Thomas S. Hopkins’s research while affiliated with University of Naples Federico II and other places

... All five arms from each juvenile were measured, but where rigidity of an arm curl restricted measurements, fewer arms were considered. The adult female size was determined using the standard size methodology following Hopkins et al. (1994), i.e. measuring the distance from the tip of the arm to the mouth (the total radius) and the distance from the mouth to the intersect between two arms (central disc radius). Where females were restricted to the brood position, arm length was measured from the tip to the point of the bend and from the base of the brood chamber to the point of the bend. ...

Reference:

Energetic changes throughout early ontogeny of the brooding Antarctic sea star Rhopiella hirsuta (Koehler, 1920)

... Antimicrobial activity was recorded for extracts from Astropecten irregularis, Luidia sarsi, and Ophiura albida against the following human pathogens: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enterica, and Bacillus subtilis [5]. A total of 22 species of echinoderms (one crinoid, three holothuroids, three ophiuroids, and 15 asteroids) have been reported to exhibit antimicrobial activity against bacterial pathogens [29]. Antimicrobial effects have been reported for extracts from various Echinodermata species such as the sea cucumbers Holothuria leucospilota [30] and Cucumaria frondosa [28], the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis [28], the sea star Asterias rubens [28], and Ophiopholis mirabilis [31]. ...

Reference:

Fatty Acids of Echinoderms: Diversity, Current Applications and Future Opportunities

... Echinodermata: King 1898;Niesen 1973;Viviani 1978;Hopkins et al. 1990;Bingham et al. 2000;Marrs et al. 2000;Pomory and Lares 2000;Ramsay et al. 2001Ophiuroidea Buchanan 1964Martin 1968;Singletary 1970;Lee and Lee 1978;Emson and Wilkie 1980;Singletary 1980;Bowmer and Keegan 1983;Duineveld and Van Noort 1986;Aronson 1987;Hendler and Turner 1987;Sides 1987;Aronson 1989;Alva and Jangoux 1990;Aronson 1991;Fujita 1992;Munday 1993;Bourgoin and Guillou 1994;Clements et al. 1994;Stancyk et al. 1994;Skö ld and Rosenberg 1996;Stewart 1996;Freese et al. 1999;Packer et al. 1994;Pomory and Lawrence 2001;Metaxas and Giffin 2004;Brooks et al. 2007Crinoidea Mladenov 1983Meyer 1985;Meyer and Oji 1993;Oji and Okamoto 1994;Schneider 1988;Vail 1989 Echinoidea Birkeland and Chia 1971 ...

Reference:

Frequency of Injury and the Ecology of Regeneration in Marine Benthic Invertebrates

... Wide range of secondary metabolites has been isolated from Sea cucumbers which have large and diverse group of organisms. A number of these compounds possess biological activity such as toxicity, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antitumor and other specific activities (Bryan et al., 1992; Villasin and Pomory, 2000; Haug et al., 2002; Han et al., 2009). The aim of the present study is to evaluate the antifouling and antibacterial activities of marine bioactive compounds isolated from Red Sea cucumber. ...

Reference:

Ahmed Ibrahem Ph.D

... Una vez en áreas de baja salinidad, las jaibas crecen, alcanzan la madurez sexual y se aparean; entonces las hembras grávidas migran hacia zonas de mayor salinidad, portando individualmente varios millones de huevos fertilizados (Prager et al. 1990, Hsueh et al. 1993 Las migraciones internas también están relacionadas con la búsqueda de condiciones ambientales más favorables. Por ejemplo, en Norteamérica, los cambios estacionales, especialmente durante la transición lluvia-primavera provocan migraciones de C. sapidus hacia lugares menos fríos (Livingstone 1976, Subrahmanyam y Coultas 1980, Fielder 1930, Truit 1939, Fischler y Walburg 1962. ...

Reference:

Current status of the blue crab (Callinectes sapidus, Brachyura, Portunidae) fishery at the south of the Maracaibo Lake, Venezuela

