V. G. Krivoshapkin’s research while affiliated with North-Eastern Federal University and other places

Objective: Inrtroduction: The epidemiological situation for hepatitis D has changed significantly. Reduced population authors infection due to a sharp decline in hospitalizations from Central Asia regions, the Caucasus and Moldova, which are known to be endemic for hepatitis D. Currently, the incidence of chronic hepatitis D (HGD) in Russia is 1%, while in the countries of Central Asia, and in particular in Turkmenistan, the share of HGD among chronic viral hepatitis is 8%. The aim of research was to establish the clinical features, depending on the activity of the replication of hepatitis viruses B and D. Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: We studied 26 patients with viral hepatitis D with a determined activity replicative virus by PCR (polymerase chain reaction). The age of patients ranged from 28 to 78 years. The patients performed the ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) study for the presence of markers of parenteral viral hepatitis (HBsAg, a-HCV and a-HDV), the standard general clinical biochemical blood tests. of the instrumental methods survey used ultrasonography (ultrasound), EGD (fibrogastroduodenoscopy). Grading the severity of liver cirrhosis established by Child-Pugh (eng. Child-Pugh, Child-Turcotte, Child-Turcotte-Pugh, sometimes Child-Paquet) is designed to assess the severity of cirrhosis. The severity of liver cirrhosis is assessed on a point system, which are calculated from 5 or 6 parameters. Results: Results: It is established that most HGD more prevalent among young people bodied (69%) and occurs mainly in severe symptoms and portal hypertension leading to the rapid development of liver cirrhosis (53%). It showed that hyperenzymemia reaches high levels of ALT to 1715 U / L. with a high viral DNA load virus (HBV) 2648226,0 ± 953892,7 copies / ml in the presence of an RNA virus D (HDV +). Conclusion: Conclusion: Thus, the main feature of chronic hepatitis D is its predominant tsirrogennost.

Objective: Inrtroduction: The epidemiological situation for hepatitis D has changed significantly. Reduced population authors infection due to a sharp decline in hospitalizations from Central Asia regions, the Caucasus and Moldova, which are known to be endemic for hepatitis D. Currently, the incidence of chronic hepatitis D (HGD) in Russia is 1%, while in the countries of Central Asia, and in particular in Turkmenistan, the share of HGD among chronic viral hepatitis is 8%. The aim of research was to establish the clinical features, depending on the activity of the replication of hepatitis viruses B and D. Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: We studied 26 patients with viral hepatitis D with a determined activity replicative virus by PCR (polymerase chain reaction). The age of patients ranged from 28 to 78 years. The patients performed the ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) study for the presence of markers of parenteral viral hepatitis (HBsAg, a-HCV and a-HDV), the standard general clinical biochemical blood tests. of the instrumental methods survey used ultrasonography (ultrasound), EGD (fibrogastroduodenoscopy). Grading the severity of liver cirrhosis established by Child-Pugh (eng. Child-Pugh, Child-Turcotte, Child-Turcotte-Pugh, sometimes Child-Paquet) is designed to assess the severity of cirrhosis. The severity of liver cirrhosis is assessed on a point system, which are calculated from 5 or 6 parameters. Results: Results: It is established that most HGD more prevalent among young people bodied (69%) and occurs mainly in severe symptoms and portal hypertension leading to the rapid development of liver cirrhosis (53%). It showed that hyperenzymemia reaches high levels of ALT to 1715 U / L. with a high viral DNA load virus (HBV) 2648226,0 ± 953892,7 copies / ml in the presence of an RNA virus D (HDV +). Conclusion: Conclusion: Thus, the main feature of chronic hepatitis D is its predominant tsirrogennost.

Introduction: By results of a single-step epidemiological research indicators of a lipid range at 355 Evenks of the Olenyoksky District of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) are estimated. The aim of this research was assessment of lipid exchange and character of a delivery of Evenks of the item of Zhilinda. Material and methods: 355 evenks aged over 20 years (170 men, women-185). Total cholesterol (OCHS), cholesterol (low-density lipoproteins (LDL-CHOLESTEROL), highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol ((XC-LVNP), triglycerides (TG), the calculated coefficient of haemoglobin (Ka). The measurement is taken at biochemical autoanalyzer Architest 80000 model Systems, firm Abbot (United States) generally accepted method. Food has been studied using questionnaire CYNDI. Results of the Lipid profile compared to the Evenks of Yakut and Russian population of the Republic's population has a high concentration of CS LPHD, low content of TG and haemoglobin index. Food Evenks is characterized by significant disbalance-¼ surveyed every day consume meat and fish every day consumes but 1/5 surveyed. the shortage of basic products is replaced with bread, pasta and sweets. Conclusion: The identified indicators of lipid range Evenks have more healthy than the Yakut. Nutrition Evenks departs from the traditional protein-lipid in carbohydrate-protein.

Objectives: Adipose tissue hypoxia appears to play a role in promoting chronic inflammation and the development of obesity-related cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, yet the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. The aim of the present research is to examine whether adiponectin levels (an adipocyte-derived hormone with anti-inflammatory properties) are inversely correlated with hemoglobin levels in an indigenous Siberian population. Methods: The study was conducted among 252 Yakut adults (≥18 years; 135 females) from Berdygestiakh, Sakha Republic, Russia. Measurements included anthropometric dimensions (body mass index [BMI], waist circumference [WC], and percent body fat) and blood levels of hemoglobin and adiponectin. Results: Yakut females had higher adiponectin concentrations than males (15.1 ± 9.8 vs. 11.7 ± 10.6 µg/ml; P < 0.001), whereas males had higher hemoglobin levels (14.4 ± 1.4 vs. 12.6 ± 1.5 g/dL; P < 0.001). Body composition measures in both sexes were negatively associated with adiponectin and positively associated with hemoglobin. After adjusting for central adiposity and smoking, adiponectin levels were negatively correlated with hemoglobin levels in men (P < 0.05), but not in women (P = 0.511). Conclusions: This investigation provides some support for the involvement of hypoxia-related dysregulation of adiponectin associated with obesity and potentially cardiovascular disease. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

The purpose of this study was to identify the characteristics of systolic dysfunction and the formation of chronic pulmonary heart disease in patients with COPD living in the central zone of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). This article describes the echocardiographic indices of systolic dysfunction of the heart in 229 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). According to our data, severe decompensation of chronic pulmonary heart disease with symptoms of heart failure of right ventricular type in most cases combined with severe left ventricle systolic dysfunction, not related to the primary pathology of the left heart and leading to a further decline in the quality of life of patients and increase in the risk of fatal diseases.

Objectives To investigate whether having multiple risk factors for cardio-metabolic disease is associated with objectively measured physical activity or sedentary behavior within a sample of Yakut (Sakha) of Siberia.Methods This cross sectional study involved 63 Yakut adults (32 men) who were measured for cardio-metabolic risk factors. Free living physical activity and sedentary behavior were calculated from waist accelerometry. Correlations and t-tests were used to assess the relationship between moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), sedentary behavior (SB), and individual risk factors and clustering of risk factors.ResultsThese Yakut were physically active, with 54.4% spending at least 30 min in MVPA, with men being more active than women and women having less favorable cardio-metabolic profiles. These Yakut spent about 7.5 h in SB a day. SB was not related to cardio-metabolic risk factors. MVPA was significantly and negatively related to waist circumference and risk factor clustering in men and the total sample. MVPA was not related to women's risk factors.Conclusions Objectively measured physical activity was related to lower risk of cardio-metabolic risk factor clustering within this sample of Yakut men, but not women. SB was not related to cardio-metabolic indicators. Physical activity may contribute to a reduction in clustering of metabolic risk factors within indigenous circumpolar populations. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Objectives: Previous research has shown that indigenous circumpolar populations have elevated basal metabolic rates (BMRs), yet few studies have explored whether metabolic rates increase during the winter. This study addresses this gap by examining seasonal variation in BMR and its associations with thyroid function and lifestyle factors among the Yakut (Sakha) of Siberia. Methods: Anthropometric dimensions, BMR, and thyroid hormone levels (free triiodothyronine [fT3], free thyroxine [fT4], thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH]) were measured on two occasions (July/August, 2009 and January 2011) on a sample of 94 Yakut (Sakha) adults (35 men, 59 women) from the rural village of Berdygestiakh, Sakha Republic, Russia. Results: Seasonal changes in BMR varied by age. Younger Yakut adults (19-49 years) showed significant elevations in winter-time BMR of 6% (P < 0.05), whereas older individuals (≥50 years) showed modest declines (2%; n.s.). Both younger and older Yakut men and women showed increased respiratory quotients during the winter. FT3 and fT4 levels significantly declined during the winter in both younger and older Yakut men and women (P < 0.05). Lifestyle factors were significant predictors of BMR variation, particularly among older men and women. Conclusions: Among the Yakut, increased wintertime BMR was observed among younger but not older adults, whereas all adults showed sharp reductions in free thyroid hormone levels during the winter. Among men, greater participation in subsistence activities was associated with increased BMRs and greater fat oxidation. Among women, variation in food use had the strongest impact on metabolic function.

Introduction: Over the last generation, urbanizing populations throughout the world have experienced dramatic increases in rates of obesity and related metabolic diseases. Yet, few studies have explored whether changes in sleep may be an important axis through which lifestyle changes influence energy balance and obesity risks. This study examines these questions in an urbanizing indigenous population of the Siberian arctic that experiences extreme seasonal shifts in daylight. Methods: Data collection took place in a rural village in the Sakha Republic/ Yakutia, Russia in autumn (day length 13.5-13.0 hours). Indigenous Siberian (Yakut) adults (n=184, 52 men; mean age 51.5, SD 14.7 years) were interviewed to assess sleep habits (sleep quality, daytime sleepiness, sleep disruptions, snoring) and underwent anthropometric measures (height, weight, body mass index [BMI], waist circumference [WC], percentage body fat [pctfat]). Sleep variables were reduced to binary categories and compared against continuous anthropometric variables using logistic regressions, controlling for sex and age. Results: Poor sleep quality and daytime sleepiness were both reported by 19% of the participants. Snoring was prevalent (42.9%) within this sample, with no sex differences found. Sleep disruptions were common, with 45% of participants reporting waking up two or more times per night and 32% getting out of bed two or more times per night. Mean BMI, WC and pctfat for this sample were: 25.5 kg/m2 (SD 4.5), 92.4 cm (SD 12.5), and 39.4% (SD 9.1), respectively. No anthropometric variable was significantly associated with daytime sleepiness. Pctfat was significantly and positively related to snoring, but not to other sleep variables. Snoring and sleep disruptions (times waking and times getting out of bed) were associated with significantly higher average weight, BMI and WC. Conclusion: Among the Yakut adults, body mass and fatness are significantly related to snoring and sleep disruptions, but not to subjective sleep quality or excessive daytime sleepiness.