X. Dai’s scientific contributions

What is this page?

This page lists works of an author who doesn't have a ResearchGate profile or hasn't added the works to their profile yet. It is automatically generated from public (personal) data to further our legitimate goal of comprehensive and accurate scientific recordkeeping. If you are this author and want this page removed, please let us know.

Publications (3)

Figure 2: Combined annual land-surface air and sea surface temperature anomalies (°C) 1861 to 2000, relative to 1961 to 1990. Two standard error uncertainties are shown as bars on the annual number. [Based on Figure 2.7c]
Figure 7a: Schematic of observed variations of the temperature indicators. [Based on Figure 2.39a]
Figure 10: Variations in atmospheric CO 2 concentration on different time-scales. (a) Direct measurements of atmospheric CO 2. (b) CO 2 concentration in Antarctic ice cores for the past millenium. Recent atmospheric measurements (Mauna Loa) are shown for comparison. (c) CO 2 concentration in the Taylor Dome Antarctic ice core. (d) CO 2 concentration in the Vostok Antarctic ice core. (Different colours represent results from different studies.) (e to f) Geochemically inferred CO 2 concentrations. (Coloured bars and lines represent different published studies) (g) Annual atmospheric increases in CO 2. Monthly atmospheric increases have been filtered to remove the seasonal cycle. Vertical arrows denote El Niño events. A horizontal line defines the extended El Niño of 1991 to 1994. [Based on Figures 3.2 and 3.3]
Figure 12: Global mean CFC-11 (CFCl 3 ) tropospheric abundance (ppt) from 1950 to 1998 based on smoothed measurements and emission models. CFC-11's radiative forcing is shown on the right axis. [Based on Figure 4.6]
Figure 13: Observed and modelled global annual mean temperature anomalies (°C) relative to the average of the observations over the period 1900 to 1930. The control and three independent simulations with the same greenhouse gas plus aerosol forcing and slightly different initial conditions are shown from an AOGCM. The three greenhouse gas plus aerosol simulations are labeled 'run 1', 'run 2', and 'run 3' respectively.

+5

Technical summary
  • Article
  • Full-text available

January 2001

·

294 Reads

·

23 Citations

DL Albritton

·

LG Meira Filho

·

·

[...]

·

Download
Figure 1: Variations of the Earth's surface temperature over the last 140 years and the last millennium. (a) The Earth's surface temperature is shown year by year (red bars) and approximately decade by decade (black line, a filtered annual curve suppressing fluctuations below near decadal time-scales). There are uncertainties in the annual data (thin black whisker bars represent the 95% confidence range) due to data gaps, random instrumental errors and uncertainties, uncertainties in bias corrections in the ocean surface temperature data and also in adjustments for urbanisation over the land. Over both the last 140 years and 100 years, the best estimate is that the global average surface temperature has increased by 0.6 ± 0.2°C. (b) Additionally, the year by year (blue curve) and 50 year average (black curve) variations of the average surface temperature of the Northern Hemisphere for the past 1000 years have been reconstructed from "proxy" data calibrated against thermometer data (see list of the main proxy data in the diagram). The 95% confidence range in the annual data is represented by the grey region. These uncertainties increase in more distant times and are always much larger than in the instrumental record due to the use of relatively sparse proxy data. Nevertheless the rate and duration of warming of the 20th century has been much greater than in any of the previous nine centuries. Similarly, it is likely 7 that the 1990s have been the warmest decade and 1998 the warmest year of the millennium. [Based upon (a) Chapter 2, Figure 2.7c and (b) Chapter 2, Figure 2.20]
Figure 2: Combined annual land-surface air and sea surface temperature anomalies (°C) 1861 to 2000, relative to 1961 to 1990. Two standard error uncertainties are shown as bars on the annual number. [Based on Figure 2.7c]
Figure 3: Many external factors force climate change.
Figure 4: Simulating the Earth's temperature variations, and comparing the results to measured changes, can provide insight into the underlying causes of the major changes.
Figure 5: The global climate of the 21st century will depend on natural changes and the response of the climate system to human activities. Climate models project the response of many climate variables-such as increases in global surface temperature and sea level-to various scenarios of greenhouse gas and other human-related emissions. (a) shows the CO 2 emissions of the six illustrative SRES scenarios, which are summarised in the box on page 18, along with IS92a for comparison purposes with the SAR. (b) shows projected CO 2 concentrations. (c) shows anthropogenic SO 2 emissions. Emissions of other gases and other aerosols were included in the model but are not shown in the figure. (d) and (e)

+7

Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis

January 2001

·

18,057 Reads

·

3,879 Citations

J.E.T. Houghton

·

Y. H. Ding

·

·

[...]

·

C. A. Johnson

Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis is the most comprehensive and up-to-date scientific assessment of past, present and future climate change. The report: • Analyses an enormous body of observations of all parts of the climate system. • Catalogues increasing concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gases. • Assesses our understanding of the processes and feedbacks which govern the climate system. • Projects scenarios of future climate change using a wide range of models of future emissions of greenhouse gases and aerosols. • Makes a detailed study of whether a human influence on climate can be identified. • Suggests gaps in information and understanding that remain in our knowledge of climate change and how these might be addressed. Simply put, this latest assessment of the IPCC will again form the standard scientific reference for all those concerned with climate change and its consequences, including students and researchers in environmental science, meteorology, climatology, biology, ecology and atmospheric chemistry, and policymakers in governments and industry worldwide.

Download

Citations (3)

... The climate has undergone significant changes [42]. Understanding the connection between temperature and predators is crucial for predicting how ecosystems respond to changing climates. ...

Reference:

Effect of Climate Change and Fear in a Fractional Prey-Predator Model with Crowley and Martin Functional Response
Climate change 2001: The scientific basis. Observed climate variability and change
  • Citing Article

  • January 2001

J.T. Houghton

·

Y. Ding

·

·

[...]

·

C.A. Johnson

... physical Earth System. However, as the importance of the carbon cycle in these models has grown, so too has the physiological sophistication of the biologically driven land surface, particularly photosynthesis (Albritton et al., 2001;Bonan et al., 2011;Oleson et al., 2013). Despite the increasing complexity of plant physiology in land surface models, the representation of vegetation as plant functional types (PFTs) compresses functional diversity into fewer than twenty aggregate types (Harrison et al., 2010;Oleson et al., 2013;Quillet et al., 2010;Wullschleger et al., 2014). ...

Reference:

Increasing Functional Diversity in a Global Land Surface Model Illustrates Uncertainties Related to Parameter Simplification
Technical summary
DL Albritton

·

LG Meira Filho

·

·

[...]

·

... Anthropogenic CO 2 emissions from the pre-industrial era (280 ppm) to the present day (380 ppm) are increased by around 30%. If emissions continue, the concentration may intensify to more than double (700 ppm) by the end of the century (Houghton et al., 2001). Consequently, the more CO 2 dissolved in seawater will shift carbonate chemistry and lead to ocean acidification (OA) by decreasing the pH (Caldeira & Wickett, 2003;Wolf-Gladrow et al., 1999). ...

Reference:

Microzooplankton community dynamics under ocean acidification: key observations and insights
Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis
J.E.T. Houghton

·

Y. H. Ding

·

·

[...]

·

C. A. Johnson