W.M. Kemp's research while affiliated with University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science and other places

... Recent modeling analysis indicated that the observed increase in net phytoplankton production has partially offset the impacts of atmospheric invasion and negative trends in the mid-bay region would have been approximately double what was observed in the absence of the observed increased phytoplankton production (Shen et al. 2020). There has not been a definitive explanation for the observed increases in Chl a but bottom-up forcing is unlikely the cause because both Susquehanna River nitrogen loading rates and water clarity have been declining over the study period (Testa et al. 2018(Testa et al. , 2019. ...

... When implemented, the ecological mechanisms may enhance the Dal Lake's ability to withstand and adapt to disturbances, among others involve reducing nutrients, and sediments, relieving numerous sources of stress and strengthening the system's capability to respond to novel stresses. Aquatic ecosystems are more resilient when submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) is extensive, and fishes are widely distributed across suitable habitats (Wainger et al., 2017). Evenly distributed fishes increase response diversity and indices relating to the spatial distribution of fish populations can function as resilience indicators in the same way that SAV extent does (Elmqvist et al., 2003;Schindler et al., 2010;Secor et al., 2009). ...

... Nevertheless, the expansion of oxygen-depleted coastal environments has been accelerating since the 1950s, most notably over the past two decades (Diaz and Rosenberg, 2008;Zhang et al., 2010). The number of reported hypoxic sites has increased exponentially at a rate of ~ 5.5% yr -1 over the past six decades, approximately doubling each decade and increasing at more than 500 sites (Breitburg et al., 2018;Diaz and Rosenberg, 2008;Vaquer-Sunyer and Duarte, 2008). ...

... Nutrient cycling is highly dependent on diverse physical forcing factors such as temperature, salinity, light, tidal currents, biological activity, among others (e.g. Henriksen and Kemp, 1988;Herbert, 1999;Scanes et al., 2017) and thus its influence on the palaeoecological record is difficult to access and should be taken with care (e. g. Scanes et al., 2017). ...

... Light attenuation values were determined from the equations in Figs. 1-4 in units of mg cm −2 , and converted by to g g −1 by the equation y (g g −1 ) = 0.5186 * x (mg cm −2 ), where the conversion coefficient is the mean of 5 studies and 4 species − Potamogeton perfoliatus, Twilley et al., 1985;Zostera marina, Kaldy, 1992; Thalassia testudinum, Kemp et al., 1988;Yarbro et al., 2004; Halodule wrightii, (Yarbro et al., 2004 detailed guidance on measurement of epiphyte biomass, but do not address the issue of a standardized measurement approach for load. Measurement standardization issues could not be fully resolved in the current data review, and represent one potential source of variation in the data analyses that follow. ...

... Large estuaries can exhibit climate-driven signals in water quality parameters associated mainly with riverine input (Cloern et al. 1983;Boynton and Kemp 2000;Paerl et al. 2014). Here, we demonstrate that long-term increases in concentrations of some nutrient parameters and Chl a can also be observed within smaller estuarine systems dominated by oceanic inputs and that the main driver of those increases appears to be the water level within the estuary. ...

... After years of anthropogenic pressures, Lake Victoria is now considered to be persistently eutrophicated and polluted (Downing et al., 2012;Juma et al., 2014;Mbonde et al., 2015;Nassali et al., 2020;Olokotum et al., 2020). One well-known consequence of eutrophication is the significant modification of the phytoplankton community, which is the cornerstone supporting the productivity of all aquatic ecosystems (Boynton et al., 1983). How-ever, anthropogenic pressures are not uniformly distributed, and bays and gulfs appear more affected by eutrophication than the open lake (Ngupula et al., 2012;Olokotum et al., 2020). ...

... Human activity has become a major factor in the change of net runoff in the Yellow River Basin [25]. Additionally, some studies mainly consider the influence mechanism of demographic factors on the evolution of certain type(s) of natural resources [23,24] and ecological environment [26][27][28] in natural watersheds. Most of scholars treat natural watersheds as a closed system [29] to analyze the single-factor influence of its internal population [30]. ...

... Estuaries are unique environments that are ecologically diverse and valuable systems worldwide [1]. They also support many economic and recreational services to the communities in these areas [2]. ...

... Instead, our experimental design focused on providing insights on the variability of their recovery pace within a reasonable temporal scale for plankton communities and their short generation times, while still minimizing enclosure effects that can otherwise build up over time in longer experiments (Petersen and Kemp 2019). In this context, multiple factors and ecological traits can influence the pace of functional recovery from pulse disturbances in plankton, such as speciesspecific reproductive strategies (Ersoy et al. 2019), the replenishment of locally extinct taxa due to their dispersal and colonization from other undisturbed ecosystems (Loreau et al. 2003;Leibold et al. 2004), or the quantity and quality of resources available to grow on (Shade et al. 2016). ...