Ushie’s scientific contributions

This study sought to ascertain whether variations in financial leverage significantly affect financial performance of quoted industrial goods firms in Nigeria. The specific objectives of the study are: i. to determine the effects of debt-to-equity ratio on stock returns of quoted industrial goods firms in Nigeria. ii. to assess the effect of long-term debt ratio on stock returns of quoted industrial goods firms in Nigeria. In line with the above objectives, the following null hypotheses were formulated. Ho 1 : There is no significant effect of debt-to-equity ratio on financial performance proxy by stock returns of quoted industrial goods firms in Nigeria. Ho 2 : There is no significant effect of long term debt ratio on financial performance proxy by stock returns of quoted industrial goods firms in Nigeria. The study analyzed data from financial statement of 14 (fourteen) quoted industrial goods firms in Nigeria covering the period 2010-2022. The following findings were made: i. The is a significant but negative relationship between debt-to-equity ratio and cash value added of quoted industrial goods firms in Nigeria at 5% level of significance. ii. The is a significant but negative relationship between long-term debt ratio and cash value added of industrial goods firms in Nigeria at 5% level of significance. The following recommendations were made: i. In an attempt to reverse the negative relationship between debt-to-equity ratio and cash value added, firms need to look more closely at the company's ability to pay its debts obligations by managing the use of assets and cash flows to reduce the firms risk of loss from not paying a liability on time.. ii. In order to reverse the negative relationship between Long term debt ratio and cash value added, industrial goods firms should employ financing mix that can improve their earning per share, market capitalization and enhance the value of the firm for the benefit of the shareholders.

This study evaluated the effect of debt management on economic growth in Nigeria. Ex-post facto research design was adopted for the study. Data were collected from secondary sources. A regression model was adopted for the analysis. The population of the study was three hundred and fifty (352) respondents from debt management office Abuja. The sample size for the study was one hundred and fifty (150) respondents that were selected from various departments of the debt management office. The study revealed that foreign debt has a positive and significant effect on the economic growth in Nigeria. Domestic debt was equally found to have a positive and significant effect on the economic growth of Nigeria. Total debt has a positive effect on the economic growth in Nigeria. The study concluded that debt management is an important factor on the economic growth of developing nations like Nigeria. It was recommended that financial experts, policy makers, and Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) should integrate suitable as well as appropriate measures towards ensuring effective management of domestic debts in order to enhance gross domestic product as well as the economic growth of Nigeria. That the Nigerian government should put in place more management techniques and restriction on access to external or foreign debt as most of the external debt cannot be accounted for in the infrastructural projects claimed by some of the ministries, and that part of the external debts should directed towards encouraging investment in the system so as to increase capital formation and to achieve sustainable economic growth in the country. The Federal Government of Nigeria should use debt liquidation method in managing total debt in the country in order to avoid unnecessary borrowing in the economy in order to allow for effective and efficient economic growth in the country.

The study examined the effect of forensic accounting services on fraud rate management by listed banks in Nigeria. In the course of the study, two research questions raised and answered while two hypotheses were tested. The study adopted the descriptive survey research design with a population of 120 staff of forensic accounting and internal control departments of 25 listed banks. A sample of 95 respondents drawn from 12 listed banks in Nigeria was used in the study. A researcher's developed instrument titled "Forensic Accounting Services, Fraud Rate Management Questionnaire (FASFRMQ)"was used for data collection. The instrument was validated by two experts. The data were analyzed through analysis of variance using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21 (SPSS 21).The hypotheses were tested at 5% level of significance. The study revealed that the application of forensic accounting services by banks has significantly affected fraud rate management in the listed banks. It also showed that expert consultancy, fraud investigation and litigation support services significantly aided fraud rate management among the listed banks. It was recommended that banks should take advantage of forensic accounting services to ensure the operational efficiency and effectiveness of their fraud rate management functions. The establishment and enhancement of forensic accounting and auditing functions in banks as separate departments in order to reduce fraud rates were equally recommended.

This research work is an empirical study of human capital development funding and workers productivity, a study of the University of Calabar. A set of structured questionnaire was developed and administered to elicit response on staff development funding and its relationship with productivity. The responses were tabulated, analyzed and hypotheses tested using the Pearson's product-moment correlation tool. The research work revealed that human capital development funding has a significant relationship with workers productivity. Workers are also motivated to work harder when their efforts are appreciated by their employers. There is improvement of relationship between workers who are funded to undergo training and development sessions. The hypothesis (Hi) which state that there is significant relationship between human capital development funding and workers productivity of UNICAL employee was therefore accepted while the null hypothesis was rejected. The study recommended that management should liaise with external training organizations and woo them to mount staff training seminars and other workshops on relevant topics for effective performance and on regular intervals. Introduction The problems of human capital development in the University of Calabar are numerous, some of which are inherent while others are spillover effects of the economic, social and political systems. The major is Government inability to provide adequate funds to enable UNICAL increase budgetary allocation for staff training and development. Ambitious and desiring staff often obtained personal and external facilities to undertake training due to their inability to obtain same from the University. This often results to high rate of labour turnover, low productivity, lower level of service and inability to meet with challenges of competitors. UNICAL is expected to improve on her level of partnership with donor and training bodies to attract training facilities for studies, workshops and seminars that will help in improving technological manpower geared towards staff development for acquisition of required skills that will improve both the University and individual performance and desired efficiency. These problems have brought about many observed cases of

