Xavier Maldague's research while affiliated with Université du Québec and other places
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Publications (382)
This work utilizes infrared and terahertz non-invasive imaging techniques to conduct a multispectral inspection of two marqueteries. Specifically, a flat sample with artificial defects and a curved sample without flaws are used. To cross-reference with the experimental results, a finite element simulation was carried out. Finally, two different exp...
Abstract: The thermographic inspection of buildings is a powerful and non-invasive method for monitoring and diagnosing building performance and structural integrity. It can effectively detect moisture, evaluate heat loss, and assess the building’s roofs. The early detection of problems in a building allows owners to fix issues before they become m...
In recent years, the conservation and protection of ancient cultural heritage have received increasing attention, and non-destructive testing (NDT), which can minimize the damage done to the test subject, plays an integral role therein. For instance, NDT through active infrared thermal imaging can be applied to ancient polyptychs, which can realize...
Early defects in artworks, which are unnoticeable by the naked eye, can evolve in severity if left unattended; therefore, their timely and accurate detection is of vital importance. Infrared-based non-destructive testing (NDT) methods are widely seen as an effective means to detect defects in artworks. However, most existing methods still rely on t...
In recent years, many studies have focused on using deep-learning approaches for automatic defect detection in the thermographic inspection of industrial and construction components. Deep Convolutional Neural Networks have proven to perform remarkably on thermal defect detection. However, their convergence and accuracy are heavily associated with h...
Corrosion under insulation (CUI) is one of the major concerns of oil and petrochemical installations as damage evolves invisibly under insulation layers and usually revealed on the occurrence of leaking or more catastrophic failure. Methods to early detect CUI and its causes is an urgent necessity to assure safety and performance of insulated proce...
Thermography is a Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) technology aimed at non-invasively measuring the thermal distribution of a specimen by quantifying electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths having a lower frequency than the visible light part of the spectrum. Despite some previous studies having addressed the estimation of surface and shape charact...
This paper investigates the use of the InterQuartile Range (IQR) as a defect enhancement method for pulsed ther-mography thermograms. The interest of the IQR as a defect enhancement method is directly related to the frequency of the acquisition; for this reason, this paper also investigates its application in association with the frame interpolatio...
This work is based on a comparative study of three Non-destructive Testing NDT techniques for the inspection of an old book that was bound in the XIXth century. Infrared thermography (IRT), terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) and air-coupled ultrasonic C-scan (ACU) were used to retrieve both damages and defects in the book cover. Then, the...
Nondestructive testing (NDT) of composite materials is of paramount importance to the aerospace industry. Several NDT methods have been adopted for the inspection of components during production and all through the aircraft service life, with infrared thermography (IRT) techniques, such as line scan thermography (LST) and pulsed thermography (PT),...
Infrared thermography (IRT), is one of the most interesting techniques to identify different kinds of defects, such as delamination and damage existing for quality management of material. Objective detection and segmentation algorithms in deep learning have been widely applied in image processing, although very rarely in the IRT field. In this pape...
With increasing attention paid to the protection of cultural relics, non-destructive testing (NDT) technologies are thought to be profoundly rewarding, resulting in a widespread uptake of feature-extraction algorithms and defect-detection techniques. Among various alternatives, infrared thermography (IRT) and Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz...
In response to the growing inspection demand exerted by process automation in component manufacturing, non-destructive testing (NDT) continues to explore automated approaches that utilize deep-learning algorithms for defect identification, including within digital X-ray radiography images. This necessitates a thorough understanding of the implicati...
Pulsed thermography is a nondestructive method commonly used to explore anomalies in composite materials. This paper presents a procedure for the automated detection of defects in thermal images of composite materials obtained with pulsed thermography experiments. The proposed methodology is simple and novel as it is reliable in low-contrast and no...
In response to the growing inspection demand exerted by process automation in component manufacturing, Non-destructive testing (NDT) continues to explore automated approaches that utilize deep learning algorithms for defect identification, including within digital X-ray radiography images. This necessitates a thorough understanding of the implicati...
![Figure 6. U-Net architecture presented in [19], which is licensed under...](publication/368796955/figure/fig2/AS:11431281122416302@1677333404343/U-Net-architecture-presented-in-19-which-is-licensed-under-CC-BY-40_Q320.jpg)
![Figure 7. SegNet architecture adapted from a figure in [9], which is...](publication/368796955/figure/fig3/AS:11431281122428591@1677333404384/SegNet-architecture-adapted-from-a-figure-in-9-which-is-licensed-under-CC-BY-30_Q320.jpg)
Pulsed thermography is an indispensable tool in the field of non-destructive evaluation. However, the data generated by this technique can be challenging to analyze and require expertise to interpret. With the rapid progress in deep learning, image segmentation has become a well-established area of research. This has motivated efforts to apply deep...
