V.I. Shemonaev’s research while affiliated with Volgograd State Medical University and other places

Aims – to study the dynamics of postural balance indicators in the process of total reconstruction of dentition occlusion. Materials and methods. The prospective study included 48 patients receiving dental orthopedic treatment for pathology of hard dental tissues and partial absence of teeth. Monitoring of postural status was carried out according to stabilometric studies and photometry of the direction and angular values of deviations of the general center of gravity of the body, the centers of gravity of body regions and the lines of their boundaries. Results. Before treatment, the examined patients were characterized by a ventral shift in the general center of gravity (5,07±0,62º) and the center of gravity of the cervical spine (5,50±0,75º), a shift in the center of gravity of the lumbosacral spine to the right (5,92±0,59º), significant inclination of the biauricular (7,09±0,57º), biacromial (8,31±0,84º), superior bicondylar (8,73±0,75º) lines in the frontal plane and clavioscapular (8,08±1,03º), bispinal (8,50±0,69º) lines – in the sagittal plane, as well as a pronounced decrease relative to the known norms of the statokinesiogram area indicators (273,06±82,62 mm ² in test with eyes closed), the average position of the center of pressure in the frontal (–1,43±2,01 mm in the test with eyes closed) and sagittal (–36,94±7,39 mm and –28,17±4,48 mm in tests with open and closed eyes, respectively) axes. As the occlusal balance is restored using orthopedic dental methods, normalization of the values of all of the listed parameters has been recorded, with the exception of the angle of inclination of the upper bicondylar line. Conclusions. The angles of inclination of the pelvis and head in the frontal and sagittal planes, the asymmetry of the belt of the upper limbs and the range of fluctuations in the center of pressure of the feet along the sagittal and frontal axes are informative indicators of postural compensation for changes in the position of the lower jaw and disturbances in the occlusal balance of the dentition. To correct the corresponding posturological disorders, it is advisable to organize an interdisciplinary approach in the management of orthopedic dental patients with chiropractors, rehabilitation therapists, kinesiologists, and osteopaths.

The loss of natural teeth and, especially, the complete loss of teeth, is an urgent problem of domestic and foreign dentistry, in the solution of which a significant place is given to prosthetics with full removable plate dentures. To improve the fixation and stabilization of complete removable plate dentures, dentists often consider it appropriate to use adhesive agents, the use of which also gives the patient psychological confidence, ensuring the success of orthopedic dental treatment. The purpose of the literature analysis is to summarize and analyze the literature data for the period 2012-2023 on modern adhesive means for fixing complete removable plate prostheses, their composition, main characteristics and properties. The analysis of scientific articles allows us to come to the conclusion that it is advisable for dentists-orthopedists to recommend adhesive agents to their patients and assist them in selecting a fixing agent taking into account individual characteristics, which will improve the quality and effectiveness of dental treatment.

With the advent and introduction of composite materials into dental practice at the end of the 20th century, patients' requirements for the aesthetics of prostheses have increased dramatically. At about the same time, a new material appeared – zirconium dioxide, which has good aesthetic qualities, excellent strength characteristics, chemical stability and bio-inertia. However, for all its advantages, it also has a number of disadvantages, one of which is poor adhesion to fixing cements. To date, many methods have been proposed to improve the adhesion of prostheses made of zirconium dioxide, each of which has its own strengths and weaknesses. The purpose of this review is to analyze, compare and systematize existing methods and materials proposed to improve the adhesion of zirconium dioxide to fixing cements, as well as their evaluation to study current trends in surface conditioning methods with predictable results. Materials and methods. This study was conducted using the PubMed search engine. 42 articles were selected for the time period from 2016 to 2022. Search keywords: zirconia, zirconia adhesion, bond strength test. The articles used were selected according to the following criteria: publications in English, in vitro studies, studies with shear/tensile strength tests, systematic reviews. Only articles related to dentistry were considered. Conclusions. The selected literature describes many methods that enhance the adhesion of zirconium to fixing cements. However, their comparison and evaluation are difficult due to the authors' use of various tests and thermal cycling time. This is confirmed by our comparative evaluation of these methods according to criteria independent of each other. Currently, there is no generally accepted and standardized protocol for adhesive preparation of the surface of structures made of zirconium dioxide, which gives time-stable results. Additional research is needed.

The correct execution of teeth preparation for metal-ceramic crowns requires a certain range of dental bores, different in shape and cutting properties. However, according to a 2014 study, orthopedic dentists tend to use a reduced set of burs in their daily practice. The research material is the results of a survey of 59 orthopedic dentists of urban dental clinics, obtained by the questionnaire method. Data on the frequency of use of hogs of various shapes and grain size were obtained. There is an expansion of the range of tools used according to the criteria of grain size and shape. Despite this, there is a tendency to use a reduced set of dental burs and the prevalence of coarse-grained burs in its composition.

