Taras Vasyltsiv’s research while affiliated with National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and other places

The article aims to assess the potential for socio-economic recovery of Ukraine and identify the reserves for its increase. The methodology is based on a system-structural approach using composite and recursive methods. The study includes data on Ukraine’s development potential by four groups (capital, labor, entrepreneurship, innovation) and markers of socio-economic recovery (gross domestic product, labor productivity, research expenditures, budget revenues, the ratio of income to the value of enterprise assets) for 2005-2023. The article reveals that the relationship between the total potential and Ukraine’s economic recovery is direct and short-term (a decrease in potential in 2007-2009, 2013-2014, and 2021-2023 by an average of 0.08 pp, 0.09 pp, and 0.8 pp, respectively, led to a decrease in the rate of socio-economic recovery by 1,300, 900, and $1,400 per capita, respectively). The rate of recovery with a 1% increase in the country’s total potential is twice as fast as the rate of loss of resistance and decrease in potential. The results allow identifying areas of Ukraine’s potential growth: increasing human capital investment, curbing youth migration, developing virtual employment, creating a favorable investment environment, strengthening infrastructure investment, creating a startup ecosystem, encouraging business with tax incentives, supporting export-oriented enterprises, developing innovation clusters, and digitalizing the economy.

Purpose. The article aims to develop theoretical and applied foundations for forming a methodology to evaluate financial and economic performance of agricultural enterprises. Methodology / approach. The authors’ methodology for analysing enterprises’ financial and economic performance is formed in the research. This methodology is based on the use of the principal component analysis. Its use involves the composition of a series of empirical indicators of financial and economic performance based on a temporal approach, the calculation of coefficients of significance of indicators and components, and the calculation of combined and integral indicators of financial and economic performance. The developed methodology was tested using the example of 13 agricultural enterprises. The selected enterprises operate in the Lviv region of Ukraine. The study period covers the operational indicators of agricultural enterprises from 2017 to 2022. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method was employed to calculate the integral index of financial and economic performance for these agricultural enterprises. Econometric modeling was applied to identify the key determinants influencing the formation of this integral index. Results. The research results showed that despite the availability of resource capacities of agricultural enterprises, the process of forming their financial and economic performance is subject to the destabilising influence of war and market factors. The integral index of agricultural enterprises’ financial and economic performance has significantly impacted their operational efficiency. Through the application of econometric modelling, the primary determinants influencing the formation of this integral index of financial and economic performance in agricultural enterprises have been identified. To improve the financial and economic performance of farming enterprises, a targeted mechanism is developed that is aggregated from such strategic areas as the rationalisation of production costs, the improvement of financial and economic management, better budgeting, the development of management personnel, and the restructuring of market policy. Originality / scientific novelty. The originality of research lies in developing a methodology for assessing enterprises’ financial and economic performance using key indicators and components. This methodology creates an adequate information and analytical basis for improving the management of financial and monetary resources. Practical value / implications. The practical significance of the research results consists in the possibility of their application in the economic activity of agricultural enterprises to improve the process of forming the financial and economic performance of the latter.

Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine has become an existential challenge and a trigger of the migration crisis. The study aims to identify migration intentions of youth and factors for the preservation of the young population in Ukraine (a case study of university youth). The study conducts a sociological survey using a Google Forms questionnaire. The sample was formed by the method of three-stage selection: (1) quotas for the share of undergraduate and graduate students; (2) the higher education institutions in Ukraine were selected by the criterion of the number of students and specialties; and (3) field of knowledge. The sample size is calculated based on the resampling method and included 2,200 people from all regions in Ukraine (except Donetsk, Luhansk, Zaporizhzhia, and Dnipropetrovsk oblasts). The study reveals that 10% of students plan to go abroad in the near future before graduation, 30% plan to stay in Ukraine only if the socio-economic situation improves after the end of the war, and 28.3% plan to migrate after graduation. The reasons for positive migration aspirations among students are socio-economic and security issues (14.9% can find a job abroad in the short term, 11.1% see the lack of further prospects in Ukraine even after the end of the war). Monitoring of youth migration processes across two vectors – current volumes and potential aspirations – can serve as an information and analytical basis for the development of a new vision of the country’s migration security strategy to preserve human resources in Ukraine.

The study aims to identify imbalances, obstacles and opportunities for realizing the capacity of institutional partnership between employers and vocational education institutions (the case of Lviv region in Ukraine) to balance the labour market. The study is based on the general scientific methods of research – analysis, synthesis, logical generalization and decomposition, as well as special methods – sociological survey and the method of weighted harmonic mean. The methodological tools of the sociological survey include a three-part questionnaire aimed at identifying business needs for workers and business willingness to employ graduates of vocational education institutions (VEIs), as well as substantiating the opportunities for cooperation between VEIs. The study shows that there is a significant shortage of workers in the region (especially locksmiths, construction workers, turners, electricians, etc.) in such economic sectors as water supply, sewerage and waste management, agriculture, forestry and fishing, mining and processing industry, service sector, etc. The authors reveal a low level of cooperation between VEIs and businesses or that of a purely formal nature, which affects the extent to which enterprises are staffed by workers. They also identify a significant need for coordination between businesses and VEIs to meet the demand for workers and the specific occupational and qualification characteristics of graduates. The study reveals the main obstacles to the spread of dual education and substantiates promising areas for its modernization

The article presents an econometric analysis of the impact and elasticity of human resources outflow and remittance with economic growth in Ukraine. It is proved that remittance (1) has a direct relationship with economic activity rate, (2) a cyclical and multiplicative relationship with the inflationary process, and (3) an indirect effect on capital investment. It has been established that migration favorably affects the financial well-being of households and is an effective measure for accumulating investment capital and savings. The trigger for economic growth in the vector of ‘migration – remittance’ is the development of the migration capital market by increasing the investment capacity of remittance’, ensuring the target remittance orientation to the small and medium-sized business sector, guaranteeing market stability (security of remittance) and developing financial inclusion.

Based on the data of the sociological study (through a survey of employers in the Lviv region) on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the supply and demand for the work of graduates of vocational (and technical) educational institutions (hereinafter referred to as VEI), the needs of employers for qualified workers – VEI graduates are identified. There is a significant shortage of workers in the region; the level of professional training of VEI graduates is average, which requires enterprises to create conditions for additional training directly at the workplace or to give preference to specialists with work experience due to the lack of practical work skills of VEI graduates. There is a low level of cooperation between VEIs and business entities in the region or the one of a purely formal nature, which affects the degree of staffing of enterprises with workers. There is a need to establish cooperation between businesses and VEIs to harmonize the scope and structure of professions and specific professional and qualification characteristics (skills) of graduates. The main obstacles to the spread of dual education include the lack of full, including digital, communication, respectively, coordination of activities between VEIs and businesses in these matters, as well as the unwillingness of businesses to spend time and resources on this. The article substantiates that effective tools for balancing supply and demand for the work of VEI graduates include the development of partnerships with businesses, involvement of employers in the learning process, establishment of an effective dialogue with VEIs; creation of appropriate conditions for practical training, provision of workplaces and laboratories with modern equipment and technologies; introduction of monitoring of the quality of vocational education; formation of regional orders for the training of specialists in VEIs based on the results of longitudinal studies of the state and trends in the development of the labor market, foresight of structural indicators of the employment sector.

A large-scale migration from Ukraine caused by russian military aggression has triggered new security challenges to the national and regional economies. The paper aims to assess the competitiveness of regional labor markets and examine its nexus with international out-migration (on the example of the Carpathian region of Ukraine). The research methods include a composite approach (assessment of labor market competitiveness), the theory of sensitivity (identification of degree of sensitivity of composite and partial indices to changes in indicators), nonlinear regression (determination of dependence of the international out-migration on labor market competitiveness), and econometric nonlinear optimization (calculation of critical values of migration). The information and analytical basis comprises indicators reflecting the development of labor markets and international migrations in the oblasts of the Carpathian region in 2008–2021. The study reveals that the level of labor market competitiveness in the region mainly remained below the national average. Two groups of indicators dominated the structure of composite indices of labor market competitiveness in the region’s oblasts: institutional capacity (indicators measuring the ability of regulatory institutions and labor market entities to provide adequate support to the unemployed and promote employment) and labor motivation (wage and income indicators). Only Lviv oblast demonstrated resilience and growth of competitiveness, which was reflected in moderate out-migration. Meanwhile, the intensity of international out-migration in Zakarpattia and Chernivtsi oblasts (with worse labor market parameters) exceeded the estimated critical values. The paper confirms that low competitiveness of the labor market is a factor increasing migration losses. AcknowledgmentThis study has been conducted with the support of the Virtual Ukraine Institute for Advanced Study (VUIAS) Fellowship Programme, 2023/2024.