Pulsed thermography is a vital technique in the nondestructive evaluation field. However, its data analysis can be complex and requires skilled experts. Advances in deep learning have yielded exceptional results, including image segmentation. Therefore, many efforts have been made to apply deep learning methods to data processing for nondestructive...
The drone-based multi-modal inspection of industrial structures is a relatively new field of research gaining interest among companies. Multi-modal inspection can significantly enhance data analysis and provide a more accurate assessment of the components’ operability and structural integrity, which can assist in avoiding data misinterpretation and...
The key idea in this paper is to propose multi-labels classification algorithms to handle benchmark thermal datasets that are practically associated with different data characteristics and have only one health condition (damaged composite materials). A suggested alternative approach for extracting the statistical contents from the thermal images, i...
This study investigates the semantic segmentation of common concrete defects when using different imaging modalities. One pre-trained Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model was trained via transfer learning and tested to detect concrete defect indications, such as cracks, spalling, and potential subsurface defects. We compared the model's perform...
In the present study, a relatively novel non-destructive testing (NDT) method called the coplanar capacitive sensing technique was applied in order to detect different sizes of rebars in a reinforced concrete (RC) structure. This technique effectively detects changes in the dielectric properties during scanning in various sections of concrete with...
The investigation of cultural heritage objects is commonly carried out by using non-destructive inspection techniques. In fact, due to the artistic peculiarities of cultural heritage objects, conventional contact-type inspection techniques such as ultrasonic scan cannot always be applied. The objective of this study is to develop a new autonomous d...
This work aims to address the effectiveness and challenges of using active infrared thermography (IRT) onboard an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platform. The work seeks to assess the performance of small low-powered forms of excitation which are suitable for active thermography and the ability to locate subsurface defects on composites. An excitati...
Spot welds have a significant part in the creation of automotive vehicles. Since the integrity of, for example, a car, is dependent on the performance of multiple welds, it is important to ensure the quality of each spot weld. Several attempts have been made in order to determine the quality of spot welds, but most of them do not focus on the appli...
Detection of subsurface defects has hitherto been regarded as an important element in the course of preserving cultural heritage. To do so, non-invasive imaging approaches for viewing and determining the location of splitting inside the sample under test are required, which constitute the subject of the present study. Both active thermography and t...
Automated medical data analysis demonstrated a significant role in modern medicine, and cancer diagnosis/prognosis to achieve highly reliable and generalizable systems. In this study, an automated breast cancer screening method in ultrasound imaging is proposed. A convolutional deep autoencoder model is presented for simultaneous segmentation and r...
The reinforcement of polymer composites using plant fibres has received vast and growing attention for investigation owing to their capability to serve as semi-structural materials, especially as a substitute for fiberglass. However, in this type of research, the structural complexity, due to geometrical mismatches and inherent variability to the p...
The coplanar capacitive sensing method is considered a relatively novel electromagnetic technique in NDT. The size of the electrodes and the separation distance between them significantly affect the penetration depth, electric field strength, and sensitivity of the measurement. To achieve different penetration depths and electric field strengths, s...
In the rise of recent advancements in unmanned aerial vehicles, many studies have focused on using multi-modal platforms for remote inspection of industrial and construction sites. The acquisition of multiple data modalities assists the inspectors in acquiring comprehensive information about the targeted components. Despite the benefits of multi-mo...
![Figure 2. Response surface as generated in [2]. The surface is...](profile/Simon-Verspeek/publication/359406311/figure/fig2/AS:1142249471655941@1649344904775/Response-surface-as-generated-in-2-The-surface-is-generated-from-1000-finite-element_Q320.jpg)
We address the challenge of determining a valid set of parameters for a dynamic line scan thermography setup. Traditionally, this optimization process is labor- and time-intensive work, even for an expert skilled in the art. Nowadays, simulations in software can reduce some of that burden. However, when faced with many parameters to optimize, all o...
New composite materials are always subjected to non-destructive evaluation (NDE) prior to being placed on the market. This is to fully understand the reactions (i.e., development of defects) at the interface between two subsequent layers. Active infrared thermography (aIRT) can help in this regard, especially if anticipated by a simulation of the h...
The non-uniformity of non-planar object inspection data makes their analysis challenging. This paper reports a study of the use of recurrent neural network and artificial feed-forward neural network in pulsed thermography during the automated inspection of non-planar carbon fiber reinforced plastic samples. The time series, including the raw temper...
The 16th International Workshop on Advanced Infrared Technology and Applications (AITA 2021) was held online on 26–28 October 2021.
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are attracting much attention and are on the way to commercialization. However, some modules are subject to reverse bias in actual fields, so it is meaningful to investigate the reverse-bias behavior of PSCs. Herein, an in-situ temperature and current measurement technique was developed. Intriguingly, some hot spots we...