... As its congener S. radians, S. siderea is found throughout the Caribbean Sea where it has been recorded in Jamaica (Goreau and Wells 1967 ), Puerto Rico (Almy Jr. and Torres 1963), Lesser Antilles, in Curaçao (Debrot et al. 1998), St. Lucia (Fenner 1998), Barbados (Lewis 1997) and Trinidad (Kenny 1988), Venezuela, in the Gulf of Cariaco (Antonius 1980), Belize (Cairns 1982; Macintyre and Aronson 1997), Swan Is. (Tortora and Keith 1980), Costa Rica (Cortés 1997) and Panamá (Holst and Guzmán 1993; Clifton et al. 1996). Its range of occurrence also extends to the Gulf of Mexico, at East Flower Garden Banks (Bright et al. 1984) and northwards at Trysler Grounds/Big Rock (Schroeder and Hopkins 1997), Florida (Muthiga and Szmant 1987), and Bahamas, in the Turks and Caicos Is. (Chiappone et al. 1996). To the region of Abrolhos Archipelago (Southern Bahia state, Brazil), Laborel (1974) has specially pointed out to the variability of the endemic S. stellata with radians-and siderea-looking forms, but has not formally confirmed any of the Caribbean siderastreids to western South Atlantic. ...

Reference:

Cnidaria, Scleractinia, Siderastreidae, Siderastrea siderea (Ellis and Solander, 1786): Hartt Expedition and the first record of a Caribbean siderastreid in tropical Southwestern Atlantic

... This is beyond the scope of this study, however, as the analysis would need to consider the potential of oil and gas infrastructures to act as corridors among habitat patches; derelict infrastructures can provide hard substrate used by deep-sea corals and other benthic organisms as recruitment structures that contribute to community expansion (Sammarco, Atchison, and Boland 2004;Gass and Roberts 2006). Although this study was conducted following the reasoning that proximity to active oil and gas structures increases the risk of harm to deep-sea corals, structures can potentially be beneficial when used as artificial habitats by colonizing invertebrates (Cairns et al. 1993;Edinger et al. 2011). The tradeoff between the risk of impacts and benefits from habitat provision must be evaluated in future work. ...

Reference:

High-Resolution Ensemble Modelling of Coral Distributions in the Northern Gulf of Mexico Based on Geomorphometry: Coral Diversity and Benthic Habitat Fragmentation From Oil and Gas Infrastructure to Inform Spatial Planning

... The variation of testosterone synthesis was observed between ovaries and testes of sea urchins, indicating the sex-specific activity of related enzymes in the metabolic pathways (5α-reductase and 3α/β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase) (Wasson et al., 1998). Watts et al. (1994) used radiolabeled 3 H-androstenedione to investigate androgen synthesis in different tissue minces (Body wall, pyloric caeca/gut, and gonad) of a number of echinoderms species, including four asteroids, three echinoids, three ophiuroids, one holothuroid and one crinoid (Watts et al., 1994). Androstenedione was metabolized into a variety of steroids and steroid derivatives (testosterone, 5α-androstanedione, epiandrosterone, 5β-androstanedione, 5α-androstane-3β, 17β-diol, 5α-dihydrotestosterone, unknown esterified androgens, and steroid conjugates) in all tested tissues from echinoderms, but species-specific and tissue-specific variations were found in androgen metabolism (Watts et al., 1994). ...

Reference:

Endocrine regulation of reproductive biology in echinoderms: An evolutionary perspective from closest marine invertebrate relatives to chordates

... This wide distribution and accompanying high tolerance of varying sediment, turbulence, temperatures, and nutrient conditions are also found for D. excentricus and Encope (see compilation in Solís-Marín et al., 2013). Some Clypeaster species in the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico are even restricted to deeper water (Serafy, 1970a(Serafy, ,b, 1971(Serafy, , 1979Hopkins, 1988;Hopkins et al., 1991). E. pusillus occurs to depths to 1250 m, Echinocyamus grandiporus (1500 m) and Echinocyamus macrostomus (2286 m) are described as deep-sea species in the Atlantic Ocean and the West Indies by Mortensen (1927Mortensen ( , 1948. ...

Reference:

Ecology of clypeasteroids

... In the Mediterranean basin, Atlantic blue crabs show similar feeding habits as in their native area, feeding mainly on mollusks (Pla et al. 2018;Rady et al. 2018;Gil 2018;Prado et al. 2021), fish, and crabs (Carrozzo et al. 2014). The Atlantic blue crab diet is influenced by environmental conditions, such as salinity and temperature (Seitz et al. 2011;Mancinelli et al. 2017c), seasonal variation in food items (Laughlin 1982;Haefner 1990;Hsueh et al. 1992), and energy requirements (Rosas et al. 1994). Males and females exhibit similar diets when inhabiting the same habitat (Hsueh et al. 1992). ...

Reference:

Diet of the Invasive Atlantic Blue Crab Callinectes sapidus Rathbun, 1896 (Decapoda, Portunidae) in the Guadalquivir Estuary (Spain)