Tetiana Tkachenko’s research while affiliated with National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute” and other places

The article substantiates the principles of the system of economic security of industrial enterprises in conditions of competition. Ensuring the effective functioning of the economic security system of an industrial enterprise is a task for its competitiveness, stability and preservation of successful functioning on the market. Implementation of the system of economic security of an industrial enterprise involves the use of principles that trigger its functioning. These principles establish the basic rules and conditions that help achieve the set goals of economic security. They are focused on: ensuring financial stability, stability, technical independence, high competitiveness, improving personnel qualifications, minimizing the negative impact on the environment and protecting various aspects of the industrial enterprise. It is substantiated that a comprehensive approach to the creation of an economic security system can vary depending on the characteristics of an industrial enterprise, industry, market conditions and other factors, and the general principles include: complexity and systematicity, preventiveness, balance, flexibility and adaptability, interconnection and experience. The specified principles of economic security management are based on the following provisions, which contribute to the effective management of the economic security of the enterprise and ensure its stability and successful operation in a dynamic business environment, and take into account: industrial enterprises must conduct a systematic analysis of risks that may affect its economic security; the enterprise should consider the possibilities of diversifying its activities and resources; effective financial management is a key aspect of functioning in economic security; the enterprise must have financial reserves to cover unforeseen events or negative changes in market conditions; an industrial enterprise must be ready for changes and innovations occurring in the economic environment; managing the economic security of an industrial enterprise requires cooperation and interaction with all interested parties, such as customers, suppliers, partners, government bodies, etc. The correct application of the principles of the economic security system contributes to the formation of a reliable and effective system that ensures the sustainable development of the enterprise.

The article substantiates the importance of innovations in the context of the economic security of enterprises in the conditions of intensifying competition, increasing threats and uncertainties, which are caused by the modern state of war in the economic development of Ukraine. During the research, such scientific methods were used as: system-analytical, comparative analysis, theoretical generalization. A chain of interconnected risk phenomena that reduce the economic security of enterprises has been clarified, in particular: the destruction of almost all industrial and market ties; instability of solvency; low (or zero) levels of efficiency; catastrophic decrease in competitiveness; the emergence of risks of bankruptcy and loss of viability as a result of received losses or destruction as a result of military actions on the territory of Ukraine. Ensuring the economic security of industrial enterprises in competitive conditions should be based on the fact that the implementation of innovation policy at the enterprise should not be of an episodic nature; strategic planning of the management of the innovation cycle of the enterprise and its products with an orientation to the potential opportunities for the development of the enterprise; ensuring the improvement of the intellectual potential of the enterprise; achieving and maintaining the required level of product quality in accordance with national and international standards; expansion of sales markets due to innovative policy both in domestic and foreign markets. The elements of the implementation of the innovative component of the enterprise's economic security are substantiated, including: the presence of economic support, which is preceded by a detailed economic analysis regarding the feasibility of the planned innovative and investment activities; compliance of regulatory and legal support with current requirements for documenting innovative and investment procedures; timeliness of information provision of all economic processes; improvement of organizational support, which is closely related to the procedural development of relevant processes when implementing innovations at the enterprise; activation of all types of marketing actions; optimization of resource, technical, production support of business processes of the enterprise.

The purpose of the study is to substantiate the theoretical and conceptual foundations of the formation of the economic security system of the enterprise in competitive conditions. It is substantiated that the system of economic security of the enterprise involves ensuring its protection in the process of interaction with the subjects of the surrounding environment, as well as identifying new opportunities for the development of the enterprise in competitive conditions. The economic security of the enterprise is related to its competitiveness. One of the goals of the enterprise’s economic security system is to ensure the development and preservation of competitive advantage, which allows the enterprise to occupy a strong position in the market, withstand competition and attract customers. The economic security of the enterprise involves its sustainable development, in particular, it involves the planning and implementation of long-term strategies that allow the enterprise to adapt to changes in the economic environment, develop and increase its efficiency, as well as identify new business opportunities. It was established that the formation of the economic security system of the enterprise depends on the following factors: the sphere of activity of the enterprise, the dynamism of the external environment and interaction with it, the size of the enterprise, the presence of enterprise development strategies. Taking into account these conditions contributes to the effective formation of the economic security system of the enterprise, ensuring its stability and successful operation of the enterprise in competitive conditions. It has been proven that the main functional tasks of the economic security system of enterprises, which are aimed at ensuring its stability and successful operation in the conditions of a changing environment and intensifying competition, are: ensuring high financial efficiency of work; ensuring technical independence and achieving high competitiveness of the technical potential of the enterprise; achieving a high level of staff qualification and mental potential; minimization of the destructive impact of the results of production and economic activity on the state of the environment; protection of all aspects of the enterprise’s activity; ensuring the protection of commercial secrets; effective organization of the security of the company’s personnel.

The current challenges of globalization provide business entities of various economic systems with multifaceted opportunities, while creating new threats to economic security. These and other challenges require enterprises to pay attention to innovation, and improve their economic security. The study substantiates the importance of innovative development as a determinant of corporate economic security. The main purpose is to assess the innovative development state of enterprises, and evaluate its impact on economic security based on the available information and analytical support. To achieve the set goal, the authors proposed an assessment approach for corporate economic security based on the innovative component, and developed a monitoring algorithm for the factors affecting corporate development. The systemic approach was employed to consider the innovative component as a subsystem of corporate economic security, and to measure its impact on corporate development. In this way, the innovative component of corporate economic security could be calculated comprehensively. The methodology takes account of the systemic approach, as well as methodical support for the analysis of components, which is based on rating evaluations, systematic expert evaluations, and ranking scales. Industrial enterprises that pay special attention to innovative development were selected to test the proposed methodical support. In addition, the Harrington scale was adapted to establish the level of corporate economic security. Based on the calculations, it was determined that the studied enterprises have an average and below average level of economic security due to component innovation. Overall, this research presents a suitable algorithm for assessing the level of corporate economic security.