Thermographic imaging has proven to be effective for the early detection of breast cancer and with clinical breast examination (CBE). There are many matrix factorization methods developed for computational thermography that can be used to extract thermal variations across the acquisition time. These methods are often used to summarize thermographic...
This work presents a comparative study for the inspection of an old book, which was bound in the XIXth century. Infrared thermography (IRT), terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) and air-coupled ultrasonic C-scan (ACU) were used to retrieve the damages and defects in the book cover. Image processing techniques including Fast Fourier Transfor...
This paper investigates several methods that can improve the segmentation of defects. The literature in terms of defect detection is quite rich but often the method involved introduces approaches that will facilitate the defect detection. Few papers introduce methods involving the segmentation of images. These papers nevertheless are dependent on m...
Camera trapping is widely used in different ecological studies and is particularly important for remote locations and extreme environments. However, the application of camera traps in Arctic regions remains very limited. One of the challenges is the formation of hoar on the lens of cameras. In this article, we propose a solution to address this pro...
Thermography has been employed broadly as a corresponding diagnostic instrument in breast cancer diagnosis. Among thermographic techniques, deep neural networks show an unequivocal potential to detect heterogeneous thermal patterns related to vasodilation in breast cancer cases. Such methods are used to extract high-dimensional thermal features, kn...
This study investigates the semantic segmentation of common concrete defects when using different imaging modalities. One pre-trained Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model was trained via transfer learning and tested to detect concrete defect indications, such as cracks, spalling, and internal voids. The model’s performance was compared using da...
With the recent developments in artificial intelligence, deep learning (convolutional neural networks) has been investigated for the quality management of materials by infrared thermography (IRT). In this work, we present an approach to efficiently process thermal data in order to improve the defect detection performance of IRT. A defect-enhanced a...
The imaging of structures with a complex material composition and geometry is still a challenge in the field of non-destructive testing (NDT). In this study, a non-invasive imaging technique is proposed for the non-destructive inspection of both cultural heritage and natural fiber composites. The proposed technique combines the surface information...
Special Issue:
Computational Methods in Infrared and Thermography (CMIT)
Journal: Infrared Physics and Technology
Aims and Scope
The importance of Infrared Non-Destructive Evaluation (IR-NDE) imaging techniques is unequivocally recognized in industries for different wavelength bands (i.e. short-, mid-, far-, and beyond far-infrared thermography)...
Coplanar capacitive sensors are employed in Non-destructive Testing (NDT) methods to measure the difference in dielectric properties of the materials. The most important design parameters for a coplanar capacitive sensor include the shape, size, and separation distance of the electrodes which affect the sensor performance. In addition, the impact o...
Pulsed thermography is a commonly used non-destructive testing method and is increasingly studied for the assessment of advanced materials such as carbon fibre-reinforced polymer (CFRP). Different processing approaches are proposed to detect and characterize anomalies that may be generated in structures during the manufacturing cycle or service per...
Subnivean life is an important part of the Arctic ecosystem but it has been little explored. Long, harsh winters in addition to remoteness have made direct studies in these hardly accessible areas very expensive and extremely difficult. To tackle this problem, a low-power autonomous camera system (called ArcÇav) is developed for monitoring small ma...
![Categorization of drones based on their weight [12].](publication/354924408/figure/tbl1/AS:11431281093074464@1667092477959/Categorization-of-drones-based-on-their-weight-12_Q320.jpg)
Using aerial platforms for Non-Destructive Inspection (NDI) of large and complex structures is a growing field of interest in various industries. Infrastructures such as: buildings, bridges, oil and gas, etc. refineries require regular and extensive inspections. The inspection reports are used to plan and perform required maintenance, ensuring thei...
Fibre metal laminates are widely implemented in the aerospace industry owing to the merits of fatigue resistance and plastic properties. An effective defect assessment technique needs to be investigated for this type of composite materials. In order to achieve accurate impact-induced damage evaluation, a multi-excitation infrared fusion method is i...
Pulsed thermography is a commonly used non-destructive testing method, and is increasingly studied for advanced materials such as carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) evaluation. Different processing approaches are proposed to detect and characterize anomalies that may be generated in structures during the manufacturing cycle or service period. I...
Coplanar capacitive technique is a relatively novel electro-magnetic Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) method that could be applied to the evaluation of materials by moving a set of electrodes on the surface of the specimen. In addition to the design-related parameters such as electrode shape, size, and the separation distance between the main electrod...
Pulsed thermography is one of the most popular thermography inspection methods. During an experiment of pulsed thermography, a specimen is quickly heated, and infrared
images are captured to provide information about the specimen’s surface and subsurface conditions. Adequate transformations are usually performed to enhance the contrast of the therm...
