Thomas Sudhop’s research while affiliated with Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte and other places

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Publications (29)


Concept of the search strategy for identifying companion diagnostics applied in clinical trials in the EU using the PharmNet CT database. The search in PharmNet CT was based on collected data of medicinal products in personalized medicine and associated biomarkers which are potentially eligible for in vitro diagnostic testing. Information on commercially available in vitro diagnostic medical devices and the applied detection method were gathered from DMIDS (German Medical Devices Information and Database System [11]). An advanced keyword search in PharmNet CT was conducted. The results from this search were documented based on the EudraCT number of the trial.
Detailed workflow. The search strategy is based on Column I (Medicinal Products with CDx) and Column II (Potential Biomarker for CDx). The information gathered in these two columns is used for a systematic keyword search in DMIDS (German Medical Devices Information and Database System [11]), integrating information on the detection method based on commercially available in vitro diagnostic medical devices. The resulting Summary of Column I and II is the foundation for an advanced keyword search in the PharmNet CT database, which was divided into four search categories by using different search operators.
Numbers of all identified medicinal product/CDx combinations, medicinal products in total, and associated biomarkers collected from the literature research. After performing a screening in DMIDS (German Medical Devices Information and Database System) for determining the in vitro diagnostic detection method, the results are recorded and combined in the Summary of Column I and II. This summary is the foundation for the systematic database search in PharmNet CT of the accompanying biomarker testing applied in clinical trials.
Total count of biomarkers associated with medicinal products in clinical trials acquired from database research in PharmNet CT. The cut-off is a total count of >30, results are based on the search query category “Medicinal Product AND Biomarker”. Included are clinical trials conducted in the EU from 2004–2022.
Search results of applied detection methods and associated biomarkers in clinical trials acquired from database research in PharmNet CT. The chosen cut-off is ≥20 search results, results are based on the search query category “Biomarker AND Detection Method”. Included are clinical trials conducted in the EU from 2004–2022. IHC = immunohistochemistry; FISH = fluorescence in situ hybridization; PCR = polymerase chain reaction; CISH = chromogenic in situ hybridization; MRI = magnetic resonance imaging.

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A Systematic Database Approach to Identify Companion Diagnostic Testing in Clinical Trials under the New In Vitro Diagnostic Medical Devices Regulation
  • Article
  • Full-text available

June 2023

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54 Reads

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3 Citations

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Thomas Sudhop

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Werner Knoess

The European Union In Vitro Diagnostic Medical Devices Regulation (EU) 2017/746 (IVDR) introduces companion diagnostics (CDx) as a new legal term. CDx are applied in combination with a medicinal product to identify patient subgroups most likely to benefit from a treatment or who are at increased risk. This new regulation came into full effect on 26 May 2022 and represents the current development in personalized medicine. The implementation of IVDR and CDx is a regulatory challenge in the EU, requiring re-assessment of in vitro diagnostic medical devices (IVD) in terms of their CDx designation. To retrospectively identify IVD biomarker testing applied in clinical trials, a systematic search in the German PharmNet Clinical Trials database was developed. In total 3643 clinical trials conducted between 2004 and 2022 were identified. The results were analyzed in terms of medicinal products, biomarkers, and IVDs. Patient stratification based on biomarker testing mainly takes place in oncology-related trials, and the biomarkers most frequently tested are PD-L1 and HER2. Furthermore, there is a significant overlap between the collected data and non-European national authorities that have already implemented the CDx concept. This analysis could be indicatory of the medicinal products and corresponding IVD tests that could be CDx candidates under the IVDR.

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Grundzüge des neuen Genehmigungsverfahrens für klinische Arzneimittelprüfungen im Rahmen der Verordnung (EU) Nr. 536/2014 und der Zusammenarbeit zwischen den Mitgliedstaaten

