April 2025
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2 Reads
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April 2025
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2 Reads
February 2025
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49 Reads
The Satisfiability (SAT) problem is a core challenge with significant applications in software engineering, including automated testing, configuration management, and program verification. This paper presents SolSearch, a novel framework that harnesses large language models (LLMs) to discover and optimize SAT-solving strategies automatically. Leveraging a curriculum-based, trial-and-error process, SolSearch enables the LLM to iteratively modify and generate SAT solver code, thereby improving solving efficiency and performance. This automated SAT-solving paradigm has the advantage of being plug-and-play, allowing integration with any SAT solver and accelerating the development or design process of new SAT solvers (new methods). Our preliminary experimental results are encouraging by demonstrating that the LLM-powered paradigm improves state-of-the-art SAT solvers on general SAT benchmarks and significantly enhances the performance of the widely used Z3 solver (11\% on PAR-2 score). These results highlight the potential for using LLM-driven methods to advance solver adaptability and effectiveness in real-world software engineering challenges. Future research directions are discussed to further refine and validate this approach, offering a promising avenue for integrating AI with traditional software engineering tasks.
November 2024
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1 Read
November 2024
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14 Reads
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2 Citations
November 2024
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30 Reads
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9 Citations
Computers & Graphics
October 2024
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1 Read
October 2024
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3 Reads
April 2024
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68 Reads
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3 Citations
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) are specialized computers extensively utilized in industrial control fields. Since they control industrial equipment, software faults in PLCs can result in significant losses. However, current testing for PLC programs is mainly manual, and there are very few automatic testing tools. Structured Text (ST) is one of the five PLC programming languages stipulated by the IEC 61131-3 standard, suitable for writing complex control logic. This paper proposes an automatic unit test case generation framework for ST programs based on Dynamic Symbolic Execution and PLC states, as well as a supporting algorithm, and implements the PLCAutoTester tool. PLCAutoTester supports the automatic generation of ST program unit test cases that comply with statement coverage, branch coverage, and MC/DC coverage criterion. We evaluated the PLCAutoTester using 20 PLC programs and compared it with S YM PLC. The experimental results show that PLCAutoTester can generate unit test cases with high coverage in a short time. And in 11 common programs, PLCAutoTester is able to generate test cases with almost the same statement coverage as S YM PLC while reducing the number of test cases by 95%.
January 2024
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2 Citations
October 2023
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21 Reads
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1 Citation
... However, as these findings rely on licensed models and cloud solutions, we concentrated our research on models that we can employ locally in resource-restricted and critical environments. Zhao et al. [49] generated a dataset with GPT-3.5 to fine-tune a T5 model, which is used to translate natural language requirements into Computation Tree Logic (CTL). They report that the fine-tuned model achieved an accuracy of 46.4% and therefore led to better results then few-shot learning with ...
November 2024
... These models can flexibly interpret designers' intentions through NL-based instructions, comprehend and reason over the instructions, and generate corresponding modeling commands. Researchers have begun exploring LLM-based tools to support CAD model creation and editing Yuan et al., 2024). However, the potential of LLMs for fast prototyping with its targeted control demands has yet to be fully elicited, particularly in the context of the targetedness-demand fast prototyping (Uusitalo et al., 2024). ...
November 2024
Computers & Graphics
... This increases the need for testing and verification of PLC programs [38], [46]. Existing methods for the automated generation of PLC test cases mainly include symbolic execution [44], concolic testing [7] and search-based techniques [13]. However, these approaches can produce test cases that are difficult to maintain, making them challenging to use. ...
April 2024
IEEE Transactions on Computers
... Formula progression is a common technique that steps through time to evaluate formulas; it dates back to the 1990's [7] and has been developed for various temporal logics including MTL [17], LTL f [41], and MLTL [31]. Formula progression represents a straightforward and generally easy-to-implement algorithm for evaluating whether a particular temporal trace satisfies the given formula, and is therefore utilized in many contexts, including satisfiability solving, validation, runtime verification, and benchmark generation. ...
July 2023
... Ma et al. [10] addressed the interpretation of RF based on first-order logic. They encode the decision-making process of these forests into first-order logic formulas, enabling improved explainability of decisions based on the importance of features. ...
January 2022
International Journal of Software and Informatics
... In the proposed method, the input video would first be pre-processed to extract relevant features. These features could be high-level semantic features obtained from pre-trained models or lower-level features like motion vectors or visual descriptors [76]. ...
October 2022
Applied Intelligence
... This approach allows the robot to dock without a complete stop by aligning the direction and distance between the robot and the docking station. Tsiogas [19] introduced a vision-based approach that enables the safe and autonomous operation of pallet moving vehicles, and Ding [20] proposed a combination of the double-wheel chassis model (DCM) and PID control strategy to enhance the precision and stability during docking. Moreover, visual strategies are applied for accurate docking alignment. ...
April 2022
Assembly Automation
... In this way, there will be progress problems in expressing the number of floating points. In the flow accumulation, this error will be infinitely amplified, resulting in the inaccuracy of the calculation results [6][7][8][9][10]. This error has a certain impact on production management. ...
December 2021
... Due to the fact that these compounds have the capacity to undergo tautomerism, studies of this property have been carried out in the group azo-hydrazone in different solvents in order to examine the affinity of binding with streptavidin by combining spectroscopic methods and computational [16]. This compound can be used for determining the amount and biotin-binding activity of avidin in solution, since avidin is a glycoprotein antagonist of biotin, which binds with high affinity to form an insoluble derivative that prevents its bioavailability [17]. Azobenzene derivatives have been investigated for use in digital data storage [18] as On and off switches of nanomolecular devices and in ion channels [19]. ...
December 2021
Science of Computer Programming
... Xu et al. proposed a formal modeling and verification method to ensure safety of cooperative driving in vehicle platoons. 77 They defined an abstract model to describe the spatial properties of driving scenarios and introduced a timed automata type for constructing platoon decision controller models. By incorporating multi-agent spatial logic (MASL) specifications to define model guard conditions, they implemented the corresponding platoon decision controller model in UPPAAL for a case study involving human-driven vehicles joining the platoon. ...
December 2021
Journal of Computer Science and Technology