Xueping Ji’s research while affiliated with Institute for History of Natural Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and other places

... Sex dimorphism, which distinguishes male and female morphological features, is one of the important topics in this research arena. Morphometrics has fundamental utility beyond forensic identification and contributes to a better understanding of the various populations [63,64]. The present study aimed to systematically examine and precisely collect data and interpret the findings within the broader form of existing knowledge. ...

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Permanent Canine Morphometrics in the Saudi Arabian Population: A Sex-Based Comparison Using Mesiodistal and Cervicoincisal Widths

... Ma Ji et al., 2013;Raffi et al., 2020). This sequence represents a series of lacustrine facies, including shore-shallow lake and swamp-shore subfacies comprising water-lain peaty clay layers that are divided by lignite Su et al., 2024;Zhang et al., 2016). Vertebrate fossils are located in situ as isolated elements scattered throughout a peaty clay layer Su et al., 2024). ...

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Postcranial functional morphology of the large swamp otter Siamogale melilutra (Lutrinae: Mustelidae: Carnivora) from northeastern Yunnan, south‐western China

... .1～13.2ka之间 [3] 。遗址各层间文化面貌大体 一致，文化体系基本相同，表明其文化具有一 定稳定性。已有研究表明该遗址包含和平技术 复合体的产品 [4] ，属于以修型概念为主体的石 器工业类型，但也有剥坯概念产品，包括一定 数量的长石片。本文拟就娜咪囡遗址的长石片 进行报道和研究，以期丰富对该区域古人类石 器工业体系的认识。 一、"长石片"之概念及意义 "长石片"(elongate flake)这一概念从 字面上看仅强调了石片的形态属性，因而早期 学者对其内涵上的认识存在异议：张森水将长 石片定义为"预制好的石核上打下长度超过宽 度一倍以上的、中上部两侧几近平行的、宽度 超过10毫米的石片" [5] ，这与现今对"石叶" 的定义范围有所重合。Morlan在其研究中所使 用的"长石片"概念含义则宽泛许多：不仅包 括石叶和细石叶制品，还包括"打击方向垂直 于石片长轴"的石片 [6] ，即宽大于长的石片。 一般而言，"长石片"强调石片长大于宽的属 性 [7] ，因此石叶、细石叶、似石叶、似细石叶 等都可归属于"长石片"的范畴 [8] ；但更多情 境下"长石片"还是用于指示具备石叶形态特 征，但缺少石叶技术特征的石片 [9] ，与"似石 叶"概念具有更大的相似性。笔者认为："长 石片"应当基于石片的基本概念，以平行于石 片打击轴方向为其长、垂直于打击轴方向为其 宽，长大于宽的非石叶类制品为讨论范围，包 括通常所说的"似石叶"在内，而石叶、细石 叶不在其内。 有 研 究 指 出 ， 石 制 品 的 " 长 型 化 " (elongation)是石器技术发展的总体趋势，代 表了更高的效率和性价比，指示了古人类认知 的复杂化进程，因为稳定地生产需要较高的技 术水平，且长型的石制品往往指示着更为复杂 的行为 [10] 。就长石片而言，其可以提供更长的 有效刃缘 [11] ；也可以利用有限的石料生产更多 有效的石片 [12] 。实验研究显示，剥取长石片需 要打制者更高的熟练度，且由于片疤可以覆盖 整个剥片面从而保证平坦，因此剥取长石片也 有助于连续剥片的进行 [13] 。系统性的长石片生 产有助于复合工具的使用和维护 [14] [18] 。在Nicolas Toth对石片六分法分 类的基础上，本遗址将混合背面区分为自然背面 多和人工背面多两种，并增加混合台面类型，将 石片分成12类 [19] [ [48] 、普定 白 岩 脚洞 [49] 、平坝牛坡洞 [50] 、毕节扁扁洞 [51] ...

