Vishwanath Prasad Agrawal’s research while affiliated with Nepal Agricultural Research Council and other places

What is this page?


This page lists works of an author who doesn't have a ResearchGate profile or hasn't added the works to their profile yet. It is automatically generated from public (personal) data to further our legitimate goal of comprehensive and accurate scientific recordkeeping. If you are this author and want this page removed, please let us know.

Publications (15)


Plant proteomics in India and Nepal: Current status and challenges ahead
  • Literature Review
  • Full-text available

October 2013

·

393 Reads

·

9 Citations

Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants

·

·

·

[...]

·

Plant proteomics has made tremendous contributions in understanding the complex processes of plant biology. Here, its current status in India and Nepal is discussed. Gel-based proteomics is predominantly utilized on crops and non-crops to analyze majorly abiotic (49 %) and biotic (18 %) stress, development (11 %) and post-translational modifications (7 %). Rice is the most explored system (36 %) with major focus on abiotic mainly dehydration (36 %) stress. In spite of expensive proteomics setup and scarcity of trained workforce, output in form of publications is encouraging. To boost plant proteomics in India and Nepal, researchers have discussed ground level issues among themselves and with the International Plant Proteomics Organization (INPPO) to act in priority on concerns like food security. Active collaboration may help in translating this knowledge to fruitful applications.

Download

Time to articulate a vision for the future of plant proteomics - A global perspective: An initiative for establishing the International Plant Proteomics Organization (INPPO)

May 2011

·

140 Reads

·

43 Citations

Proteomics

Given the essential role of proteomics in understanding the biology of plants, we are establishing a global plant proteomics organization to properly organize, preserve and disseminate collected information on plant proteomics. We call this organization 'International Plant Proteomics Organization (INPPO; http://www.inppo.com).' Ten initiatives of INPPO are outlined along with how to address them in multiple phases. As our vision is global, we sincerely hope the scientific communities around the world will come together to support and join INPPO.


Novel insight into kinetin-inducible stress responses in rice seedlings

May 2003

·

25 Reads

·

9 Citations

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Kinetin (KN) action in rice self-defense mechanism was studied using our established 2-week-old rice (Oryza sativa L. japonica-type cv. Nipponbare) seedling in vitro model system. It was strikingly observed that KN caused formation of brownish necrotic microlesions in leaves, suggesting it triggers a stress response in rice. Subsequent northern analyses revealed differential regulation (both up-and down-regulations) of 10 prominent defense/stress-related marker genes, including the critical pathogenesis-related (PR) protein genes of class 1, 5 and 10. A systemic effect of KN in leaves was shown using OsPR1b (basic) and OsPOX (peroxidase) genes as representatives. KN also exclusively triggered potent accumulation of PR proteins (OsPR5 and OsPR10), and a phytoalexin, sakuranetin. Interestingly, as KN failed to induce jasmonic acid (JA) inducible genes (OsPR1a and JIOsPR10), and had almost no effect on accumulated endogenous JA level due to wounding by cut, KN might act through a yet unknown (and JA-independent) pathway. These results provide a new aspect on the role of KN as a potent activator of the stress responses in the rice plant.


Regulation of OsRac1 mRNA Against Defense-Related Stimuli in Wild-Type Rice Seedlings

May 2003

·

23 Reads

·

2 Citations

Biologia Plantarum

A rice (Oryza sativa L.) homolog of mammalian Rac-GTPase, OsRac1, characterized only in transgenic rice, was proposed to involve in cell death/disease resistance. However, its role in wild-type rice remains uncharacterized and unclear. We examined expression of the OsRac1 mRNA in response to stress signalling components, jasmonic acid (JA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and two protein phosphatase inhibitors, cantharidin (CN) and endothall (EN), using rice (cv. Nipponbare) seedlings. The OsRac1 transcript, whose accumulation required certain de novo synthesized protein factor(s), increased in the leaves upon CN/EN and H2O2 treatment, but not by JA. Using two pathogenesis-related (PR) protein gene markers, OsPR5 and OsPR10, our results also reveal OsRac1 mRNA accumulates later than that of these two important defense/stress-related OsPR genes.