An important engine of economic development of the country is the development of small and medium enterprises. At the same time, small and medium-sized businesses, being elements of the economic system, have a significant impact on the overall economic growth of the country. Thus, there is a mutual influence of economic units on the economy as a whole. The purpose of the article is to study the impact of small and medium-sized enterprises of small and medium-sized enterprises on the gross domestic product on the example of Eastern European countries. Methods: analysis, description, observation, comparison, generalization, induction, deduction, grouping, systematization, tabular and graphical representation. Results: The level of ease of doing business in Eastern Europe was analyzed according to the Ease of doing business ranking and it was found that the Czech Republic and Poland are among the 40 countries in Eastern Europe ranked 40th and 41st out of 190 possible. It is established that the subjects of small (including micro-enterprises) and medium-sized enterprises belonging to the non-financial sector, in the structure of all enterprises of the non-financial sector of each of the studied countries occupy more than 90%. It was found that a significant share in the structure of small and medium enterprises in Eastern Europe is occupied by micro-enterprises, while the share of medium-sized enterprises is the lowest. The results of regression analysis to determine the impact of small and medium enterprises on the economic growth of countries obtained by establishing the dependence of GDP on Turnover of the non-financial business economy by size class of employment. Revealed a high dependence of GDP Turnover of the non-financial business economy by size class of employment in all surveyed countries in Eastern Europe.

Within the article, the essence of the concept and theoretical aspects of greening production as a separate area of ensuring the sustainability of production activities of the enterprise is considered. The basic principles of ensuring the environmentalization of production have been studied, among the key ones are the principles of systematization, complexity, responsibility, scientific validity, economic balance, as well as the principle of permanent improvement. The authors also consider the main tools for production greening (utilization, recycling, biochemical, bioenergy technologies and technologies of environmental adaptation), as well as a study of the main stages of production greening. The dynamics of some indicators that characterize the trends in the prevalence of production greening among entrepreneurs in terms of the number of enterprises that implement relevant measures and those, which measures, are innovative and significant. The methodical approach of estimation of production greening with use of the methods of standardization, complex indicators and comparison is offered. A list of recommended measures for production greening by enterprises has been formed. The list of recommendatory measures of the enterprises production greening is formed, which include: development of ways to ensure the processing and reuse of industrial waste; conducting a study of the production system for the possible generation of returnable waste; introduction of measures to reduce the material consumption of products; reduction of energy consumption of equipment’s separate elements; development and implementation of technological processes that eliminate or minimize emissions and emissions of harmful substances into the environment, etc.

This study is devoted to substantiating the methodological principles of assessing the competitiveness of industrial enterprises. It is proposed to assess the competitiveness of industrial enterprises using structural-factor assessment of competitiveness management of industrial enterprises by an integrated approach, as well as to assess the intensity of competition in the industry using the Herfindahl-Hirschman index. The comprehensive index of competitiveness of industrial enterprises is based on the criteria of efficiency of production activities of industrial enterprises, financial support of industrial enterprises, efficiency of sales and promotion of industrial goods, competitiveness of industrial products. The approbation of the offered developments on an example of the metallurgical enterprises is carried out. The calculation of the Herfindahl-Hirschman index showed that in general, during the period under study, the metallurgical market is unstable and competition is quite high.

Within the article, the economic model of the integration impact of modernization on the enterprise competitiveness and ensuring its economic security is described and substantiated. The authors formalize the factors and patterns of increasing a competitive advantage under the influence of the modernization potential implementation. It is determined that to ensure the competitiveness and economic security of the enterprise it is necessary to carry it out in compliance with the conditions of complexity of strategic reforms, clarity of modernization tasks, speed of adaptation of the modernization process to external environment, coherence of reform levels. Assessment and strategic analysis of competitiveness according to the "3S" model of Ukrainian infrastructure enterprises revealed the dependence of the effectiveness of modernization on the existing institutional and market environment, the level of staff competence, the dynamism of innovation and investment support.

The article proposes a classification of methodological approaches to the diagnosis of the economic security of enterprises according to the principles of consistency and strategic levels of government. The authors formalize the methods at the general, structural, factorial and unit levels. The general methods include indicator, functional-resource and economic-mathematical. Structural methods are distinguished by the direction of the economic security system, which allow to formalize corporate, motivational, financial and investment-profitable approaches. The factor group of methods is also formalized, in which the diagnostics of innovative influence, competitive status, market threats and normative-legal influence is distinguished. The largest group include methods of unit diagnostics, among which are methods of analysis of bankruptcy, personnel and intellectual, technical and technological, social, environmental, information and other components.

Within the article, economic properties of modernization potential, which affects the effectiveness of its implementation and economic security of enterprises in a competitive environment is described. The authors formalize structural elements and functional components of modernization potential of enterprise in the context of involving other types of potentials in the processes of renewal and development of the enterprise to ensure economic security. The authors propose a model that reflects the vector of the implementation of modernization potential in economic space. The authors describe the conditions of the enterprise in the spiral space of modernization, which include resource consumption and cost, duration and scale, efficiency. According to the obtained values, ten types of modernization are proposed, which are divided into four sectors of the profile of modernization potential of the enterprise.