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云南娜咪囡遗址2011～2013年出土长石片制品研究

... A typical "Hoabinhian" technocomplex has long been known to be a prehistoric cultural tool industry of late Paleolithic hunter-gatherers in SEA. The specialized lithic assemblages including flexed burials, sumatraliths, large and small tools made on cobbles, or more controversially, organic artifacts made of bamboos, were found from several late Pleistocene to mid-Holocene archaeological sites in mainland Southeast Asia (MSEA) including Vietnam, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Malaysia, and some neighboring regions such as South China and Indonesia (e.g., Gourou, 1948;Gorman, 1969;Thaw, 1971;Adi Haji Taha, 1981;Forestier et al., 2005Forestier et al., , 2023Patole-Edoumba et al., 2015;Chitkament et al., 2016;Zeitoun et al., 2019;Wu et al., 2022). In MSEA, archaeological evidence was often obtained from high-altitude karst settings such as caves and rockshelters (e.g., TLR, Ban Rai Rockshelter (BRR), Doi Pha Kan, and Pha Phen) where human skeletons and Hoabinhian lithic artifacts associated with rich mammal remains were found (e.g., Schepartz et al., 2000;Shoocongdej, 2006;Shoocongdej et al., 2007;Mudar and Anderson, 2007;Tayles et al., 2015;Viet et al., 2015;Zeitoun et al., 2019). ...

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The late occurrence of specialized hunter-gatherer occupation of tropical rainforests in Pang Mapha, northwestern Thailand

... ornaments, art, burials, composite tools, hafting, selection of different raw materials, …) or even through the recognition of complex social patterns (goods exchanges, settlement space use strategies, ethnic and/or linguistic differentiations based on typologicaldecorative styles, and more). Since modern behaviour must necessarily be correlated with evolutionary developments of cognitive properties (e.g., "the out-of-brain storage of symbolism", Wadley 2001:201), a broad consensus holds that such modernity-although not necessarily fully acquired at the time of our biological emergence (for instance Wadley 2001;Marean 2010; Bar-Yosef Mayer et al. 2020), and not showing a worldwide uniformity (see for instance, Bar-Yosef 2005;Szabo et al. 2007;Zhou et al. 2023)-is a feature of the intellectual capacities of our species, Homo sapiens. Over the last decades, some authors -by assuming that peculiar archaeological evidence found at sites frequented by the non-sapiens human species should be considered as the result of an innovative, a modern-like cultural adaptationclaim for the behavioural modernity of the Neanderthal (for instance, among others, Shipman 2008;Cortés-Sanchez et al. 2011), while others backdate it to the more archaic species (Joordens et al. 2015). ...

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Tools on shell at Moscerini Cave (central Italy) and MIS 5 sea level highstands: a critical insight into the modern behavior of a non-sapiens human species

... Mainland Southeast Asia consists of two remarkable biogeographic regions: the Indochinese subregion and the Sundaic subregion that are divided by the Isthmus of Kra (Corbet and Hill, 1992). The Indochinese subregion was dominated by various Pliocene to Pleistocene fossil sites (e.g., Myanmar, China, Taiwan, Vietnam, Laos, and Thailand) where murid rodent fossils were recorded (Chen and Qi, 1978;Pope et al., 1980;Zhu et al., 1983;Qiu et al., 1984;Olsen and Ciochon, 1990;Ciochon and Olsen, 1991;Hu, 1995;Ciochon et al., 1996;Chaimanee, 1998;Jablonski et al., 2003;Shackelford, 2003;Bacon et al., 2004Bacon et al., , 2006Bacon et al., , 2011Zeitoun et al., 2010;Demeter et al., 2015Demeter et al., , 2017Nishioka et al., 2015;Ji et al., 2016;Shi, 2016;Shackelford et al., 2018;Zhang et al., 2017;Kawamura et al., 2019;Shoocongdej and Wattanapituksakul, 2020;Chang et al., 2023Chang et al., , 2024. In contrast, Pleistocene murid fossils have been infrequently found and investigated from the Sundaic subregion compared to the Indochinese realm (Medway, 1964(Medway, , 1972(Medway, , 1977Musser, 1982;van der Meulen and Musser, 1999;Storm, 2005Storm, , 2012Storm and de Vos, 2006;Westaway et al., 2007;Morwood et al., 2008;Piper, 2008, 2015;Ansyori, 2010;Ibrahim et al., 2013;Ishlahuda et al., 2019;Ishlahuda, 2020). ...

