V R Ferris's research while affiliated with Purdue University and other places
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Publications (92)
In the summer of 2016, a field of corn (Zea mays) in Spencer County, Indiana was observed with heavily stunted plants, and from the
affected roots a large number of cysts were recovered. Soil samples
were submitted to one of us (JF), who extracted the nematode cysts
and sent them to the USDA-ARS, Mycology and Nematology Genetic Diversity and Biolog...
In the summer of 2016, a field of corn (Zea mays) in Spencer County, Indiana was observed with heavily stunted plants. From the affected roots, a large number of cysts were recovered. Spencer county's geographic location is just across the Ohio River from Kentucky, approximately 200 miles away from Hickman County, Kentucky, where the nematode was p...
We hypothesized that the evolutionary stability of insect traits relevant to invasion risk can be used to characterize this risk and the confidence in assigning potential invasiveness. Different longhorned beetle species have biological trait combinations (diet breadth, host tree condition and adult feeding) that predispose them to different degree...
Sternidius alpha (Say) was previously recognized as having several subspecies that were subsequently synonymized. We examined two variants of S. alpha that seem to be morphologically similar except for their color. Specimens of S. alpha collected in Indiana show two different common color patterns depending on the locality. DNA was extracted from 1...
Certain winter annual weeds have been documented as alternative hosts to soybean cyst nematode (SCN), and infestations by such species are common in no-till production fields in the midwestern United States of Indiana, Ohio, and Illinois. The objective of this research was to determine the influence of crop rotation and winter annual weed managemen...
Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and Bursaphelenchus mucronatus are migratory endoparasitic nematodes that live in pine trees. To gain insight into their molecular similarities and differences, transcriptomes of the two nematodes were analysed. A total of 23,765 and 21,782 contigs (>300 bp) were obtained from B. xylophilus and B. mucronatus, respectively...
1 The sustainable use of forest resources requires an understanding of the influence of site conditions and forest health on both pest species and those species providing ecosystem services such as pollination and decomposition. 2 The beetle family Cerambycidae is diverse and contains both pest and nonpest species, with many species performing such...
Monochamus species damage conifer trees. Some of them have further economic significance as vectors of the pinewood nematode, which causes pine wilt disease. Some species of Monochamus are difficult to distinguish using morphology. The cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene (COI) of mitochondrial DNA is usually taken as a good marker for species identif...
The tribe Acanthocinini in the family Cerambycidae (Order Coleoptera) has many cryptic-colored species. The majority of these insects that are found in Indiana are dead wood feeders, serving the important function of recycling nutrients in forest ecosystems. We have caught about 20 species belonging to this tribe in Indiana. For each of these speci...
B. xylophilus miRNA families, with the corresponding known miRNAs of the same seed motifs in other animals.
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Details of 57 experimentally verified miRNAs and their precursors of B. xylophilus.
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List of predicted miRNA targets in the 3′UTRs of known B. xylophilus genes.
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The predicted hairpin structures of 53 miRNA precursors. Mature miRNAs are colored in green. All the hairpin structures were predicted with Mfold.
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List of predicted miRNA targets in B. xylophilus ESTs.
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Details of predicted 49 conserved B. xylophilus miRNA candidates.
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Alignments of small RNA sequences matched to the 57 verified miRNA precursors in each small RNA library.
(0.48 MB XLS)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are considered to be very important in regulating the growth, development, behavior and stress response in animals and plants in post-transcriptional gene regulation. Pinewood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, is an important invasive plant parasitic nematode in Asia. To have a comprehensive knowledge about miRNAs of the nema...
List of Primers for RT-qPCR.
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List of PCR primers for miRNA precursors.
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Details of predicted 761 novel B. xylophilus miRNA candidates.
(0.26 MB XLS)
Soybean cyst nematode (SCN) is one of the most yield limiting pathogens in U.S. soybean production. Henbit and purple deadnettle are winter annual weeds shown to facilitate SCN reproduction after crop harvest in the eastern Corn Belt. These weeds, along with volunteer soybean that germinates in autumn after harvest, are common to postharvest soybea...
Data were collected 2006 through 2008 from 527 soil samples to determine the current effectiveness of PI 88788 and other sources of Heterodera glycines resistance in three geographically separated areas of soybean production: Tennessee and Indiana/Illinois, USA, and Ontario, Canada. In Tennessee where PI 88788 source of resistance has been used sin...
