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May 2016
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1,402 Reads
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24 Citations
This report comprises solar thermal market data from 61 countries covering an estimated 95% of the worldwide market. The remaining 5%of the market were extrapolated and are labeled as “all other countries” in the following sections.
June 2015
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785 Reads
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34 Citations
This report was prepared within the framework of the Solar Heating and Cooling Programme (SHC) of the International Energy Agency (IEA). The goal of the report is to document the solar thermal capacity installed in the important markets worldwide, and to ascertain the contribution of solar thermal systems to the supply of energy and the CO2 emissions avoided as a result of operating these systems. The collectors documented are unglazed collectors, glazed flat-plate collectors (FPC) and evacuated tube collectors (ETC) with water as the energy carrier as well as glazed and unglazed air collectors.
June 2014
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566 Reads
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14 Citations
This report was prepared within the framework of the Solar Heating and Cooling Programme (SHC) of the International Energy Agency (IEA). The goal of the report is to document the solar thermal capacity installed in the important markets worldwide, and to ascertain the contribution of solar thermal systems to the supply of energy and the CO2 emissions avoided as a result of operating these systems. The collectors documented are unglazed collectors, glazed flat-plate collectors (FPC) and evacuated tube collectors (ETC) with water as the energy carrier as well as glazed and unglazed air collectors.
January 2012
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172 Reads
May 2011
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25 Reads
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22 Citations
December 2010
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793 Reads
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7 Citations
The future demand and supply of heat is very important to reach national goals in the areas climate protection and renewable energies. Therefore the project “Heizen 2050” analyzes the heat demand and the heat supply of Austrian buildings until 2050. Residential buildings and non-residential buildings of various categories were considered. The energy services space heating and water heating were analyzed. The developments were illustrated in scenarios. The computer model ERNSTL/EE-Lab is the methodical core of “Heizen 2050”. The model illustrates the development of the state of the building, investment decisions and the user behaviour. Most of the data consists of disaggregated cross-section data. A multinomial Logit approach is used in order to calculate investment decisions. The results of “Heizen 2050” show a slight increase of buildings after 2020 and stagnation from 2030 onwards. In 2050 there will presumably be 1.855 million residential buildings and 2.110 million non-residential buildings in Austria. A lot of energy can be saved thanks to renovation of buildings, especially buildings of the period between 1945 and 2000. It is essential that the renovation is done optimally otherwise badly renovated buildings are preserved due to the “lock in effect” until 2050. The heat demand for space heating and water heating peaked in the last decade with 103 TWh/a. With high quality renovation the demand should decrease by 50% to 52 GWh/a until 2050. Due to global warming the demand for heat further decreases by 8% - 15% depending on the scenario. The various scenarios differ concerning the amount of renewable energies especially for the period around 2030. Concluding many energy policy measures and R&D policy measures are necessary to reduce the energy consumption for space heating and water heating on the long term. Mainly it is important to ensure a high quality renovation. Energy politics have to assure good insulation, low temperature heat distribution systems as well as the exclusive use of renewable energy technologies. Furthermore the development of heat storages with high heat density is also very important.
January 2008
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45 Reads
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31 Citations
6 Reads
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11 Citations
8 Reads
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1 Citation
15 Reads
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4 Citations
... Research studies suggested that air-conditioning has been utilised in numerous places of the world (Mauthner and Weiss, 2014;Oye et al., 2020c). The reason for most systems is to give a satisfactory IAQ and thermal comfort for inhabitants. ...
June 2014
... A photovoltaic thermal system combines a photovoltaic module with a solar thermal collector to produce energy and heat. PVT collectors types classification (Kumar and Qureshi 2015) [30]. a-Concentrator PVT b-Flat plate PVT c-Building integrated PVT ...
May 2016
... The combustion of fossil fuels has resulted in massive environmental disasters throughout the world, including climate change and global warming. Consequently, the question of replacing it with clean, eco-friendly fuel is now unavoidable [2]. Renewable energy is now gaining popularity across the world, accounting for two-thirds of total global energy consumption [3]. ...
June 2015
... The yearly installed photovoltaic (PV) capacities of the past two years show high two-digit growth rates in the European market, with 42% in 2022 and 43 % in 2023 [1]. In the Austria market more than half of the cumulative capacity in 2023 were installed in those two years [2]. With the first time achieving 1 GWp of added capacity in 2022 and the highest growth rate in Europe in 2023 (+157.96%), ...
May 2011
... The condenser power must thus be converted to the evaporator power with the Coefficient of Performance ( ). The of the heat pump is set to 3.5 [74]. The specific geothermal probe is assumed to be 50 W m -1 [73]. ...
December 2010
... Interestingly and surprisingly, the investigators and designers of existing solar dryer designs did not keep an eye on their potential for large-scale building integration. There may be several reasons which could lead to the limited availability of literature and potential research gaps related to building integration of the solar dryers and can be enlisted as i) lack of interest and negligence of urban planners, building architects, and engineers as a potential technology for building energy conservation; ii) non-availability of appropriate designs of simple yet efficient building integrated solar dryers (hereafter denoted as BISD); iii) lack of attention, interest, and negligence by the research community to develop BISDs and their potential for low-cost retrofitting, iv) very limited, rather unavailability of studies on the economics of BISDs v) lack of information about appropriate test methods, and thermal performance parameters available for performance evaluation of BISDs and their usefulness and appropriateness in testing BISDs, vi) lack of information about BISDs temperature attainment at a particular latitude(s) due to changes in solar geometry and weather conditions, even though building integrated solar thermal systems have the potential to reach intermediate to high temperatures (Bergmann and Weiß, 2002;Ratismith et al. 2017), vii) lack of appropriate design of BISDs for a particular latitude leading to apprehensions about their selection. ...
... Multi-disciplinary collaboration is widely commemorated as a significant route toward enabling complex tasks in the design and construction process. Prof. Anne Grete Hestnes (2003) states that the benefits of such collaborative initiatives are 'not limited to the improvement of environmental performance.' Rather, multi-disciplinary collaboration allows participants to engage in 'open inter-disciplinary discussion' in which 'the client takes a more active role than usual, the architects becomes a team leader rather than a sole form giver and . . . ...
... (A) Solar thermal energy installation around the world as per the application (B) renewable energy consumption worldwide 2000-2020[11]. ...
January 2008
... Large surface is requiring for the quarter of the earth surface area have a potential of 250 times the current energy consumption. This fraction of land is much smaller than the one we use for agriculture (International Energy Agency, 2011) [3]. ...
... The potential saving in oil and electricity is considerable [1]. Solar thermal energy is a renewable energy source widely used worldwide [2]. Applications range from domestic solar water heaters (SWHs) to sophisticated solar farms for power generation. ...
![Figure 3: Global capacity in operation [GW el ], [GW th ] 2014 and annual energy yields [TWh el ], [TWh th ]](https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Franz-Mauthner-2/publication/329091635/figure/fig2/AS:695313014743046@1542786949971/Global-capacity-in-operation-GW-el-GW-th-2014-and-annual-energy-yields-TWh-el_Q320.jpg)
![Figure 2: Total capacity in operation [GW el ], [GW th ] 2013 and annual energy generated [TWh el ], [TWh th ]](https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Franz-Mauthner-2/publication/329091644/figure/fig2/AS:695314956701705@1542787412373/Total-capacity-in-operation-GW-el-GW-th-2013-and-annual-energy-generated-TWh-el_Q320.jpg)