Transient regulation of jasmonic acid-inducible rice MAP kinase gene (OsBWMK1) by diverse biotic and abiotic stresses

April 2003

·

45 Reads

·

90 Citations

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

We report on japonica-type (cv. Nipponbare) rice seedling characterization of a jasmonic acid-inducible mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) gene (identical to the previously isolated blast- and wound-inducible first functional MAPK gene, BWMK1 from indica-type rice, accession number AF177392), and hence termed OsBWMK1. As BWMK1 was shown to be induced in leaves by blast infection and wounding, only after around 4 h and 30 min, respectively, it remains completely unknown as to how this MAPK behaves in response to other external stimuli. We consistently detected that the weak constitutive mRNA expression of OsBWMK1 was potently enhanced and transiently regulated within 15 min of wounding (by cut) and treatment with diverse stressors, such as global signaling molecules, fungal elicitor, protein phosphatase inhibitors, heavy metals, high salt and sucrose, and drought. Interestingly, high temperature (37 °C), but not low temperature (12 °C), and notorious environmental pollutants—ozone and sulfur dioxide—also strongly induced the OsBWMK1 transcript within 15–30 min of treatment, suggesting that OsBWMK1 converges diverse stress signals in rice. Treatment with cycloheximide suggests the possible involvement of a certain de novo synthesized protein factor(s) in its transient regulation. These results strongly suggest the physiological importance of OsBWMK1 in mediating multiple extrinsic signals in rice.


Isolation of a novel rice PR4 type gene whose mRNA expression is modulated by blast pathogen attack and signaling components

January 2003

·

46 Reads

·

37 Citations

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

A novel rice (Oryza sativa L., cv. Nipponbare) gene, OsPR4 (pathogenesis-related type 4), which exists as a single copy in the rice genome, was cloned from a differentially expressed cDNA library of the rice leaves infected with the blast pathogen, Magnaporthe grisea. OsPR4, a PR4 type member, showed significant similarity at the amino acid level with related monocotyledonous maize, barley and wheat PR4s, but low similarity with the well-characterized dicotyledoneous PR4s. The OsPR4 mRNA that differentially accumulated in abundance with time during a compatible and incompatible host–pathogen interaction, was occasionally weakly detected in healthy leaves, and did not increase after cutting. Moreover, among the global signals known to modulate defense/stress responses, jasmonic acid and abscisic acid, but not salicylic acid, ethylene and hydrogen peroxide, strongly up-regulated the OsPR4 mRNA, indicating that OsPR4 is an inducible component of the defense/stress response pathway(s). The protein phosphatase inhibitors, cantharidin, endothall and okadaic acid, potently up-regulated the OsPR4 expression, suggesting its regulation via kinase-signaling cascades. Additionally, the inducible expression of OsPR4 was influenced by light signal(s). Cloning of OsPPR4 from rice, a model monocotyledonous species' represents one of the first studies in which the expression of a PR4 type member has been investigated.


Differential regulation of an early and late responsive rice endosperm kinase mRNA in seedling leaves

December 2002

·

7 Reads

·

3 Citations

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

The rice endosperm kinase (REK) gene belonging to the SNF (sucrosenonfermenting)1-like subfamily of the calcium-/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase group (whose physiological role(s) remain elusive) remains uncharacterized to date in photosynthetic tissues. Using an established in vitro rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Nipponbare) seedling model system, we provide the first evidence for a rapid (within 30 min) enhancement of the REK mRNA in response to the critical signals mediating plant self-defense responses, namely jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA), and hydrogen peroxide. This enhanced expression was suppressed upon co-application of JA, SA or ethephon (ethylene generator), and may require a de novo synthesized protein factor(s) suggested by the use of cycloheximide (CHX). Besides signaling molecules, osmolytes, drought, heavy metals and protein phosphatase inhibitors, especially okadaic acid, also enhanced the REK mRNA expression. Interestingly, a long-term exposure to several of these stresses revealed a strong but differential regulation of the REK transcript with time under light and darkness. Furthermore, a fungal elicitor, chitosan, also enhanced the REK mRNA expression, which was completely abolished at either 12 or 24 h by CHX. However, high/low temperatures, and the environmental pollutants, ozone and sulfur dioxide, failed to enhance the REK mRNA expression, as determined using an in vivo system. These results strongly indicate a function for REK in defense/stress responses in rice photosynthetic tissues.


