time parameters T MPC,t , T R,t ,T MPC , T R , τ MPC,t , τ R,t , ˆ τ MPC,t , andˆτandˆ andˆτ R,t designate rolling and shrinking horizons, respectively.
Fig. 3. Daily SOC difference between final and initial SOC (colored bars) together with daily NC peak (dashed gray line with "+" markers) and OP peak net loads (dotted gray line with "x" markers) in March 2019 for EMPC* and the following shrinking horizon cases: Trad WT with T MPC = 48 h, and EMPC WT with T R = T MPC = 48 h. Cases with T MPC = 24 h have daily SOC difference equals zero because SOC starts and ends at 50% every day.
Fig. 5. March 24 timeseries of (a) u 1 , and (b) x, together withˆywithˆ withˆy NC (τ MPC,t + 1), ˇ y NC (τ MPC,t + 1), ˆ y OP (τ MPC,t + 1), ˇ y OP (τ MPC,t + 1), ˆ P NC (t), andˆP andˆ andˆP OP (t) for Trad WT with T MPC = 24 h and EMPC WT with T R = T MPC = 24 h. All results are for rolling horizon cases.
Economic MPC with an Online Reference Trajectory for Battery Scheduling Considering Demand Charge Management

December 2024

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27 Reads

Monthly demand charges form a significant portion of the electric bill for microgrids with variable renewable energy generation. A battery energy storage system (BESS) is commonly used to manage these demand charges. Economic model predictive control (EMPC) with a reference trajectory can be used to dispatch the BESS to optimize the microgrid operating cost. Since demand charges are incurred monthly, EMPC requires a full-month reference trajectory for asymptotic stability guarantees that result in optimal operating costs. However, a full-month reference trajectory is unrealistic from a renewable generation forecast perspective. Therefore, to construct a practical EMPC with a reference trajectory, an EMPC formulation considering both non-coincident demand and on-peak demand charges is designed in this work for 24 to 48 h prediction horizons. The corresponding reference trajectory is computed at each EMPC step by solving an optimal control problem over 24 to 48 h reference (trajectory) horizon. Furthermore, BESS state of charge regulation constraints are incorporated to guarantee the BESS energy level in the long term. Multiple reference and prediction horizon lengths are compared for both shrinking and rolling horizons with real-world data. The proposed EMPC with 48 h rolling reference and prediction horizons outperforms the traditional EMPC benchmark with a 2% reduction in the annual cost, proving its economic benefits.




Citations (62)


... This QSSE was prepared by combining PVDF-HFP copolymer to achieve good electrochemical and mechanical stability, hydrophobicity, reduced crystallinity, and resilience against nucleophilic superoxide anions; 5 SN as a high-dielectric (ε r ≈ 55) plasticizer; Mg(OTf) 2 as a stable, noncorrosive to Mg, and cost-effective electrolyte salt; 17 and Pyr 14 TFSI IL for good chemical and electrochemical stability, hydrophobicity, low vapor pressure, nonflammability, enhanced ionic conductivity, and faster Mg 2+ flow. 22 Besides, the Pyr 14 + cation in Pyr 14 TFSI protects the Mg anode by electrostatic shielding to make a stable interphase for Mg 2+ transfer. 23,24 The optimized QSSE (with PVDF-HFP:SN:Mg(OTf) 2 = 4:1:1 and 15 wt% IL; see the SI) achieved a room-temperature conductivity of 2.6 mS cm −1 , and the QSSE-based rechargeable Mg−O 2 battery has remarkable cyclability, reaching 94 stable cycles at a current density of 100 mA g −1 and curtailing capacity of 500 mAh g −1 . ...

Reference:

Superionic Quasi-Solid-State Electrolyte for Rechargeable Magnesium−Oxygen Batteries
High‐Performance Mg–O2 Batteries Enabled by Electrospinning PVDF‐HFP‐Based Quasi‐Solid‐State Polymer Electrolyte

... WaveNet and Tacotron are particularly effective in creating context-aware voice responses, which improve user interaction with AI-driven traffic control centers [54]. Additionally, models like VALL-E enable customized voice synthesis, ensuring a consistent and human-like experience in interactive transportation systems [55]. These advancements contribute to safer and more efficient ITS environments, where real-time, AIgenerated voice communication reduces cognitive load and enhances user engagement. ...

Using Large Language Model and Speech Synthesis Technology to Achieve Realistic Interactive Experiences in Smart City Applications
  • Citing Conference Paper
  • July 2024

... The introduction of certain foreign elements is found to properly modulate the band structure of the planner g-C 3 N 4 resulting in tunable electronic alternation [45]. The new energy levels brought by the doped elements above the VB and below the CB significantly reduce charge recombination and extend light absorption by reducing the band gap [46,47]. The alternation in electronic energy levels caused by the introduced dopants depends on their nature (metal or non-metals) as well as their concentration. ...