December 2022

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76 Reads

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1 Citation

Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz

Zusammenfassung Mit der am 31.01.2022 anwendbar gewordenen Verordnung (EU) Nr. 536/2014 zu klinischen Prüfungen mit Humanarzneimitteln wurde die weitgehende Vollharmonisierung der Genehmigungs- und Überwachungsverfahren klinischer Arzneimittelprüfungen in der Europäischen Union (EU) und dem Europäischen Wirtschaftsraum (EWR) vollzogen. Neben einem vollständig papierlosen Antragsverfahren erfolgt auch die gesamte Kommunikation aller Beteiligten über das eigens für die Verordnung entwickelte Clinical Trials Information System (CTIS), über das auch – jeweils zeitlich gestaffelt – alle nicht geschützten Informationen und Inhalte des Genehmigungsantrags und der Ergebnisse der klinischen Prüfung der Öffentlichkeit zugänglich gemacht werden. Wie bereits unter den alten rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen ergeht die Genehmigung einer klinischen Prüfung durch die jeweils betroffenen Mitgliedstaaten. In den Fällen, in denen eine klinische Prüfung in mehreren Mitgliedstaaten durchgeführt werden soll, erfolgt die Bewertung des allgemeinen Teils der Unterlagen nunmehr gemeinsam durch die betroffenen Mitgliedstaaten unter koordinierender Federführung eines berichterstattenden Mitgliedstaates. Der vorliegende Artikel skizziert das Genehmigungsverfahren mit seinem Fristenkonzept und adressiert weitere Aspekte der Verordnung, wie z. B. Details zum Schutz der an der klinischen Prüfung teilnehmenden Personen, die Sicherheitsberichterstattung sowie die Transparenzregelungen.




Master protocols in clinical trials: a universal Swiss Army knife?

June 2019

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100 Reads

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34 Citations

The Lancet Oncology

Thomas Sudhop

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Nikolai Constantin Brun

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Claudia Riedel

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[...]

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Master protocols combine several sub-trials, each with their own research objectives, which is usually presented as one single clinical trial application. Master protocols have become increasingly popular in oncology and haematology, as either basket, umbrella, or platform trials. Although master protocols are intended to accelerate drug development and to reduce futility, their use poses challenges to ethics committees, patients, study investigators, and competent authorities during the review and authorisation process of a clinical trial application. In this Personal View, we review the experiences of clinical trial applications from two European medical regulators—the Danish Medicines Agency and the German Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices. We view master protocols as a good opportunity to identify new treatment options more quickly, particularly for patients with cancer. However, the complexity of trial documentation, the amount of information resulting from sub-trials, and the volume of changes and amendments made to clinical trial applications can cause issues during trial supervision, and during the analysis and review of a corresponding application for marketing authorisation. We draw attention to the potential issues arising from these trial concepts and propose possible solutions to avoid problems during clinical trial authorisation and trial conduct.


Die Rolle von Ethikkommissionen bei der Bewertung klinischer ArzneimittelprüfungenEthics committees in clinical trials involving medicinal products

April 2019

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171 Reads

Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz

Die Rolle von Ethikkommissionen bei der Bewertung klinischer Arzneimittelprüfungen hat sich im Laufe der Jahre gewandelt. Aus den kollegialen Beratungsgremien wurden Patientenschutzorganisationen mit Behördencharakter. Während das ärztliche Berufsrecht in Deutschland bei biomedizinischer Forschung am Menschen lediglich eine Beratungspflicht für Ärzte vorsieht, bei der eine ablehnende Stellungnahme in rechtlicher Hinsicht nicht zu einer Unzulässigkeit des Forschungsvorhabens führt, verlangt das Arzneimittelgesetz (AMG) eine zustimmende Bewertung durch die zuständige Ethikkommission.


Anxiolytics and hypnotics: Spectra of prescribing and morbidity

December 2018

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13 Reads

In an ongoing project supported by the Federal Ministry of Health (BMG) off-label-use of pharmaceuticals with high prescription rates is investigated in a database comprising all citizens covered by public sick funds. The focus is on prevalences and indications as well as on the identification of off-label-use specifically addressing rare diseases in the context of the action plan of the National Action League for People with Rare Diseases (NAMSE). In the years 2010 through 2011 the off-label-use of the 11 anxiolytics investigated varied between 35 % (buspirone) up to about 70 % (medazepam, bro-mazepam, prazepam), that of the 13 hypnotics varied between 40 % (melatonin) and 78 % (clo-methiazole). Apparent off-label-use was probably caused by incomplete coding resulting from the labels tending to be oriented to symptoms rather than nosological entities where putatively only the underlying psychiatric or somatic disorders had been coded but not the symptoms. No comor-bidities potentially signaling specific risks were detected. Although rare diseases were identified, it appeared doubtful that these had specifically motivated the off-label-use but rather unspecific accompanying psychiatric symptoms. © 2018 Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft mbH.All right reserved.