The family Cerambycidae (long horned beetles) is an important and diverse group of phytophagous insects. Some of these beetles are serious pests of the timber industry, whereas many others fill important roles in balanced ecosystems as deadwood decomposers, pollinators, and food sources. We sequenced DNA for part of the cytochrome oxidase I gene fr...
Certain winter annual weeds have been documented as alternative hosts to soybean cyst nematode (SCN), and infestations of such species have become common in no-till production fields in the Midwest. This research was conducted to determine the influence of herbicide- and cover-crop-based winter annual weed management systems and crop rotation on wi...
A greenhouse study was conducted to determine the effect of henbit and purple deadnettle density on weed biomass accumulation and soybean cyst nematode (SCN) reproduction. SCN did not impact shoot or root dry weight of purple deadnettle, henbit, or soybean. Foliar and root biomass of henbit and purple deadnettle were comparable but the biomass per...
A survey of seven production fields in Indiana, Illinois, and Ohio was conducted to assess henbit and purple deadnettle growth and soybean cyst nematode (SCN) development and reproduction on these weeds. Autumn and spring growth of purple deadnettle and henbit was influenced by location within each state. In general, winter annual weeds were larger...
Growers and certified crop advisors (CCAs) across Indiana were surveyed during the winter of 2003 to 2004 to assess their perceptions about soybean cyst nematode (SCN) and use of SCN management practices. Most farmers (57%) and CCAs (72%) surveyed reported a moderate to high level of concern regarding SCN and its potential impact on soybean yield....
Partial 18s rDNA sequences from 22 exemplar mayfly species (Ephemeroptera) representing 20 families were analyzed to obtain a best phylogenetic tree for comparison to previous phylogenetic hypotheses. With respect to relationships among the three major groupings, our molecular data support the hypothesis that Pisciforma and Setisura comprise a mono...
We used mitochondrial 16S ribosomal DNA (16S rDNA) and microsatellites to study genetic diversity and population structure of the gray sunflower seed weevil, Smicronyx sordidus LeConte (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). A 400-bp fragment of mitochondrial 16S rDNA was amplified and sequenced from weevils collected from 20 geographic populations. Thirty-th...
The red sunflower seed weevil, Smicronyx fulvus LeConte, and gray sunflower seed weevil, Smicronyx sordidus LeConte (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), are among the most important seed pests of cultivated sunflowers, Helianthus annuus L., in the northern Great Plains. A portion of 18S ribosomal DNA (18S rDNA) sequence from specimens of 31 populations of...
Phylogenetic systematics is based on genealogy, rather than overall similarity, and a cladogram constitutes a potentially falsifiable hypothesis that can bring a new perspective to our understanding of the distribution and biogeography of a group of organisms. Sufficient data now exist for phylogenetic analysis of the Heteroderidae. New data at new...
Faghihi, J., R. A. Vierling, J. B. Santini, and V. R. Ferris. 2007. Effects of selected fungicides on devel- opment of soybean cyst nematode. Nematropica 37:259-265. Greenhouse screening of soybean seedlings with soybean cyst nematodes takes several months and results can be confounded by fungal infection of the seedlings. Rhizoctonia solani was fo...
A new mayfly species, Heptagenia whitingi Webb & McCafferty n.sp. is described from larvae, a male subimago, a female adult, and eggs collected from large rivers in the west-central portion of North America. Larvae are differentiated from other North American Heptagenia Walsh by a pair of large, rectangular pale markings on abdominal tergum 4, and...
The phylogenetic relationships of the Comesomatidae have remained unresolved at the family level because they have diagnostic morphological features of both the Monhysterida and the Chromadorida. A comparison of the partial sequence of 18S rDNA from representative taxa of Comesomatidae and of morphological data, analyzed in conjunction with molecul...
The soybean cyst nematode Heterodera glycines (SCN) is of major economic importance and widely distributed throughout soybean production regions of the United States where different maturity groups with the same sources of SCN resistance are grown. The objective of this study was to assess SCN-resistant and -susceptible soybean yield responses in i...
The taxonomy and phylogenetic relationships of fish trypanosomes are uncertain. A collection of 22 cloned trypanosome isolates from 14 species of European freshwater fish and 1 species of African freshwater fish were examined by molecular phylogenetic analysis. The small subunit ribosomal RNA (ssu rRNA) genes of 8 clones were sequenced and compared...
Evolutionary relationships among cyst nematodes based on predicted ss-tubulin amino acid and DNA sequence data were compared with phylogenies inferred from ribosomal DNA (ITS1, 5.8S gene, ITS2). The ss-tubulin amino acid data were highly conserved and not useful for phylogenetic inference at the taxonomic level of genus and species. Phylogenetic tr...