This research examined the effect of capital structure on the profitability of consumer goods companies in Nigeria. The research examined whether capital structure, proxied by debt ratio and debt/equity ratio has significant effect on profitability proxied by return on assets. Secondary data from 15 consumer goods companies listed on the Nigerian Stock exchange for the period 2011 to 2020 were used for this study. Two hypotheses were developed and subsequently analysed and tested using the Panel Least Square Regression Technique. The research findings showed that debt ratio has a negative significant effect on the profitability of listed consumer goods companies in Nigeria. It is negative and significant at five percent level. The negative sign on the coefficient suggest that debt ratio has an indirect effect on the profitability of listed consumer goods companies in Nigeria. The study therefore concludes that debt ratio has negative effect on the profitability of listed consumer goods companies in Nigeria Stock Exchange. The amount of long term and short term loan by listed consumer goods companies in Nigeria reduces their profitability. The study also revealed that debt/equity ratio has significant positive effect on the profitability of listed consumer goods companies in Nigeria.The positive sign on the coefficient suggest that debt/equity ratio has direct effect on the profitability of listed consumer goods companies in Nigeria. The study therefore concludes that significant positive relationship exists between debt/equity ratio and return on assets meaning that a proper mix of capital structure will result in increase in financial performance as measured by return on asset. Based on the research findings, the study recommends thatlisted consumer goods companies in Nigeria should use debt/equity in their capital structure since it has positive effect on financial performance and managers should ensure optimal mix of debt and equity to enhance profitability.

The study empirically examined the effect of internally generated revenue on the economic growth of Cross River State. The specific objectives were: to examine the effect of taxes on the economic growth of Cross River State, assess the effect of licenses on the economic growth of Cross River State, and to investigate the effect of school charges on the economic growth of Cross River State using GDP as a proxy. Data for this study were gathered from secondary sources using Reports of the Ministries. The study employed ordinary least square multiple regression techniques to establish the effect of independent variables (taxes, licenses, school charges) on dependent variable (economic growth). Based on the result, the following findings were made; there was a positive and insignificant effect of taxes on the economic growth of Cross River State, there was a negative and significant effect of licenses on the economic growth of Cross River State, and there was a positive and insignificant effect of school charges on the economic growth of Cross River State. The study recommended that government should increase her revenue in order to accommodate the capital expenditure of the state. Government should diversify its economy and explore especially the non oil sector of the state economy so as to correct the disparity between revenue and expenditure and reduce the attendant budget deficit.

There is a growing concern about budget estimates and implementation, and the extent to which it impacts on economic stimulation in Nigeria. This study examined the impact of budget estimate, implementation rate on economic stimulation using GDP as proxy. The study X-ray the impact of capital expenditure, recurrent expenditure and implementation rate on economic stimulation represented by Gross Domestic Product (per capita) for the period 1999 to 2020. The study applied regression analysis with the help of SPSS version 25 and revealed that there is a positive relationship between capital expenditure and GDP though insignificant. Recurrent expenditure therefore, shows positive relationship to GDP and significant at 5% level. Implementation rate to GDP revealed negative effect. It was recommended amongst others that: clear economic plan must be put in place to drive budgeting and implementation, so that priority should be given to capital expenditure to stimulate economic growth.

The paper is aimed at determining the effect of Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) on Sustainable financial performance of deposit money banks in Nigeria. The specific objectives of the research is to determine the effect of ERM on earning per share (EPS) and to ascertain the effect of ERM on Tobin Q. Descriptive research design was adopted for the study considering the total population of all the twenty-one listed deposit money banks in Nigeria. Data were gathered via secondary source from five (5) public annual reports of the listed deposit money banks for a period of six years ranged from 2013-2018 and analysed using percentages and ratios. Multiple regressions was employed in data analysis and testing the hypotheses; in determining if there is a significant effect of Enterprise Risk Management on Earnings per Share and Tobin Q of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study revealed that there is a positive and significant relationship between ERM (Firms Size, Leverage) and sustainable financial performance (TQ & EPS) of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria. Based on the findings, the study recommends that financial institutions in Nigeria should employ robust Enterprise Risk Management Practices as these are likely to greatly influence their financial performance in one way or the other and that Central Bank of Nigeria and other regulators should endeavour to strengthen the enforcement of risk control mechanism to boost a robust bank performance.

The paper is aimed at determining the effect of Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) on Sustainable financial performance of deposit money banks in Nigeria. The specific objectives of the research is to determine the effect of ERM on earning per share (EPS) and to ascertain the effect of ERM on Tobin Q. Descriptive research design was adopted for the study considering the total population of all the twenty-one listed deposit money banks in Nigeria. Data were gathered via secondary source from five (5) public annual reports of the listed deposit money banks for a period of six years ranged from 2013-2018 and analysed using percentages and ratios. Multiple regressions was employed in data analysis and testing the hypotheses; in determining if there is a significant effect of Enterprise Risk Management on Earnings per Share and Tobin Q of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study revealed that there is a positive and significant relationship between ERM (Firms Size, Leverage) and sustainable financial performance (TQ & EPS) of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria. Based on the findings, the study recommends that financial institutions in Nigeria should employ robust Enterprise Risk Management Practices as these are likely to greatly influence their financial performance in one way or the other and that Central Bank of Nigeria and other regulators should endeavour to strengthen the enforcement of risk control mechanism to boost a robust bank performance.