Wim Penning’s research while affiliated with Odense University Hospital and other places

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Publications (1)


Preventing Percutaneous Absorption of Industrial Chemicals: The “Skin” Denotation
  • Literature Review

February 1988

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14 Reads

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32 Citations

American Journal of Industrial Medicine

PhD Philippe Grandjean MD

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Philippe Grandjean

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Alexandre Berlin

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[...]

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Wim Penning

Percutaneous absorption has received comparatively little attention in occupational health, although this route of entry has repeatedly caused occupation-related intoxications. In practice, the evaluation of skin penetration rates is far from simple. Much evidence has been obtained from studies of chemicals used for cosmetics and topical therapeutics, but the information available on compounds encountered in occupational health is limited. The data obtained from experimental studies have confirmed that the concentration, type of vehicle, skin area, skin condition, and extent of occlusion are important factors in determining the degree of percutaneous absorption, but no general model has been developed. Also, too little is known about the basic chemical properties governing the rate of penetration. Thus, prediction is difficult and bound to be rather inaccurate. Current preventive practice follows the procedure used by ACGIH and is mainly based on a “skin” denotation in official listings of chemicals to which exposure limits have been allocated. The number of substances and groups of chemicals which have received skin denotation in 17 selected countries varies between 24 and 179, and a total of 275 are listed as a skin hazard in one or more countries; ACGIH lists 143. Thus, the denotation practice varies. As an unfortunate result of these discrepancies and the dichotomy of skin denotation, the absence of skin denotation may erroneously indicate that efforts to protect the skin are unnecessary. Thus, an evaluation of skin penetration potentials should be incorporated in occupational health practice as a supplement to the official denotations.

Citations (1)


... Chemical absorption through the skin depends on various factors, including skin condition, environmental conditions, chemical/mixture physicochemical properties, worker personal hygiene practices, protective clothing use, and general workplace conditions (Drexler, 2003;Grandjean et al., 1988). The health effects that may result from dermal exposures to chemicals in the workplace include skin irritation, skin sensitization, and systemic toxicity (Anderson and Meade, 2014;Lampel and Powell, 2019;Lushniak, 2004). ...

Reference:

Analysis of dermal exposure assessment in the US Environmental Protection Agency Toxic Substances Control Act risk evaluations of chemical manufacturing
Preventing Percutaneous Absorption of Industrial Chemicals: The “Skin” Denotation
  • Citing Article
  • February 1988

American Journal of Industrial Medicine