Characterization of a novel rice gene OsATX and modulation of its expression by components of the stress signalling pathways

October 2002

·

28 Reads

·

14 Citations

Physiologia Plantarum

In our search to identify gene(s) involved in the rice self-defense responses, we cloned a novel rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Nipponbare) gene, OsATX, a single copy gene, from the JA treated rice seedling leaves cDNA library. This gene encodes a 69 amino acid polypeptide with a predicted molecular mass of 7649.7 and a pI of 5.6. OsATX was responsive to cutting (wounding by cutting the excised leaf), over its weak constitutive expression in the healthy leaves. The critical signalling molecules, jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid (SA), abscisic acid (ABA), and hydrogen peroxide, together with protein phosphatase inhibitors, effectively up-regulated the OsATX expression with time, over the excised leaf cut control, whereas ethylene had no affect. Furthermore, copper, a heavy metal, also up-regulated OsATX expression. Moreover, induced expression of OsATX mRNA was influenced by light signal(s), and showed a requirement for de novo synthesized protein factors. Additionally, co-application of either JA or ABA with SA drastically suppressed the induced OsATX mRNA level. Finally, the blast pathogen, Magnaporthe grisea, triggered OsATX mRNA accumulation. These results strongly suggest a function/role(s) for OsATX in defense/stress responses in rice.


Molecular cloning and mRNA expression analysis of the first rice jasmonate biosynthetic pathway gene allene oxide synthase* 1

September 2002

·

61 Reads

·

50 Citations

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

The octadecanoid pathway metabolite jasmonic acid (JA) plays a vital role in rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Nipponbare) defense/stress response(s). However, genes involved in its biosynthesis remain unidentified. Here, we cloned a novel rice cDNA highly homologous to the llene xide ynthase (EC 4.2.1.92) AOS gene, the first committed step in JA biosynthesis, showing significant similarity at the amino acid level with a related monocotyledoneous barley AOS. OsAOS is a novel member of the cytochrome P450 CYP74A subfamily and exists as a single copy gene in the rice genome. An examination of its steady state mRNA level in two-week-old seedling leaves revealed that OsAOS does not express constitutively in healthy leaves, and shows a weak responsiveness to cut. Signaling components of defense/stress pathways, in particular JA itself, strongly up-regulated the OsAOS transcript, whereas salicylate, ethylene, abscisic acid, and hydrogen peroxide were not so effective. Copper, a heavy metal also significantly enhanced the OsAOS expression. Protein phosphatase inhibitors proved to be the most potent in up-regulating the OsAOS mRNA level, suggesting the involvement of phosphorylation/dephosphorylation events in its regulation. Moreover, the inducible nature of OsAOS was influenced by light signal(s). Blast pathogen (Magnaporthe grisea) specifically elicited the accumulation of OsAOS mRNA in leaves in an incompatible versus compatible interaction, a first demonstration of pathogen responsiveness for any AOS gene to date. These results strongly suggest the importance of OsAOS in rice defense/stress response pathway(s).


Effects of signaling molecules, protein phosphatase inhibitors and blast pathogen (Magnaporthe grisea) on the mRNA level of a rice (Oryza sativa L.) phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (OsPHGPX) gene in seedling leaves

February 2002

·

15 Reads

·

80 Citations

Gene

With a specific focus on rice self-defense response(s), the effects of global signaling molecules, jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid (SA), abscisic acid (ABA), and ethylene (using the ethylene generator, ethephon), and protein phosphatase (PP) inhibitors, cantharidin and endothall on expression of a rice phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (OsPHGPX) gene in rice seedling leaves were investigated. We provide first evidence for a potent up-regulation of the OsPHGPX mRNA accumulation by these signaling molecules and PP inhibitors that strongly suggest its potential role in defense/stress. The OsPHGPX gene also showed a weak constitutive expression and responsiveness to cut. These inductions were influenced by light signal(s), and did not show a requirement for de novo synthesized protein factor(s). A potential interaction amongst these signaling molecules, especially JA, SA, ABA and kinetin, in modulating the OsPHGPX expression was found. The blast pathogen, Magnaporthe grisea also elicited the accumulation of OsPHGPX mRNA in leaves. This is a first systematic report in rice (and in plants) demonstrating the inducible nature (and expression) of the OsPHGPX gene by a variety of defense/stress-related stimuli, and modulation by the PPs of the kinase-signaling cascade(s).


Citations (14)


... Proteomics and metabolomics have been useful in understanding the complex processes of plant biology [45,46]. In this study, IP-MS proteomics was utilized to discover the McHB7 complex proteins. ...

Reference:

Transcription Factor McHB7 Improves Ice Plant Drought Tolerance through ABA Signaling Pathway
Plant proteomics in India and Nepal: Current status and challenges ahead

Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants

... The data are from one of three independent representative experiments. defense pathway (Agrawal et al., 2000;Rakwal et al., 2001;Shimono et al., 2007;Hao et al., 2012) before and after M. oryzae infection. We established that the transcript levels of all these genes are significantly higher in Ostga5-1 plants after inoculation compared with those in ZH11 (P 5 0.01; Figure 2D). ...

Jasmonate, salicylate, protein phosphatase 2A inhibitors and kinetin up-regulate OsPR5 expression in cut-responsive rice (Oryza sativa)
  • Citing Article
  • October 2001

Journal of Plant Physiology

... A model where pathogen attack or wounding induce the synthesis of jasmonic acid in plants and consequently the expression of proteinase inhibitors was suggested (FARMER & RYAN 1992;KOIWA et al. 1997). There is quite some evidence that pathogen infection and jasmonic acid influence the levels of proteinase inhibitors in plants (AGRAWAL et al. 2002;GRUDEN et al. 1997;KREFT et al. 1997;SHIN et al. 2001). There is some (AVROVA et al. 1999;POMPE-NOVAK et al. 2002), but significantly less information available dealing with cysteine proteinases. ...

Oryza sativa proteinase inhibitor gene, OsPIN, whose mRNA specifically accumulates in a compatible host-blast pathogen interaction
  • Citing Article
  • February 2002

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

... Jasmonate exhibits some activities similar to the plant hormone Abscisic Acid (ABA), which plays a key role in regulating water use by plants [60]. Jwa et al. [61] reported that as a fungal elicitor, CHT enhanced the rice endosperm kinase (REK) mRNA expression, which responds to the critical signals mediating plant self-defense/stress response, namely Jasmonic Acid (JA), Salicylic Acid (SA) and hydrogen peroxide. Recently, in plants, a large spectrum of antimicrobial and regulatory activities was obtained by using CHTbased molecules [7]. Lee et al. [62] reported that CHT reduced the size of the stomatal aperture and inhibited light induced stomatal opening by inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS), including super oxide and hydrogen peroxide, which inhibit stomatal opening and promote stomatal closing. ...

Differential regulation of an early and late responsive rice endosperm kinase mRNA in seedling leaves
  • Citing Article
  • December 2002

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

... The expression of the OsRac1 mRNA, homology of mammalian Rac-GTPase, in response to signalling components JA and H 2 O 2 were examined in wild-type rice seedling. The OsRac1 transcript, whose accumulation required certain de novo synthesized protein factor(s), increased in the leaves upon H 2 O 2 treatment, but not by JA (Agrawal 2003). In addition, the oxidative burst in incompatible pathogen-challenged Arabidopsis leaves was found to activate a secondary systemic burst in distal parts of the plants, leading to the establishment of systemic immunity via the expression of defence-related genes (Alvarez et al. 1998). ...