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Pleistocene murid rodent fossils from Semadong Cave in northern Peninsular Malaysia: taxonomic, zoogeographic, and environmental implications

... In northern China, blade and microlithic industries, personal ornamentations, and the symbolic uses of ocher have been frequently discovered since 45 ka (Li et al., 2018;Wang et al., 2022;Yang et al., 2017Yang et al., , 2024a. However, in contemporary southern China, the technological changes are relatively less pronounced, primarily characterized by a diverse collection of pebble/cobble tools, core-flake tools, and micro-flake tools across various sites and periods (Cao et al., 2024;Li et al., 2019Li et al., , 2023Qu et al., 2013;Zhou et al., 2022Zhou et al., , 2024. Moreover, most industries exhibit either incomplete sequence or interrupted technocomplex. ...

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New Evidence of Human Occupation in Southwest China Since 44,800 Years ago

... The use-wear study should be conducted on these mega tools to confirm whether they were used with their potential cutting edges. Preliminary residue analysis of several mega tools has identified seed starch granules of Fagaceae on the working edges (Yu et al., 2022), which may indicate the practical usage of these tools. ...

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Extraordinary large Hoabinhian tools from Xiaodong rockshelter, southwest China

... Increased precipitation seasonality and ongoing aridification could further transform sclerophyllous evergreen broadleaf forests into subtropical evergreen needleleaf forests or savannas (Zhu 2023;Huang et al. 2016;Ratnam et al. 2016). This environmental transition likely led to the extinction of primate taxa from central Yunnan and is supported by the fossil record, which confirms that macaques, leaf-eating monkeys, and gibbons were present in northeastern and central Yunnan during the late Miocene (8-6 mya) (Ji et al. 2020;Ji et al. 2022;Jablonski 1993; Table S2). A similar climatic-ecological process likely led to the extinction of a large-bodied ape (Gigantopithecus blacki) in the adjacent Chongzuo region of Guangxi Province during the late Miocene (Zhang et al. 2024). ...

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Monsoon Climate and Anthropogenic Influences Shape Primate Distributions Across the Southeastern Edge of the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau

... The areas of greatest biodiversity are located in Yunnan's western and southeastern regions (Qian et al. 2020;Wang et al. 2022;Yuan et al. 2022;Li and Pimm 2016;Yang et al. 2025), with the Yangtze River-Red River-24° N as a possible biogeographic boundary to faunal exchange. This boundary may have originated (i) in response to the formation of different monsoon climates along the Jinsha River and the Red River during the Pleistocene (~2-1 Ma), resulting from geological uplifting of the Yunnan Plateau (hereafter referred to as YP) in the late Pliocene (~3 Ma) and large-scale differential uplifting of mountains in the longitudinal range gorge (hereafter referred to as LRG) approximately 4-1.6 Ma (Fan et al. 2013;Huang et al. 2016;Zhu 2023) or (ii) in response to species population decline and extinctions due to human activities in the central YP over the past several thousand years (Maimaitiming et al. 2013;Zhang et al. 2021;Zhang et al. 2022;He et al. 2022). However, given a limited primate fossil record across Yunnan in response to its acidic soils, there is a limited fossil record from which to test these two alternatives (Hou et al. 2019 ; Table S1). ...

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Monsoon Climate and Anthropogenic Influences Shape Primate Distributions Across the Southeastern Edge of the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau