Tamir Avigdor's research while affiliated with Hebrew University of Jerusalem and other places
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Publications (3)
Although general anesthesia is normally induced by systemic dosing, an anesthetic state can be induced in rodents by microinjecting minute quantities of GABAergic agents into the brainstem mesopontine tegmental anesthesia area (MPTA). Correspondingly, lesions to the MPTA render rats relatively insensitive to standard anesthetic doses delivered syst...
General anesthetic agents are thought to induce loss-of-consciousness (LOC) and enable pain-free surgery by acting on the endogenous brain circuitry responsible for sleep-wake cycling. In clinical use, the entire CNS is exposed to anesthetic molecules with LOC usually attributed to synaptic suppression in the cerebral cortex and immobility and anal...
The induction of general anesthesia shares many features with the transition from wakefulness to non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, suggesting that the two types of brain-state transition are orchestrated by a common neuronal mechanism. Previous studies revealed a brainstem locus, the mesopontine tegmental anesthesia area (MPTA), that is of singu...
Citations
... An interesting aspect of the EEG signature observed during microinjection-evoked anesthesia is that it features alternating epochs of NREM-like, delta-wave dominant EEG and REMlike (wake-like) EEG. This pattern, which we call "paradoxical anesthesia, " differs markedly from the uniform delta-wave dominant EEG pattern normally seen during systemic-induced GABAergic anesthesia (Figure 2; Supplementary Video 1; Avigdor et al., 2021;. This supports the notion that via axonal projections we are tapping into natural sleep-wake circuitry that is located nearby, within the reticular formation and at a distance. ...
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... Additional functional changes caused by MPTA lesions are insomnia, a significant increase in awake time at the expense of sleep (REM and non-REM equally), and resistance to LOC induced by hypercapnia, elevated levels of CO 2 (Meiri et al., 2016;Lanir-Azaria et al., 2018). Together, these observations add to the emerging picture that the MPTA has executive control over brain-state transitions of arousal in general, not just response to exogenously administered pharmacological agents. ...