One of the main difficulties in the rehabilitation of patients with a complete absence of teeth using removable lamellar dentures is the problem of adaptation to dentures and the full restoration of chewing function. This is often associated with insufficient fixation and stabilization of the prosthesis due to unfavorable anatomical conditions of the prosthetic bed. Improving the fixation and stabilization of removable lamellar dentures in the complete absence of teeth is facilitated by the use of special fixing creams, the mechanism of action is to create a viscous adhesive film between the prosthesis and the mucous membrane of the prosthetic bed, which contributes to a tighter closure of the valve zone. A large number of creams for fixing prostheses are freely available and are in great demand. As part of a research project with grant support at Volgograd University, a new cream for this purpose has been developed. This study is a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of the use of new and already known creams for fixing prostheses and was carried out by assessing the course of the adaptation process.

The article presents the results of evaluating the effectiveness of "splint therapy" in patients with masticatory muscle hypertension according to the results of EMG and ultrasound. To achieve this goal, 62 patients aged 18 to 44 years with complaints of pain in the TMJ and masticatory muscles were examined. The examined persons were divided into two groups. The first group included 29 patients who underwent deprogramming of the masticatory muscles using a muscle relaxation splint made under conditions of habitual occlusion. The second group consisted of 33 patients who underwent a session of "TENS-therapy" using the "MYO-MONITOR J5" apparatus for deprogramming the masticatory muscles, followed by the manufacture of a muscle relaxation splint on the lower jaw. The evaluation of the treatment performed is fully possible to carry out electromyography of the temporal muscles and Dopplerography of the superficial temporal artery. According to the interference EMG study of patients in all groups, signs of hypertension of the masticatory muscles and asynchrony of their work were revealed. The analysis of the obtained results showed that after the manufacture of sports mouthguards in the first group, the favorable effect of the sports mouthguard is determined, which is expressed in a decrease in the amplitude of biopotentials, however, the asynchrony of muscle activity remains. In the second group, in the participants, the values of the amplitude of the biopotentials of the masticatory muscles were closer to normal values. The analysis of the obtained results showed that after the manufacture of sports mouth guards in the first group, the indicators of linear and volumetric blood flow velocity increased in the first and second groups, however, these indicators in the participants of the second group were close to normal. These techniques allow you to determine muscle tone at the beginning of treatment and over time, thereby helping to determine a more effective method of treatment. Thus, the materials of our study reflect the need to include electromyography and dopplerography in the treatment protocol for patients with TMJ dysfunction.

Objective: To carry out a comparative analysis of the accuracy of the adherence of tooth-supported cast and milled cobalt chrome alloy frameworks in the shoulder area depending on the length of the prostheses. Methods: For the clinical trial 314 patients who needed metal-ceramic fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) were recruited. Metal frameworks of prostheses were made with conventional lost-wax technique (CLW) and computer aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM). To assess the accuracy of the adhesion of the frameworks to the ledges of the prepared teeth stumps, the silicon film between the abutment teeth and inner surface of crowns was obtained, cut into 8 pieces and measured in the shoulder area. The marginal gaps were measured using ImageJ2 application from digital photos obtained with calibrated digital microscope (250×). The data obtained were analyzed using the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis H-test and Mann- Whitney U-test. Results: The average values of the marginal gap in the CLW group ranged from 71.9±7.6 μm in single and double crowns to 117±3.7 μm in prostheses with a length of 7-8 units. With a corresponding increase in the length of the prostheses, the average values of the marginal gap in the CAD/CAM group were from 67.1±6.8 μm to 90.8±8.3 μm. Differences in marginal clearance parameters between all groups were statistically significant (p

The aim of this work is to study the advantages and disadvantages of existing chewing tests and to justify the development necessity of a new chewing test. Dynamic chewing tests can serve as a good diagnostic method to assess the quality of dental treatment. Two main groups of chewing efficiency evaluating methods can be distinguished among the existing chewing tests. These are methods conducting in accordance to the crushing degree of the solid test material and to the mixing degree of the two-color plastic test material. However, existing chewing tests are not widely used among practicing dentists as a diagnostic methods, which is caused by their complexity and duration, the negative properties of the proposed test materials. It explains the need to develop a new chewing test. According to the review of existing chewing tests, an evaluating method based on a color analysis of mixing a two-color plastic test materials currently more promising. In addition, the advantage of these methods is the high prevalence of automated results assessment. However, the automation of this process has not reached the required level for quick use in the dental office. Thus, the development of a new chewing test should be aimed at a more suitable test material selection and a simpler and more advanced automated evaluating method development.

The article presents the data of a complex dental and neurophysiological examination of young people with parafunctional activity of the masticatory muscles (bruxism). The effectiveness of stress-protective lateral heterosuggestion technique in the etiological and pathogenetic correction of bruxism and the possibility of its use in dental practice have been proven.