Svitlana Shcherbinina’s research while affiliated with National University "Yuri Kondratyuk Poltava Polytechnic" and other places

Analysis, evaluate and forecast the development of foreign economic relations between Ukraine and Japan. Studies of scientific problems related to the intensification of Ukrainian-Japanese cooperation in the foreign economic sphere were carried out using critical and scientific analysis, methods of scientific generalization and systematization, induction and deduction. To predict the volume of exports of domestic products to Japan, the following adaptive methods for forecasting: Holt model, Holt-Muir model were used. Since there are significant fluctuations in the series of dynamics (imports volume), we revealed abnormal values of the series. To detect anomalous values of the series, the Irwin method is used. The obtained results made it possible to draw a conclusion about the existing trends of further growth in the volume of export and import of industrial goods between Ukraine and Japan despite the conditions of the war. The analysis and forecast of exports to Japan indicate not only the aggressiveness of international marketing of Japanese entrepreneurs but also reflects the shortcomings of Ukrainian business - cannot or does not want to focus on the production and export of labor-intensive industrial products with higher value added. Despite the localization of active hostilities, Ukraine's economic prospects remain extremely uncertain and depend on the duration of the war. In general, in order to support the export of traditional industrial goods (metal products. machinery and chemical products) to Japan, Ukraine needs to create an effective state policy of innovative development of domestic industry. The adaptive forecasting models presented in the article reproduce the dynamics of foreign trade relations between Ukraine and Japan. Unlike the existing ones, they are the most adequate forecasting tool in conditions of limited information and uncertainty. The results of the research presented in this work can be applied in practice for the analysis, evaluation and forecast of the development of foreign economic relations between the countries of the world.

Ensuring the energy efficiency of Ukraine's housing sector are important elements in building an efficient economy and achieving sustainable development goals. These processes require significant funding, which is attracted through modern fi-nancial instruments. The aim of the article is to study the financial instruments for energy efficiency of the housing sector of Ukraine. The study used general scientific and specific methods, in particular: analysis and synthesis, theoretical generalization, comparative analysis, the method of scientific forecasting. Source base for financing measures to improve the energy efficiency of the housing sector of Ukraine is found out, in particular: bank loans, programs of international donor organizations; commodity loans from manufacturers of materials and equipment. Problems have been identified that hinder the financing of measures to improve the energy efficiency of residential buildings at the regional level, due to limited credit availability, lack of appropriate funding instruments and programs. Modern financial instruments for energy efficiency in the form of non-repayable financing, debt financing, partial financing or a combination of these options are analyzed. The world's leading experience in the use of innovative financial instruments has been studied. It was found that financial mechanisms and tools to ensure energy efficiency of the housing sector in the EU work through grants, soft loans, tax benefits, ESCOs, European structural funds. It is substantiated that the decisive role in solving energy efficiency issues in European countries is the state. It was found that the main traditional tool for ensuring energy efficiency in the housing sector of Ukraine is the provision of subsidies to households. It is substantiated that it is necessary to improve the mechanism of public funding in the energy efficiency of the housing sector, in particular the transition from subsidies to a more diverse portfolio of instruments. We believe that in Ukraine, in addition to traditional instruments for financing the energy efficiency of the residential sector, it is necessary to actively implement innovative ones: PACE (Property Assessment Clean Energy) program; On-bill finance; crowdfunding.

The article uses methods of quantitative evaluation of economic risks that allow in conditions of uncertainty to provide an industrial enterprise with information on a less risky investment project for the adoption of a managerial decision. Several methods for assessing the risk of investing are used: the size of the dispersion, the value of the coefficient variation, the size of the semivariation, the size of the coefficient of semivariation, the value of the coefficient of asymmetry. Dispersion is a statistical term that describes the value range values expected for a particular variable. Dispersion is used in studying the variability of profits from a specific trading strategy or investment portfolio. This is often interpreted as a degree of uncertainty and, therefore, the risk associated with a certain portfolio of securities or investments. Semiivariation is an indicator of data that can be used to assess potential investment risks. Semivarianity is calculated by measuring the dispersion of all observations that fall below the middle or target data set. Neoclassical theory goes out for understanding that risks are just unfavorable scenarios for an investor company. Therefore, it is necessary to take into account the unfavorable deviations. When the management subject is loyal to risk, then it is necessary to use the coefficient of semivariation, which can also be determined which of the projects. If the company wants to successfully investigate the project, it is important to identify situations where the probability and magnitude of a positive (or negative) result is much larger than the opposite result. Understanding asymmetric risk is crucial for making correct decisions. The ability to identify asymmetric risk helps to avoid potentially dangerous situations where there are not enough errors. It also allows you to use the opportunities for investments where there are several ways to win. The criterion of maximum asymmetry is the minimum risk criterion. The results of the quantitative assessment of economic risks enable to substantiate the economic efficiency of investment projects.