Boosting photocatalytic H2 evolution in B-doped g-C3N4/O-doped g-C3N4 through synergistic band structure engineering and homojunction formation
  • Citing Article
  • September 2024

Applied Surface Science

... We recently reported poly(ethylene oxide)-based semisolid-state Mg−O 2 batteries, where a liquid catholyte alleviated the cathodeelectrolyte interphase issue. 17 In this letter, we report a freestanding QSSE with improved room-temperature ionic conductivity, holistically addressing all these issues in Mg− O 2 batteries. This QSSE was prepared by combining PVDF-HFP copolymer to achieve good electrochemical and mechanical stability, hydrophobicity, reduced crystallinity, and resilience against nucleophilic superoxide anions; 5 SN as a high-dielectric (ε r ≈ 55) plasticizer; Mg(OTf) 2 as a stable, noncorrosive to Mg, and cost-effective electrolyte salt; 17 and Pyr 14 TFSI IL for good chemical and electrochemical stability, hydrophobicity, low vapor pressure, nonflammability, enhanced ionic conductivity, and faster Mg 2+ flow. ...

Polyethylene oxide-based solid-state polymer electrolyte hybridized with liquid catholyte for semi-solid-state rechargeable Mg–O2 batteries
  • Citing Article
  • August 2024

Journal of Materials Chemistry A

... By embedding Au-nanochains within Zn 0.67 Cd 0.33 S semiconductors, the photoconversion efficiency was found to increase 3.5 times compared to conventional surface attached isolated Au nanoparticles (Fig. 17B). Recently, Chen et al. have fabricated very sophisticated double-hollow yolk@shell nanostructures composed of a permeable, hollow CdS shell with an embedded hollow Au nanosphere, for solar H 2 production [128]. An exceptionally large photoactivity with 4.4% apparent yield of H 2 could be obtained with 660 nm irradiation due to generation of long-lived hot electrons and efficient creation of charge separation state at the Au nanosphere/CdS heterojunctions in the yolk@shell structures. ...

Double‐Hollow Au@CdS Yolk@Shell Nanostructures as Superior Plasmonic Photocatalysts for Solar Hydrogen Production

... This progression is associated with an increased risk of metabolic disorders in adulthood, including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases [5]. Furthermore, experiencing stigma and social bias due to obesity in adolescence often results in severe psychological repercussions, including low self-esteem, distorted body perception, and exacerbate obesity, as evidenced by decreased athletic performance during adolescence, which may significantly influence mental health outcomes, including psychological distress, anxiety, depression, and the emergence of personality disorders throughout one's life [16]. The findings from the studies reviewed thus far underscore the critical importance of addressing obesity among developing adolescents. ...

Physical Fitness and Risk of Mental Disorders in Children and Adolescents

... With the adoption of VRE sources, such as wind, solar, and electric vehicle (EV) charging stations, net loads have generally become more variable, and DCM with BESS has received much interest in the literature. BESS assisted DCM is applied in commercial and industrial buildings in [9], [10], residential buildings in [11]- [13], utility-scale sites in [14], [15], and at EV charging sites [16]- [19] and are often combined with PV generation [9]- [11]. ...

Cost-Optimal Aggregated Electric Vehicle Flexibility for Demand Response Market Participation by Workplace Electric Vehicle Charging Aggregators

... Semiconductors like TiO 2 , WO 3 , and g-C 3 N 4 , along with their modified structural hybridized materials, and donor-acceptor polymers have been used previously for photocatalytically reducing nitrates to ammonia. [23,[61][62][63] In this work, a BiOI semiconductor hybridized with H 3 [PW 12 O 40 ] polyoxometalate, Cu, and Fe 3 O 4 forms the AmmoGen microrobot. Upon visible light irradiation, BiOI absorbs photons which excites the electrons to the conduction band and holes are simultaneously generated in the valence band (Figure 6a). ...

Band alignment modulation of g-C3N4 by tuning structural defects for selective ammonia photosynthesis from nitrate reduction under visible light irradiation
  • Citing Article
  • February 2024

Chemical Engineering Journal

... To demonstrate the comprehensive capabilities of Al ac-0.25 -3N2AP-PTD films and to broaden their application scope in electronic devices, we developed a flexible, stretchable, and self-healing polypyrrole (PPy)-coated composite that emulates human skin's sensing functions. 52,53 As depicted in Figure 7a, the device is constructed using a standalone Al ac-0.25 -3N2AP-PTD film with an overlying PPy layer. Postcoating, the PPycoated Al ac-0.25 -3N2AP-PTD assumes a deep purple color ( Figure S14) and has a surface characterized by noticeable cauliflower-like agglomerations ( Figure S15a). ...

Probing the Host-Dopant Interactions in Conducting Polymers for Improved Electrochemical Deionization Performance

Journal of Materials Chemistry A

... Based on previous studies on the interaction between Hsp40 and Hsp70, researchers usually focus only on the interaction between the JD domain of Hsp40 and Hsp70 [38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48]. However, through molecular docking analysis, we have also discovered that the CTD of Dnajb1b can bind to Hspa1a and even interact with three domains of Hspa1a. ...

The HSP40 family chaperone isoform DNAJB6b prevents neuronal cells from tau aggregation