Takeshi Kawakatsu's scientific contributions
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Publications (21)
Emissions from the transport sectors remain to be the Achille's Heel of climate policy. In spite of emissions reductions in industry and power generation in climate pioneer jurisdictions such as California and Germany, transport sector emissions have not been significantly reduced. So how can this Achilles Heel of modern climate policy be cured? Th...
Die Diskussion zu einer CO2-Steuer in Deutschland bedient vor allem alte Klischees. Dies überrascht besonders, da sowohl die Literatur als auch die klimapolitische Praxis gezeigt haben, dass eine CO2-Bepreisung den Klimaschutz sogar gerechter machen kann.
After more than 20 years of political debate, Japan introduced East Asia’s first carbon tax in October 2012. After five years of operation, we provide an early evaluation of the first experiences and possible impacts on East Asia carbon tax cooperation.
To this end, first, we evaluate the design of the Japanese carbon tax, explain the political bac...
“Where Did All the Markets Go?”1 was a question prominent amongst environmental economists in the 1990s when they realized the lack of market-based approaches in environmental policy practice with despair. Public Choice, the economic analysis of politics, answered that question by claiming a “market tendency for the political process to resist mark...
Um die immensen Herausforderungen zu bewältigen, muss das Pariser Klimaabkommenauf allen Regulierungsebenen konkretisiert werden. Lokale und regionale Emissionshandelssysteme bieten gerade in Situationen nationalen Politikversagens Chancen für den Klimaschutz von unten.
Um die immensen Herausforderungen zu bewältigen, muss das Pariser Klimaabkommen auf allen staatlichen Regulierungsebenen konkretisiert werden. Lokale und regionale Emissionshandelssysteme bieten, so die jüngsten Lehren aus Nordamerika, gerade in Situationen nationalen Politikversagens große Chancen für den Klimaschutz von unten.
The Paris Agreement is certainly a diplomatic success and it blazes the trail for future global climate action. However, in order to achieve its target of keeping the global temperature increase significantly below 2°C, the Agreement has to be substantiated by more ambitious reduction targets and policies (UNFCCC 2016). Regional interlinked carbon...
The 2011 Fukushima nuclear disaster and rapid global warming emphasize the necessity of reorganizing our energy system; but how do we get there? Energy and climate policy are obviously interlinked, e.g. via carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from fossil fuel burning in electricity generation. Policy targets are interdependent, sometimes even contradict...
Während Japan im internationalen Klimaschutz derzeit auf der Bremse steht, geht Tokyo einen innovativen Weg. Seit dem Jahr 2010 läuft dort das erste städtische CO2-Emissionshandelssystem. Die ersten Erfahrungen zeigen Stärken und Schwächen.
Megacities already account for a major part of global energy-related CO2 emissions with a strong tendency to increase; hence, future climate policy has to put a special emphasis on reducing big cities’ energy consumption, especially in a world, where global climate negotiations are deadlocked. Tokyo, the world’s biggest metropolis and emitter of gr...
Citations
... 360). From other perspectives (e.g., the Public Choice), the conundrum for an ambitious environmental policy (e.g., significant taxation) remains the voter's perceptions of the environmental objectives [31]. ...
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... In Basic Bill, the DPJ also emphasizes that domestic ETS is starting on 2011 [29]. ...
... Based on these discussions the Ministry of the Environment (MOE) submitted a series of tax proposals based on the examination of the Source OECD (2016), adopted by the authors characteristics of carbon taxes, institutional issues as taxes, the use of tax revenues, and preliminary estimation of the effects of carbon taxes. Kawakatsu et al. (2017) reported that the study group on possible tax system reform established by the Environmental Agency (the current MOE) already suggested in 1998 that a possible Japanese carbon tax should have a low tax rate and that the revenues should be solely used for GHG reduction, according to Environmental Agency (1997). In many countries carbon intensive sectors such as the fossil fuel industry, the iron and steel industry and the paper industry strongly oppose carbon pricing that significantly increases production costs if other conditions remain the same, and Japanese business community strongly opposed introducing the carbon tax, which was one of the factors explaining why the realized tax rate (JPY 289/t-CO 2 ) was much lower than the originally proposed rates (JPY 655/t-CO 2 in the proposals during 2004-2008, and JPY 1,064/t-CO 2 in the 2009 proposal). ...
... Nowadays, cities consume two-thirds of the world's energy and emit more than 70 % of the world's energy-related carbon dioxide (Rudolph and Kawakatsu, 2012). In other words, cities as the main economic development unit and the stimulus to future growth should play an important role in low carbon development. ...
... This means that environmental taxes are conceived as a combination of prices and standards, designed not to achieve a pareto-efficient allocation but to achieve a pre-set arbitrary environmental target. Furthermore, this detour from the theory of optimal taxation leads to a more pragmatic approach precisely because "the level of acceptable pollution is not a question of economics, but of environmental as well as of social (particularly intergenerational) justice considerations and can be set by the government" [19] (p. 275). ...
... Affected facilities represent approximately 40% of citywide CO2 emissions in each sector. Until recent adoption in China (Zhang et al., 2014), for several years this was globally the only cap-and-trade targeting a single city (Rudolph and Kawakatsu, 2013). ...
