Yasmine Chatila’s research while affiliated with American University of Beirut and other places

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Publications (3)


Bereavement Related and Non-Bereavement Related Depressions: A Comparative Field Study
  • Article

June 2008

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75 Reads

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64 Citations

Journal of Affective Disorders

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Caroline C Tabet

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Donna Alam

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Marc Hamalian

In the otherwise a-theoretical diagnostic manual, the DSM-III and IV bereavement exclusion for the diagnosis of major depression (MDD) stands out as the sole exception to the rule. No other life event excludes the diagnosis of any other axis I disorder. Since this diagnostic convention has important diagnostic and treatment implications, it is important to evaluate the validity of this exception. By comparing multiple features of bereavement related to non-bereavement related MDD, this prospective community study critically evaluates the validity of the bereavement exclusion. The prevalence of conditional criteria was common in the total sample (N=685) and did not differ between bereaved and non-bereaved groups. The global 'symptom profile' of depressed individuals was similar in both groups. 'Duration' was found to be longer in the bereaved group. Among all conditional criteria required by DSM-IV to accept bereavement-related episodes under the category of MDD, only 'marked dysfunction' predicted treatment. Neither the 'four conditional symptoms' nor the 'duration' criterion predicted marked dysfunction. The 'risk for recurrence' was similar whether the first episode was bereavement related or not. 'Psychotic symptoms' were not assessed, and 'marked dysfunction' was not assessed on a continuous scale. The number of DSM-IV excluded episodes was too small to allow for generalization. Our results suggest that the conditional criteria do not seem to serve the purpose of the originators of the bereavement exclusion criteria. The 'conditional symptoms' and the 'duration' criterion seem not to be markers of severity. We propose that the descriptive and etiologically neutral approach the DSM presumes in reaching a diagnosis should be applied in the case of MDD until more convincing data point to the contrary.


TABLE 1 General Background Characteristics of the Sampled Articles
TABLE 3 Descriptive Statistics for the Total Cultural-Sensitivity Measure for Published Research (CSMPR) and its Composites (N = = 99) 
TABLE 5 Level of Cultural Sensitivity for Each Composite Across the Five Time Frames 
TABLE 6 
Developing an Appropriate Psychology through Culturally Sensitive Research Practices in the Arabic-Speaking WorldA Content Analysis of Psychological Research Published Between 1950 and 2004
  • Article
  • Full-text available

March 2007

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253 Reads

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31 Citations

Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology

Contemporary psychologists in the Arabic-speaking world remain deeply concerned with many of the same foundational issues that have impeded the development of sustainable research traditions since at least the 1950s. As a means of assessing historical and current trends in regional research practices, the project reported in this article employs a content analysis method to assess the cultural sensitivity of peer-reviewed English-language empirical studies conducted on peoples of the Arabic-speaking world. Results suggest that cultural sensitivity is quite low on many of the dimensions assessed, including whether/how findings are applied to everyday settings, validity of methodological procedures employed, the way cultural contributions to psychological processes are discussed, the local relevance of conclusions drawn from empirical findings, and how theories and concepts are transferred from mainstream (Western) psychology. The current findings are used to suggest some strategic and potentially controversial connections between culturally sensitive research and developing an appropriate psychology.

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Citations (2)


... . (Markus & Kitayama,1991) (Ahmed & Gielen, 1998) ‫وغيلني‬ ‫أحمد‬ ‫وا‬ ،)1994( ‫أحر�ساو‬ ‫ا‬ ‫هم:‬ ‫االجتاه‬ ‫هذا‬ ‫عن‬ ّ ‫عرب‬ ُ ‫ي‬ ، (Zebian, et al., 2007) ‫ـا‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ؤه‬ ‫ـالو‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫وزم‬ ‫ـان‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ذبي‬ ‫ـر‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫و�سم‬ ، (Ahmed, 2004) ‫ـد‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫أحم‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ـان‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ورم�س‬ ،(Abou Hatab, 1992Hatab, , 1993 ...

Reference:

توجهات في علم النفس لدراسة الأسس الثقافية للمعرفة والسلوك : مقاربة لدراسة هذه الأسس في السياق العربيPsychological Approaches to the Study of Cultural Foundations of Behavior and Cognition: An Introduction to Study these Foundations in the Arab Context
Developing an Appropriate Psychology through Culturally Sensitive Research Practices in the Arabic-Speaking WorldA Content Analysis of Psychological Research Published Between 1950 and 2004

Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology

... In most cases, individuals often experience mourning which is a social expression of grief or bereavement and is influenced by religious beliefs or cultural customs (Zisook & Shear, 2009). Bereavement is a known risk factor for those who are affected by major depressive syndromes (Karam et al., 2009). Bereavement and its involvement with major depressive syndromes, is best described as being the only life event that has been embedded in the diagnosis of major depression in the DSM-IV classification (Karam et al., 2009). ...

Bereavement Related and Non-Bereavement Related Depressions: A Comparative Field Study
  • Citing Article
  • June 2008

Journal of Affective Disorders