Regulation of OsRac1 mRNA Against Defense-Related Stimuli in Wild-Type Rice Seedlings
  • Citing Article
  • May 2003

Biologia Plantarum

... AOS was extensively involved in plant responses to a variety of stresses (Agrawal et al., 2002;Lu et al., 2012;Sivasankar et al., 2000). It could be induced by wounding (Sivasankar et al., 2000), systemin (Sivasankar et al., 2000), 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA) (Sivasankar et al., 2000), copper (Agrawal et al., 2002), pathogen (Agrawal et al., 2002), hormones such as methyl jasmonate (MeJA) (Lu et al., 2012;Sivasankar et al., 2000), salicylic acid (SA) (Sivasankar et al., 2000), abscisic acid (ABA) (Lu et al., 2012) and ethylene (ET) (Lu et al., 2012;Sivasankar et al., 2000), and participate in the regulation of plant growth and development (Dumin et al., 2018), however with different expression patterns in various plant species (Dumin et al., 2018;Liu et al., 2014;Mei et al., 2006). ...

Molecular cloning and mRNA expression analysis of the first rice jasmonate biosynthetic pathway gene allene oxide synthase* 1
  • Citing Article
  • September 2002

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

... Plant responses to insects and pathogens are complex and modulate the expression of a large number of genes, many of which are believed to have a direct role in plant defense (Xu et al., 1994;Agrawal et al., 2003;Banno et al., 2005;Franco et al., 2017). Pathogen recognition by plants activates the host defense response resulting in the accumulation of pathogenesis-related proteins (PR proteins) (Pieterse and van Loon, 1999). ...

Isolation of a novel rice PR4 type gene whose mRNA expression is modulated by blast pathogen attack and signaling components
  • Citing Article
  • January 2003

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

... PR10 genes were also sensitive to abiotic stresses, such as cold-hardening Wisniewski et al. 2004), wounding , salinity (Moons et al. 1997), drought (Dubos and Plomion 2001), and UV irradiation (Rakwal et al. 1999). The previous studies suggested that the expression of PR10 gene was also regulated by jasmonic acid (JA) (Mcgee et al. 2001;Rakwal et al. 2001), salicylic acid (SA) (Mcgee et al. 2001), abscisic acid (ABA) (Borsics and Lados 2002), gibberellic acid (GA) , and kinetin (Rakwal et al. 2003). Notably, some PR10 genes could maintain their transcriptions at a relatively stable level across different developmental stages in different plant species (Huang et al. 1997;Walter et al. 1996;Wu et al. 2004). ...

Novel insight into kinetin-inducible stress responses in rice seedlings
  • Citing Article
  • May 2003

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

... For example, JA has been shown to activate the activity of MAPKs involved in the regulation of defence response signalling and its mediated programmed cell death (PCD; Jagodzik et al. 2018). Agrawal et al. (2003) reported significant expression of JA-induced MAPK gene (OsBWMK1) in rice seedlings within 15 min of wounding or treatment with fungal elicitors, including blast infection Overall, JA plays an important role in the protein level of plant immunity, by regulating the expression and activity of many proteins involved in plant defence against herbivores and pathogens. ...

Transient regulation of jasmonic acid-inducible rice MAP kinase gene (OsBWMK1) by diverse biotic and abiotic stresses
  • Citing Article
  • April 2003

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

... The interplay of galac-tose and its derivatives is intricately linked to the modulation of various defense mechanisms in plants. For example, galactose and its derivatives are involved in the biosynthesis of cell wall components, which are integral to the reinforcement of plant cell walls and act as physical barriers against pathogen invasion [67,68]. Additionally, galactose-containing compounds, such as galactolipids, are essential constituents of plant cell membranes and have been implicated in signaling pathways associated with plant defense responses [69,70]. ...

Signalling molecules and blast pathogen attack activates rice OsPR1a and OsPR1b genes: A model illustrating components participating during defence/stress response
  • Citing Article
  • December 2001

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry