Victor M. Yakovenko's research while affiliated with University of Maryland, College Park and other places

... A second major objective of our work is to demonstrate that it is possible to have a finite DC rectified current when the frequency of radiation lies within the optical gap of a material in the clean limit of small carrier relaxation rates. While examples of in-gap rectification have been discussed recently [29][30][31][32], other studies [32][33][34][35][36] have advocated for the impossibility of in-gap rectification in the limit of small relax- ation rates. 1 Hence, our second major objective is basically to try to dismantle this fundamental misconception, namely, we will demonstrate that there can be a net rectified DC current when the frequency of the driving oscillating electric field lies within the optical gap of the electronic band structure in the ideal limit of zero temperature and vanishingly small relaxation rates and to second order in the driving electric fields. By using a microscopically explicit model of an electronic system coupled to a heat bath, we will show that this possible for metallic systems with a Fermi surface and we will also discuss why this is consistent with the laws of thermodynamics. ...

... In recent years, a number of models has been proposed to account for the evolution of the distribution of wealth in a simple market economy. Among other approaches, kinetic market models are presently of particular interest, see e.g. the various contributions in the recent books [23, 18, 54, 55], or the introductory articles [42, 58]. The founding idea, dating back to the works of Mandelbrot [44], is that a trading market composed of a sufficiently large number of agents can be described using the laws of statistical mechanics, just like for a physical system composed of many interacting particles. ...

... As the time came to the end of the 20th century, it had been found that the income structure of market-economy countries around the world uniformly exhibited a twoclass pattern [16, [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31]: the great majority of populations obeyed an exponential distribution and the remaining (richest) part followed a Pareto distribution. Empirical evidence had covered more than 66 countries [16], ranging from Europe to Latin America, North America, and Asia. ...

... That leads to additional contributions to the energy shift besides the conventional SBS shift. A systematic derivation of the energy band renormalization in solids to the second order in E(t) was recently done in Ref. [6]. The paper identified a term that couples the Berry curvature Ω(k) of the electrons in a crystal and the helicity h of circularly polarized light. ...

... Both [8,20] scenarios are associated with a reduction in income inequality. However, as reported recently by [21], potential policy measures and economic consequences have not been addressed. ...

... Here, we introduce the Pand T -odd bilinear products 28,33,63,64 , ...

... Whereas most experiments on SmB 6 have employed bulk crystals, it has recently become possible to grow high-quality epitaxial thin films of SmB 6 via sputtering [21,51,52], thereby avoiding the myriad extrinsic concerns with bulk crystals and circumventing issues [53] in comparing previous results achieved via the different bulk crystal growth methods. By forming thin-film heterostuctures of SmB 6 with the isostructural BCS superconductor YB 6 , perfect Andreev reflection has been observed at the surface of sufficiently thin SmB 6 overlayers via pointcontact Andreev reflection (PCAR) spectroscopy [51]. ...

... Exponential and power-law distributions have been observed in social systems [16,17,21,22,24,25]. Generally, the power laws originate from the "rich get richer" process, whereas exponential distributions arise from random exchange or reciprocity [19,24]. ...

... In addition, preventing the oxidization