W. H. Wischmeier's scientific contributions
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Publications (5)
The effects of slope irregularities on soil erosion by water were analyzed on the basis of recent progress in mathematical simulation of the basic erosion processes. The report presents the analysis and extends it to field application. A technique is proposed for evaluating the universal soil-loss equation's topographic factor for irregular field o...
Proceedings includes 14 papers dealing with the causes and mechanisms of soil erosion and methods of preventing and controlling erosion. Following is part I of the list of titles and authors of the papers presented: Experimental Study of the Attack of Water on Dry Cohesive Soil Systems. By Hans F. Winterkorn. Hydraulic Erosion of Remolded Cohesive...
Citations
... wischmeier (Meyer et al., 1971) empirical formula is used to calculate the rainfall erosivity factor 234 of each city based on monthly rainfall and annual rainfall. The calculation formula is: where Pi is the monthly rainfall ((MJ·mm)/(hm 2 ·h·a)), and P is the annual rainfall 237 ((MJ·mm)/(hm 2 ·h·a)). ...
... The empirical equation proposed by Younkin [26] is the only model that has been developed to estimate the sediment supply to a stream during periods of rainfall-induced erosion of disturbed soils that are common to highway construction (Equation (2)). In this equation Q ss (tons) is the suspended sediment yield at the stream station, R is the rainfall erosivity factor as defined in both USLE and RUSLE for a single storm event, A (square yards) is the area of the construction site, D (yards) is the average depth of disturbed soil, and P (dimensionless) is the ratio of the area upslope of the stream to the total area of the site. ...
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... It is comprised of the individual slope length (L, dimensionless) and slope steepness (S, dimensionless) factors, influencing the volume and speed of surface runoff, respectively. Among the different methodologies introduced for its estimation, Desmet and Govers (1996) extended the approach of Foster and Wischmeier (1974) for irregular, i.e., non-uniform, slopes (they proposed their sub-division into a number of segments), to a twodimensional terrain using the concept of the unit-contributing area (Equation (5)). ...
... This conservation practice, on one hand, can protect soil surface from direct raindrop impact, thereby decreasing splash erosion (Gholami et al., 2013;Cerdà et al., 2016). Increasing surface roughness, it on the other hand can reduce flow velocity overall while entrapping soil particles directly (Meyer et al., 1970;Rahma et al., 2013;Robichaud et al., 2013a). The retardation of surface runoff, in particular, tends to enhance water infiltration and increase soil water storage as well as water uptake by straw segments, especially at the beginning of rainfall when the straw is relatively dry (Rahma et al., 2019;Wang et al., 2022). ...
... Accumulation of the sediment in the reservoir results in a reduction of water storage potential, consequently reducing the water availability for agriculture, electricity generation, municipal and industrial usage. The process of soil erosion involves detachment, transport and subsequent deposition (Meyer and Wischmeier 1969). Sediment is detached from the soil surface by raindrop impact and flowing water's shearing force (Jain and Kothyari 2000). ...