In a study of relationships among selected cyst-forming and noncyst-forming species of Heteroderoidea, combined sequences comprised of DNA from part of the conserved 18S ribosomal RNA gene (rDNA) plus the complete ITS rDNA segment were more similar to analyses based on the ITS data alone than to analyses based on the 18S data alone. One of the two...
Evolutionary relationships based on ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequence data for a previously unknown species of Globodera from Portugal, Punctodera chalcoensis from Mexico, and P. punctata from Estonia, plus previously published sequences, support the following relationships: (((Cactodera weissi, G. artemisiae, C. milleri), ((G. sp. Bouro, G. sp. Canha,...
Phylogenetic analysis of new ribosomal DNA (rDNA) data for Heterodera mediterranea, H. hordecalis, H. carotae, and H. fici from Italy and H. ciceri from Syria, along with published data for other species, showed high bootstrap support for the following relationships: (((((H. carotae H. cruciferae) H. goettingiana) (((H. trifolii H. ciceri) H. medit...
Globodera millefolii and G. artemisiae are interesting because their type localities (Estonia and Russia, respectively) are geographically distant from those of the potato cyst nematodes and other Globodera species that seem to have originated in the Western world, and because the type host for each is a member of Compositae rather than Solanaceae....
Nematology is a taxon-based science, and a correct understanding of species and their relationships is basic to all nematological research. Modern methods of systematic analysis have reshaped issues concerning species recognition.
Ribosomal DNA (ITS rDNA) sequence data for two geographically separated isolates of Heterodera filipjevi from Russia were identical, and were 99.7% similar to rDNA sequence from Swedish East and West Gotland strains of H. avenae. These data are consistent with the view that the 'Gotland strain' of H. avenae and H. filipjevi are conspecific. The ITS...
The recent history, current status, and outlook for understanding the phylogeny and evolutionary relationships of the cyst nematodes as a group comprise the focus of this chapter. Arguments about taxonomic features and taxonomic nomenclature will be discussed only insofar as they are necessary to an understanding of broader issues of phylogeny and...
Soybean cyst nematode (SCN) is a major soybean yield-limiting pest. The present study was conducted to map broad-based SCN resistance loci from the cultivar 'Hartwig'. Two-hundred F2∶3 lines derived from the cross 'Williams 82' x 'Hartwig' were screened with a fourth-generation SCN inbred and 56 polymorphic molecular markers. Allele states and phen...
En vue de reconnaître la virulence de certaines souches du nématode à kystes du soja envers des cultivars résistants de soja, il a été procédé à une évaluation des potentialités de discrimination de tests "dot-blot", après amplification de l'ADN par RAPD. Une amorce de RAPD sépare deux souches du nématode du nord de l'Indiana ayant des niveaux comp...
The number of resistance genes in soybean to soybean cyst nematode (SCN) Heterodera glycines was estimated using progeny from a cross of 'Williams 82' x 'Hartwig' (derived from 'Forrest'(3) x PI 437.654) screened with a fourth-generation inbred nematode line derived from a race 3 field population of SCN. Numbers of females developing on roots of in...
Ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequence data were compared for five species of Globodera, including G. rostochiensis, G. pallida, G. virginiae, and two undescribed Globodera isolates from Mexico collected from weed species and maintained on Solanum dulcamara. The rDNA comparisons included both internal transcribed spacers (ITS1 and ITS2), the 5.8S rRNA gene,...
Six geographic isolates of Heterodera avenae, including two isolates each from Sweden, Australia, and the United States, were compared on the basis of 2-D PAGE protein patterns and the complete DNA sequence for the two internal transcribed ribosomal DNA spacers (rDNA ITS1 and ITS2) and the 5.8S rRNA gene. The protein pattern data and rDNA ITS seque...
Ecologists are concerned with population dynamics of organisms and with the spatial patterns of single or multiple populations. The goal of the ecologist is usually to explain the observed patterns in terms of processes. Field samples of nematodes from different habitats may contain similar but not identical specimens of a nominal taxon, and the sy...
Data from two-dimensional protein patterns for nine dorylaimid isolates were analyzed using PAUP, a computer program for inferring phylogenies under the principle of maximum parsimony. With a variety of available options, including branch swapping and rooting, essentially the same tree was obtained. When isolates of the genus Labronema were analyze...
Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic patterns of proteins for two isolates of Labronema from Indiana were nearly identical to the pattern for L. vulvapapillatum from Europe. The pattern for a nominal isolate of L. pacificum from Florida was very different from the patterns of nominal L. pacificum isolates from Hawaii and Fiji (which h...
Protein patterns obtained by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis for three isolates of Heterodera glycines from southern Indiana appear qualitatively similar and have higher pairwise Jaccard similarity coefficients with each other than with isolates from northern Indiana. Three isolates from three northern counties share proteins not...
Four of five geographical isolates of Heterodera glycines from Indiana classified as Race 3 using standard differentials showed many differences when classified using another group of differentials comprised of five soybean breeding lines and cultivars. Two isolates from northern Indiana produced cysts on more of the differentials tested than did t...
Although much morphometric overlap occurs among five geographical isolates of Heterodera glycines in Indiana, significant differences in means exist among the isolates for various comparisons of second-stage juveniles. By using combinations of means, most of the isolates can be distinguished from the rest: e.g., the Vanderburgh County isolate (sout...
Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic protein patterns of H. glycines from southern Indiana (Posey County) and northern Indiana (Pulaski County) were largely similar, but many differences existed. The pattern of the Posey isolate was similar to patterns from isolates collected in other areas of the United States. Unique dense protein s...
Biogeography is the study of distributions of organisms, plus an attempt to explain the distributions. Two approaches to explanation of biogeographic patterns may be termed ecological biogeography and historical biogeography. Most nematologists have taken the ecological approach, with a goal of determining why a particular species is restricted to...
Examination of dispersional characteristics of Pratylenchus scribneri and Hoplolaimus galeatus indicated that there were patches within soybean fields in which both survival and reproduction wexe enhanced in spite of apparent homogeneity of soil type and topography. Treatment with carbofuran reduced the patchiness (or increased the dispersion) for...
Of eight corn inbreds tested in the greenhouse and field, three (H60, H95, and H84) supported lower populations of Pratylenchus hexincisus than other inbreds included in this study. No apparent differences existed among inbreds in nematode invasion or development in the roots, or in population structure. Differences in population were therefore att...
Leptonchoid species found in soil samples taken in lowland and mid-elevation seasonal forests at four locations in Panama were as follows: Sclerostylus karri n. gen., n. sp., Basirotyleptus saccatus n. sp., B. nemoralis, B. acus, B. penetrans, Doryllium neotropicum n. sp., D. minor, Tyleptus gymnochilus, Gerthus jamesi, Dorylaimoides micoletzkyi, a...
Cladistic analysis of free-living soil nematodes of the Leptonchoidea (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) resulted in groupings different from those obtained by traditional methods. We can interpret distributions of species groups obtained by phyletic analysis in relation to plate tectonic events. Similar techniques are applicable to plant parasitic nematodes....
Proleptonchoides southindiae n. gen., n. sp. (Dorylaimida: Leptonchidae), is described from soil around false tobacco (Lobelia excelsa) and cardamom (Elettaria cardamomurn) in South India. P. southindiae is prodelphic, has a short constricted esophageal bulb and flanged odontophore, and is phylogenetically close to Proleptonchus.
In this first biogeographical synthesis based on the morphology and known distribution of a group of free-living soil nematodes, data indicate a pre-Jurassic origin followed by West Gondwanaland radiation for some genera and Laurasian radiation for others.
Funaria maryanneae n. sp., distinguished by its large size and long prerectum, is described from specimens collected in Bad Sooden, Germany, D. B. R. This nematode was collected also from Fräkmüntegg (Mt. Pilatus), Switzerland. Proleptonchus weischeri n. sp., with short hemispheroid female tail and relatively anterior vulva, is described from speci...
In a consideration of nematode and plant inter-relationships, five nematode trophic groups must be considered: microbivores, fungivores, parasites of higher plants, predators, and omnivores. In uncultivated areas, such as deciduous forests, many species of nematodes are likely to be present (often 100 to 200 species in temperate areas) with the tro...
Nematode communities of 18 Indiana mixed hardwood stands were comprised of an average of 23% tylenchid species, 31% dorylaimid species, and 46% species of six other orders. Based on total numbers of individuals present the stands averaged 42% tylenchids, 20% dorylaimids, and 38% individuals of other orders. Ordination of the sites using data only f...
Intersite relationships among nematode communities of 18 Indiana mixed hardwood stands of varying composition, soils, physiography and past management practices were determined by community ordination techniques. All sites were sampled in April, July and October of 1968 and 1969, and ordinations were based on the number of individuals of each nemat...