Purpose. The article aims to identify the relationship between migration (in the context of two channels – (1) human resource outflows and (2) remittance inflow) in rural areas and the economic development; justification of measures of preserving rural human resources in rural areas in Ukraine. Methodology / approach. The methodological tools of the study are the construction of lag econometric models that allow identifying the influence of migration flows on key parameters of economic development, as well as the calculation of elasticity coefficients. Results. It is determined that high international migration in Ukraine, especially from territories with a lower quality of life, remote from regional centers, leads to increase human resource outflow in rural areas, which accelerates the rate of their socio-economic degradation and extinction, respectively, does not contribute to balanced spatial development. The positive impact of migration on economic development has been identified, in particular, migration contributes to improving the financial well-being of households, is an instrument for accumulating investment capital and savings, developing small businesses, and enhancing financial inclusion. It is proved that to preserve the human resources of rural areas in Ukraine, it is necessary to implement a proactive policy aimed at balancing the labour market of communities, simplifying the principles of conducting and reducing the risks of small business, increasing the young re-emigration, improving investment capital, increasing the competitiveness of the educational sphere at the local level. Originality / scientific novelty. A new scientific and methodological approach to assessing the dependence of the parameters of development of rural areas on migration processes due to two channels – human resources and remittance has been developed, complementary analysis of which makes it possible to identify the complex impact of migration on the socio-economic development of territories, optimal and critical volumes of migration according to various structural characteristics, migration gaps in the development of the economic system and social spheres of rural areas depending on the level of migration activity and the effectiveness of using the potential of remittance. Practical value / implications. The practical significance of the research results lies in the development of tools for forecasting and planning the state policy of preserving human resources of rural areas in Ukraine, depending on migration aspirations and the purposefulness of remittance.

In the study, attention is updated to the problem of stimulating the development of private business in the field of health care. The purpose of the study is to develop a toolkit for modernization of public policy in the field of development of private health care institutions. It has been established that the health care system is naturally considered as a prerequisite and an integral component of the sustainable development of society, and the modern trends that determine the priorities of state policy in this area are determined by such leading goals of the country’s socio-economic progress as sustainability of economic growth, social safety and improvement of the population’s well-being, strengthening of human potential, improvement of the quality of medical care and overcoming the demographic crisis. It is shown that today, in the conditions of existing challenges to the functioning and development of domestic medicine, the task of improving the public policy of stimulating the development of private health care institutions in Ukraine, providing medical and related services, especially on a systemic basis, has become critically relevant. The directions (vectors) of improving the public policy of stimulating the development of private health care institutions have been determined, namely: (1) improvement of regulatory and legal regulation; (2) improvement of financial and resource support; (3) improvement of the business environment. The applied value of the research results lies in the identification of obstacles to the development of small private health care institutions in Ukraine. The scientific novelty of the research results lies in the substantiation of the system of tools for stimulating the development of private health care institutions.

Purpose. The article aims to improve the methodology and analysis of the financial and economic security of agricultural business in Ukraine for the identification of problematic aspects and the substantiation of policy measures needed to strengthen it. Methodology / approach. The article offers the methodological approach for the comprehensive analysis of the financial and economic security of agricultural business in a region. The conceptual task of the approach is to calculate the empirical indicator of security (composite method) and its structural components (resources, investment, money and credit, debt, finance-economy, and insurance components) based on the identification of the weight of indicators (Principal Components Analysis). Results. The article reveals that the appropriate level of all components of financial and economic security correlates with the financial independence of agricultural entities. In 2018, the index of insurance security (0.798) and money and credit (0.737), debt (0.724), and resources (0.720) components of agricultural business security in Lvivska oblast were above the moderate level. The period of 2018–2022 faced a significant weakening in the resources (by 16.2 p.p.), investment (16.9 p.p.), money and credit (20.6 p.p.), debt (19.0 p.p.), finance-economy (18.0 p.p.), and insurance (5.3 p.p.) components of the sector’s financial and economic security. The average level of financial and economic security in the period under review was 65.0 %, and the average annual rate of decrease was 4.1 p.p. Originality / scientific novelty. The article improves the methodological approach to the complementary assessment of financial and economic security of agricultural business in a region, contributing to the identification of the degree of financial resilience of business entities in the agricultural sector of the regional economy in conditions of war and instability, in order to develop the mechanism for increasing the investment and economic capacity of business. Practical value / implications. The article offers and substantiates an applied approach to assessing the degree of regional financial resilience of agricultural business. Its implementation will allow carrying out a sectoral cut of the state of financial and economic security of the region’s industry and build architectonics of determinants of financial and economic security of business entities.