Victoria Bradley's research while affiliated with King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and other places

... One example is the crowded hospital Emergency Department (ED), due to the stress of responding to the emergency treatment needs of multiple patients rapidly and effectively. Issues related to incivility in EDs have been reported globally, including in the US, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and Australia (Klingberg et al., 2018;Shetty et al., 2016;Bradley et al., 2015;Rosenstein et al., 2008). Cited examples of incivility include abrupt retorts or comments, unreasonable demands on colleagues, arbitrary assertions of power, shifting responsibility, blaming others, and hiding personal insufficiencies. ...

... Obtaining these skills during residency is important, both because trainees are unlikely to receive this education after they complete their training and because residency training has a significant impact on how they will practice throughout their careers [17]. To our knowledge, this is the first study to directly measure internal medicine residents' attitudes toward referrals, their estimates of their own behavior, and their views on the adequacy of their training in the U.S. Our findings add to the results of a physician survey done in the United Kingdom (U.K.) that also indicated that additional training on outpatient referral processes is needed [18]. A survey of 42 newly qualified physicians at a teaching hospital in the U.K. found that only 43% (11) 122 To make a referral, I use the electronic health record's referral order. ...

... Its main cause is to reduce the overload on hospitals. Nevertheless, many hospital consultation clinics are still overloaded with patients who could reach there without a referral (16). ...