Associations among nematode communities were studied in 18 Indiana mixed-hardwood stands of varying composition, soils, physiography, and past management practices. All sites were sampled in April, July, and October of 1968 and 1969. A total of 175 species representing eight orders were found, with 18 species occurring in all 18 sites, and approxim...
Comparisons of plant parasitic nematode populations using a resemblance equation and community ordination showed that community structure tends to be similar on dark-colored, highly productive soybean soils throughout Indiana and Illinois. On lighter-colored soils community structures differed somewhat from those of darker soils and from each other...
The effect of soil type on population densities of plant parasitic nematode species in 17 field blocks of four different soil types rotated to corn, soybeans, wheat, and forage mixtures was investigated during a generally droughty 5-year period. High densities of Helicotylenchus pseudorobustus were found in dark silty clay loams. Highest densities...
The influence of rotation crop species on population densities of ectoparasitic nematode species common to soybean and corn fields of the North-Central region of the USA was studied for 5 years in 16 field blocks rotated to corn, soybeans, oats, wheat, and forage mixtures. Each block was sampled each year between mid-July and mid-August. High popul...
Citations
... Cyst nematodes found in this survey were likely soybean cyst nematode (SCN, Heterodera glycines). Although several species of cyst nematodes are found on common weed hosts in the Midwest, SCN is extremely common on soybean in Illinois (Bernard et al. 2010;Graney and Bird 1990;Skantar et al. 2020;Tylka and Marett 2017). SCN cysts produced in previous soybean growing years may have been recovered during our survey. ...
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... Recently, molecular methods such as random amplification of polymorphic DNA and analysis of the ribosomal DNA sequences have been effectively applied to taxonomic issues involving fish trypanosomes (Figueroa et al. 1999;Davies et al. 2005;Gibson et al. 2005;Karlsbakk and Nylund 2006;Gu et al. 2007). Especially, the use of SSU rRNA gene sequences in combination with morphological data greatly promotes the correct species identification and infers phylogenetic relationships within fish trypanosomes (Davies et al. 2005;Karlsbakk and Nylund 2006;Gu et al. 2007). ...
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... PI 88788 is the most widely used source of SCN resistance and is in the majority of commercially available cultivars (Concibido et al. 2004;Faghihi et al. 2008;Tylka and Mullaney 2015). However, the continuous use of PI 88788 has led to a genetic shift in virulence of the SCN populations and SCN reproduction on PI 88788 is increasing (Acharya et al. 2016;Faghihi et al. 2008;Hershman et al. 2008;Mitchum et al. 2007;Rzodkiewicz 2010;Wise et al. 2016;Zheng et al. 2006). Soybean cyst nematode populations can be characterized by their reproduction on soybean indicator lines with different sources of SCN resistance, to designate SCN populations to HG (H. ...
... Aseminae had been considered a separate subfamily from Spondylidinae by Linsley (1962), Gressitt et al. (1970), Nakamura (1981), Napp (1994), and Wang & Leschen (2003). However, this assumption has neither been supported by larval morphology (Duffy 1953;Švácha & Danilevsky 1987) nor by molecular phylogenetic studies (Sýkorová 2008;Raje et al. 2016); furthermore, it has been rejected by Bouchard et al. (2011), Monné (2012 and Monné et al. (2017). Sýkorová (2008) supported the separation of the saphanine branch from the spondylidine branch. ...
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... Moreover, their high abundance and diversity usually provide a more robust database than those from other larger-sized organisms, facilitating biomonitoring studies (Heip et al. 1985;Bongers and Van de Haar 1990). Hence, nematodes are potential bioindicators for assessments of ecosystem status, including disturbances in benthic ecosystems caused by both natural and anthropogenic factors (Ferris and Ferris 1979;Coull and Palmer 1984;Coull and Chandler 1992;Bongers and Ferris 1999;Ngo et al. 2016). Studying of anthropogenic effects on nematode communities have been approached based on measurements of abundances and functional diversities such as Shannon index (Shannon 1948), Simpson diversity index (Pielou 1977), and trophic diversity (Heip et al. 1985). ...
... The synonymisation of the genera Longidoroides and Siddiqia with Paralongidorus as proposed by Escuar and Arias (1997) will be followed in this chapter. Although cladistics and molecular phylogenies were and are being used in the understanding of relationships between members of the Heteroderidae, no clear results have been reached (Ferris 1998). Consequently the classification of the Heteroderidae as proposed in Kleynhans et al. (1996) will be used. ...
Reference: Nematode Morphology and Classification