Anticonvulsants: Spectra of prescribing and morbidity

August 2018

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24 Reads

In an ongoing project supported by the Federal Ministry of Health (BMG) off-label use of pharmaceuticals with high prescription rates is investigated in a database comprising all citizens covered by public sick funds, i. e. some 89 % of the German population. The focus is on prevalences and indications as well as on the identification of off-label use specifically addreßing rare diseases in the context of the Action Plan of the National Action League for People with Rare Diseases (NAMSE). In the years 2010 through 2011 the off-label use of the 16 anticonvulsants invest investigated varied between 1 % (lacosamide) up to more than 60 % (clonazepam, sultiam). Apparent off-label use could in part have been due to unspecific coding (sultiam). On the other hand, the off-label use especially addreßed psychiatric disorders (valproate in schizophrenia, clonazepam in depreßion), tremor (primidone, clonazepam), restleß-legs syndrome (clonazepam), migraine (valproate) and a variety of diseases aßociated with chronic pain. No comorbidities potentially signaling specific risks were detected. Familial myoclonus poßibly was the only rare disease detected putatively being addreßed by the off-label use. © 2018 Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft mbH. All rights reserved.


Neuroleptika und lithium: Spektrum der Verordnung und morbidität explorative analyse anhand einer Vollerfassung der Abrechnungsdaten der Gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung

April 2018

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17 Reads

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1 Citation

In einem vom Bundesministerium für Gesundheit geförderten Projekt wird der Off-Label-Use häufig verordneter Arzneimittel in einer Vollerfassung der Abrechnungsdaten der gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung (Daten nach §§303aff. SGB V) untersucht, um einerseits Erkenntnisse über seine Häufigkeit und Art zu gewinnen und andererseits Ansätze für gezielte Forschung für seltene Krankheiten gemäß dem Nationalen Aktionsplan für Menschen mit Seltenen Erkrankungen (NAMSE) zu identifizieren. In den Jahren 2010 und 2011 variierte der Off-Label-Use der 25 un-tersuchten Neuroleptika zwischen 5% (Benperidol) bis über 90% (Fluspirilen); für Lithium lag er bei 8%. Dieser war insbesondere bei schwach-potenten Neuroleptika mit symptomorientierter Formulierung der zugelassenen Anwendungsgebiete am ehesten unvollständigem Kodieren zuzuschreiben und galt im Wesentlichen einer Vielfalt anderer psychischen Störungen, bei Lithium insbesondere Schizophrenien. Lithium war mit Hypothyreosen assoziiert. Ansonsten zeigten sich keine Häufungen anderer Komorbiditäten, die auf spezifische Risiken hinweisen könnten. Als seltene Krankheiten, denen der Off-Label-Use gegolten haben konnte, wurden nur Chorea Huntington und frontotemporale Demenzen identifiziert, bei denen die Neuroleptika vermutlich Symptom-gesteuert eingesetzt wurden. © 2018 Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft mbH. All rights reserved.



Citations (8)


... Thus, Chase et al. (2023) analyze the first experience of implementing the new version of Regulation No. 536/2014, as well as the challenges and opportunities it creates for participants in clinical trials. Sudhop et al. (2023) had studied main characteristics of the new procedure for obtaining permission to conduct drug trials in accordance with the requirements of Regulation No. 536/2014, in particular the application process, including requirements for documentation, ethical aspects and data security. At the same time, the processes that regulate cooperation between EU member states, for example, procedures related to the process of approving applications for conducting clinical trials and exchanging safety data, are being studied in detail. ...

Reference:

Analysis of regulatory implementation of regulation 536/2014 by European Union countries and Ukraine regarding the examination of clinical trials data and information
Grundzüge des neuen Genehmigungsverfahrens für klinische Arzneimittelprüfungen im Rahmen der Verordnung (EU) Nr. 536/2014 und der Zusammenarbeit zwischen den Mitgliedstaaten

Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz

... Per Definition des BfArM sollen DiGA, die einen pSVV als pVE nachweisen, die Rolle der Patient*innen stärken und in enger Verzahnung mit den Leistungserbringenden ihr Gesundheitshandeln unterstützen [4,5]. Die Nachweise für einen pVE in den Kategorien mN und pSVV sind gemäß gesetzlicher Regelung gleichermaßen zur Ermöglichung der Zulassung für die Erstattung innerhalb der Regelversorgung geeignet [2,4,6]. 1 Seit Inkrafttreten des DigiG am 26.März 2024 können auch Medizinprodukte der Klasse IIb als DiGA gelistet werden, diese müssen jedoch zwingend bereits zur Antragsstellung einen Medizinischen Nutzen nachgewiesen haben. Eine Aufnahme zur Probe ist bei Medizinprodukten der Klasse IIb nicht mehr möglich. ...

Digitale Gesundheitsanwendungen (DiGA) als innovativer Baustein in der digitalen Gesundheitsversorgung in Deutschland – Informationen, Erfahrungen und Perspektiven

Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz

... These recommendations are directed to the so-called master protocols (basket, umbrella and platform trials). These trial designs, commonly associated with PM 8 , raise several challenges both in terms of designs and evaluation by health authorities 36,37 . While many issues have been covered in previous reviews, these are not specific to PM. ...

Master protocols in clinical trials: a universal Swiss Army knife?
  • Citing Article
  • June 2019

The Lancet Oncology

... Generally, increased trial complexity might nevertheless increase the number of substantial amendments due to interim result requirements or other warranted substantial changes based on emerging data. 22,23 This protocol allowed for an adaptive approach. Dose escalation between cohorts was guided by the recommendations from the safety review committee, based on available safety, tolerability, and PK data. ...

Analysis of integrated clinical trial protocols in early phases of medicinal product development

European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology

... which addresses stopping rules for the entire trial or a given cohort, this item 11b focuses on the individual participant. 82 Item 12 [modified] Primary, secondary, and other outcomes (which include those intended for prespecified adaptations), including the specific measurement variable, analysis metric, method of aggregation, and time point for each outcome. Explanation of the clinical relevance of chosen outcomes is strongly recommended Example 1. Fig. 4 represents this example, which has been adapted; only a portion of the original table is reported here. ...

Who is a ‘healthy subject’?—consensus results on pivotal eligibility criteria for clinical trials

European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology

... However, under no circumstances did the EMA asked the MAH to interrupt the study. 6 As the use of aliskiren in combination with an ACEi or an ARB had already been contraindicated in diabetic patients by EMA, their combination had to be considered an off label prescription and thus all the European ethics committees of ATMOSPHERE should have been contacted by the sponsor to express their opinion on whether new circumstances imposed a protocol amendment. 7 However, the German Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM), independently from EMA, requested the DSMB to provide the unblinded data of the study. ...

Regulatory reply to the ATMOSPHERE data monitoring committee
  • Citing Article
  • April 2016

The New-England Medical Review and Journal

... From the perspective of the German approval authorities, the condition of a European, largely harmonized pharmaceutical authorization process, where a mainly nationally regulated pharmaceutical reimbursement system causes inevitable frictions, which, although not preventable, could be reduced at least through joint advice discussions (18). In 2013, BfArM and PEI provided 439 SA procedures, compared with ninetyeight advice meetings held at the FJC, for twelve of which they provided written advice. ...

Zusammenspiel zwischen Zulassung und Nutzenbewertung von Arzneimitteln
  • Citing Article
  • January 2015

Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz

... Some NIPMSs are imposed by regulatory agencies, for example to assess a safety risk of a medicinal product or to evaluate the effectiveness of risk management measures [3]. However, some authors have hypothesized that many NIPMSs primarily serve marketing purposes for pharmaceutical manufacturers by familiarizing physicians with a newly authorized drug as well as offering an incentive to prescribe the drug [1,[4][5][6][7]. A recent study of German NIPMSs by Spelsberg et al. showed that they rarely serve to improve drug safety because their sample sizes are usually too small to allow for the detection of rare adverse events [8]. ...

A 1-year cross-sectional analysis of non-interventional post-marketing study protocols submitted to the German Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM)

European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology