W. Hartley Furtan's research while affiliated with University of Saskatchewan and other places
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Publications (20)
Reverse franchising is the business format where a number of small firms (or farms) through collective action create an entity (a firm, a cooperative, a marketing order, a joint venture, a strategic alliance, etc) which undertakes certain activities on behalf of the members' franchisees. We use two illustrative examples of reverse franchising in th...
State Trading Enterprises (STEs) are periodically subject to intense scrutiny for their suspected negative impact on the international trade of agricultural goods. Sound empirical assessment of the impact of STEs is scant, in spite of the ongoing and intense debate over their impacts, especially in the context of reform at the WTO. In this paper we...
We deal with the link between innovation and market structure using the empirical example of the Danish agri-food industry. Vertical integration may resolve hold-up problems and here we test for the importance of vertical integration and networks on innovation. We further examine the effects of network relationships on innovation behaviour. We use...
This paper estimates the effects of the Canada-US Free Trade Agreement (CUSFTA) on trade, sales of foreign affiliates of multinational enterprises, and total bilateral commerce (aggregate of both trade ands sales of foreign affiliates) in the manufacturing sector. The empirical investigation is carried out over a panel dataset covering the US bilat...
This study examines the phenomenon of home market effect (HME) through a framework where firms can serve a foreign market
either via trade or via foreign direct investment (FDI). The results show that HME holds when determined through both location-based
and nationality-based criteria. However, compared to the original measure of HME in the absence...
Because of high commodity prices, beginning in 2006, subsidies to farmers in the United States, the European Union, and Canada have been reduced significantly. However, significant losses have been experienced by the red meat sector, along with escalating food prices. Because of rising input costs, the “farm boom†may not be as great as first th...
Public and private investment in Research and Development are an important source of economic growth. This article documents the high rate of return to society from investment in agricultural research. The analysis took the form of estimating the gains in producer and consumer surplus from research that improved rapeseed yield in western Canada and...
The agricultural system in Saskatchewan has undergone an adaptive change in the past fifty years. This change is in large part due to the technology adopted by the farmers in Saskatchewan. This paper examines some of the changes that have occurred in Saskatchewan agriculture and employs the indirect innovation model of technical change to explain t...
Technology adopted by Canadian farmers has been induced by changes in factor prices. This paper demonstrates the consistency of the change in factor prices to the bias of technical change. The analysis compares two distinctly different regions of Canada, the Prairies and central Canada.
Les technologies qui ont été adoptées par les agriculteurs can...
In Canada, there exists a perception that the annual costs of soil deterioration to farmers are enormous and that, unless something is done quickly to ameliorate the problem of soil degradation, agricultural production potential could be threatened. In this paper, we argue that the on-farm costs of soil degradation are grossly overstated and that C...
Foreign products reach domestic consumers via cross-border trade and by the production of foreign affiliates of multinational enterprises. The conventional measurement of home bias in consumption of national products relative to foreign products does not recognize the role of multinational activities. In this paper, a gravity-based model that accou...
The adoption of conservation tillage technology since the 1970s has been one of the most remarkable changes in the production of crops on the Canadian Prairies. The decision whether to adopt conservation tillage technology or not requires the producer to go through a thorough decision-making process. In Canada, there has been little economic resear...
In this article, a statistical model is developed to analyze determinants of foreign direct investment (FDI) in the Polish food industry. Data on FDI inflows from three investor home country clusters is related to characteristics of 12 food industry branches. The results indicate that firm size, privatization speed, value-added, and import share ar...
While mergers, both horizontal and vertical, have been shaping the landscape of the agri-food industry in Europe, the implications of the changing market structure on the level of innovation has not been studied yet. In this paper we deal with the link between innovation and market structure using the empirical example of the Danish agri-food indus...
The organization of primary agriculture is dependent upon whether the institutions of a country allow for reverse franchising by farmers. If the transaction costs of managing a farm can be minimized by farmers conducting a form of collective action, such as cooperatives, then the size of farms will be smaller. If farms have to make the products in...
This paper investigates the effect of innovation on primary agricultural and processed food product exports among the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries. A theoretical gravity equation that accounts for innovation is derived. The empirical exercise uses panel data sets covering 21 OECD countries for the period 19...
The Doha Round has been slow to achieve a reduction in the level of agricultural protection. This remains the case notwithstanding the substantial economic benefits that would arise from a more liberal agricultural trading regime. We provide one explanation for this slowness using a simple bargaining model. We demonstrate that the bargaining countr...
This study examines the optimal approval strategy for genetically modified (GM) wheat varieties in Canada and the United States. Without an affordable segregation system, the introduction of GM wheat will create a market for "lemons" that will result in the loss of important export markets. Using a differentiated product trade model for spring whea...
Citations
... State-trading enterprises (STEs), in particular those with a monopoly status, tend to enhance the value of their host countries' exports and restrict imports, suggesting a protectionist function (see e.g. Pirness et al., 2012, for an empirical analysis of wheat trade). Depending on governments' redistributional targets, STEs might be a perfect substitute for tariffs. ...
Reference: Characterising Non-tariff Trade Policy
![[object Object]](https://i1.rgstatic.net/ii/profile.image/281229195792393-1444061673634_Q64/Mark-Partridge.jpg)
... The supply shifter 'k' is the overall yield advantage of improved varieties of onion over the local variety weighed by the area sown to the improved varieties of onion. In the case of the Akino and Hayami (1975) approximation formulas, k is the horizontal shift from the equilibrium price Pn given S1 to the equilibrium price Po given S2 which corresponds to a distance equal to QnQo in Figure 1 (Gardener et al., 1986;Nagy and Furtan, 1978). The supply shifter k is calculated as follows: ...
... The C-D production function is simple and satisfies positive monotonicity and concavity conditions, but the function has strict assumptions. Translog production function is more flexible than C-D such that it is useful to employ the former (Furtan and Gray, 1981). Let Y be a value of product (IDR/ha); L be the labour (manday/ha); F be the inorganic fertilisers (kg/ha); P be the synthetic pesticides (kg/ha); M be the value of other materials such as plastic mulching, bamboo stick, plastic rope, water irrigation and organic fertilisers (IDR/ha); and β i be coefficients of technology. ...
![[object Object]](https://i1.rgstatic.net/ii/profile.image/272559199485961-1441994585099_Q64/Richard-Gray-20.jpg)
... Similar two - stage CES approaches are used by Kawagoe et al . ( 1986 ) , who also apply the model to the United States and Japan , Thirtle ( 1985 ) , who considered US wheat production and Karagiannis and Furtan ( 1990 ) , who used Canadian data . Binswanger ' s ( 1974 ) pioneering applications of dual - ity provided further support by fitting a translog cost function and using relative factor prices to explain the residual factor shares , net of factor substitution . ...
... This study investigates the innovation process along the whole supply chain, according to a collective model and in relation to governance mechanisms. When innovation is driven by governance models, it enables to spread, along the supply chain, the value created (Karantininis et al., 2010). Further, governance becomes a determining factor in the process of innovation and value creation (Gosh and John, 2005;Menard, 2004). ...
![[object Object]](https://i1.rgstatic.net/ii/profile.image/547397538856960-1507521151988_Q64/Kostas-Karantininis.jpg)
... precision farming technologies, GMOs, and irrigation technologies) on climate change and environmental sustainability (e.g. Barrett and Abergel, 2000;Cederberg and Mattsson, 2000;Pringle et al., 2003;Furtan, 2007;Pampolino et al., 2007;Vergragt and Brown, 2008;Ahlgren et al., 2009;Gnansounou et al., 2009;Fleischer et al., 2011;Smyth et al., 2011;Mushtaq et al., 2013;Zaher et al., 2013). To carry out these assessments, scholars have applied different TA approaches, such as economic and simulation models, surveys and participatory approaches (ibid). ...
... Innovation may affect the level of trade in several ways. Ghazalian and Furtan (2007) conclude that R&D increases the agri-food exports. Unfortunately, there are no available data of R&D capital stock for the observed countries, hence we use labour productivity as a proxy for innovation. ...
![[object Object]](https://i1.rgstatic.net/ii/profile.image/381268089950209-1467912804341_Q64/Pascal-Ghazalian.jpg)
... Due to this ongoing situation, growing attention has been given to the need for conducting studies on accessing the costs and risks of GM contamination and analysing reactive strategies to mitigate these potential wheat contamination risks before they undermine the functionality of grain SC system. A number of studies have been conducted on the economic impact of GM wheat commercialisation (Berwald, Carter, and Gruère 2006;Furtan, Gray, and Holzman 2005;Johnson, Lin, and Vocke 2005). But limited comprehensive studies have been done to quantify potential risks associated with GM contamination, or explore risk mitigation along the system. ...
... Memobilisasi dana tabungan sebagai modal investasi menjadi salah satu strategi pembangunan untuk mempercepat laju pertumbuhan ekonomi. Sebagaimana pemikiran oleh Harrod-Domar bahwa output dari unit ekonomi atau suatu industri tergantung dari besaran modal yang diinvestasikan, dan ini terbukti melalui kajian empiris oleh (Furtan & Sauer, 2008) yang mana investasi sangat penting bagi pertumbuhan nilai tambah industri makanan di Denmark. Dengan demikian, sektor keuangan dapat menjadi sarana dalam akumulasi modal yang dibutuhkan oleh pelaku ekonomi. ...
... The decision whether to apply diversity or directly age management is the responsibility of individual organizations with regard to demographic development and the current situation on the labour market, as well as migration [8], [12]. At the same time, age affects the willingness to adopt new technologies [13], [14], which plays a significant role in a digitizationdependent era. ...
