July 2024
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5 Reads
Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
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July 2024
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5 Reads
Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
March 2024
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10 Reads
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1 Citation
Respiratory Medicine Case Reports
Background Paclitaxel is a chemotherapeutic drug widely used in breast cancer treatment. While common side effects are possible, paclitaxel-induced pneumonitis is rare, with an estimated incidence of 1%–5% and a high mortality rate. Case presentation A 57-year-old Thai woman diagnosed with stage II right breast cancer. She received adjuvant chemotherapy comprising doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide, followed by weekly paclitaxel. After the ninth paclitaxel cycle, she developed acute respiratory failure. Transbronchial biopsies revealed acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonitis. The patient was placed in prone position. Following the administration of dexamethasone, her symptoms improved. However, while reducing the dexamethasone dosage, she developed new-onset dyspnea as well as Takotsubo cardiomyopathy. Intravenous methylprednisolone 500 mg/day was administered for 3 days followed by transition to intravenous dexamethasone and slow tapering to prednisolone. Prednisolone was gradually tapered and eventually discontinued after 3 months. Conclusions Paclitaxel-induced pneumonitis is a rare complication. The diagnosis should be considered in any patient who develops respiratory symptoms while receiving paclitaxel. Acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonitis is a rare type of interstitial pneumonitis with high recurrence and mortality rates. High-dose steroids are needed to treat this type of pneumonitis.
March 2024
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31 Reads
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6 Citations
Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
September 2023
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14 Reads
Background: Paclitaxel is a chemotherapeutic drug widely used in breast cancer treatment. While common side effects are possible, paclitaxel-induced pneumonitis is rare, with an estimated incidence of 1%–5% and a high mortality rate. Case presentation: A 57-year-old Thai woman was diagnosed with stage II right breast cancer. She received adjuvant chemotherapy comprising doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide, followed by weekly paclitaxel. After the ninth paclitaxel cycle, she developed progressive dyspnea and acute respiratory failure. Empirical antibiotic therapy with meropenem, levofloxacin, oseltamivir, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was initiated to address potential bacterial/viral pneumonias and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Transbronchial biopsies revealed acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonitis. The patient was placed in the prone position, and a muscle relaxant was administered. Following the administration of dexamethasone, her symptoms improved. However, while reducing the dexamethasone dosage, she developed new-onset dyspnea as well as tachy-brady arrhythmia and hypotension. Echocardiography revealed Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (stress-induced cardiomyopathy). Intravenous methylprednisolone 500 mg/day was administered for 3 days followed by transition to intravenous dexamethasone and slow tapering to prednisolone. Prednisolone was gradually tapered and eventually discontinued after 3 months. Discussion and Conclusions: Paclitaxel-induced pneumonitis is a rare complication. The diagnosis should be considered in any patient who develops respiratory symptoms while receiving paclitaxel. Acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonitis is a rare type of interstitial pneumonitis with high recurrence and mortality rates. High-dose steroids are needed to treat this type of pneumonitis.
April 2023
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54 Reads
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6 Citations
Life Sciences
Aims: Cancer metastasis is a major cause of lung cancer-related mortality, so identification of related molecular mechanisms is of interest. Calmodulin-regulated spectrin-associated protein 3 (CAMSAP3) has been implicated in lung cancer malignancies; however, its role in metastatic processes, including invasion and angiogenesis, is largely unknown. Main method: The clinical relevance of CAMSAP3 expression in lung cancer was evaluated. The relevance of CAMSAP3 expression to in vitro cell invasion and angiogenesis was assessed in human lung cancer cells and endothelial cells, respectively. The molecular mechanism was identified by qRT-PCR, immunoprecipitation, mass spectrometry, and RNA immunoprecipitation. The in vivo metastatic and angiogenic activities of lung cancer cells were assessed. Key findings: Low CAMSAP3 expression was found in malignant lung tissues and strongly correlated with a poor prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). CAMSAP3-knockout NSCLC exhibited high invasive ability, and CAMSAP3 knockout induced HUVEC proliferation and tube formation; these effects were significantly attenuated by reintroduction of exogenous wild-type CAMSAP3. Mechanistically, in the absence of CAMSAP3, the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) was upregulated, which increased the levels of downstream HIF-1α targets such as vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) 2 and 9. Proteomic analysis revealed that nucleolin (NCL) bound to CAMSAP3 to regulate HIF-1α mRNA stabilization. In addition, CAMSAP3-knockout lung cancer cells displayed highly aggressive behavior in metastasis and angiogenesis in vivo. Significance: This study reveals that CAMSAP3 plays a negative regulatory role in lung cancer cell metastatic behavior both in vitro and in vivo through NCL/HIF-1α mRNA complex stabilization.
November 2022
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39 Reads
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8 Citations
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) play essential roles in cancer development. This study aimed to identify transcriptomic biomarkers among MAP genes for the diagnosis and prognosis of lung cancer by analyzing differential gene expressions and correlations with tumor progression. Gene expression data of patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were used to identify differentially expressed MAP genes (DEMGs). Their prognostic value was evaluated by Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression analysis. Moreover, the relationships between alterations in lung cancer hallmark genes and the expression levels of DEMGs were investigated. The candidate biomarker genes were validated using three independent datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) on clinical samples. A total of 88 DEMGs were identified from TCGA data. The 20 that showed the highest differential expression were subjected to association analysis with hallmark genes. Genetic alterations in TP53, EGFR, PTEN, NTRK1, and PIK3CA correlated with the expression of most of these DEMGs. Of these, six candidates—NUF2, KIF4A, KIF18B, DLGAP5, NEK2, and LRRK2—were significantly differentially expressed and correlated with the overall survival (OS) of the patients. The mRNA expression profiles of these candidates were consistently verified using three GEO datasets and qRT-PCR on patient lung tissues. The expression levels of NUF2, KIF4A, KIF18B, DLGAP5, NEK2, and LRRK2 can serve as diagnostic biomarkers for LUAD and LUSC. Moreover, the first five can serve as prognostic biomarkers for LUAD, while LRRK2 can be a prognostic biomarker for LUSC. Our research describes the novel role and potential application of MAP-encoding genes in clinical practice.
... Systemic chemotherapy with anthracyclines and taxanes is the most common first-line treatment modality [3]. However, anticancer drug resistance, off-target toxicity, and complications, including pneumonia with severe inflammation, are major obstacles to the development of cancer chemotherapy regimens [4][5][6]. Although the possible molecular mechanisms of TNBC tumor growth, metastasis, and therapy have been increasingly revealed, their clinical application is still limited. ...
March 2024
Respiratory Medicine Case Reports
... Discover Oncology (2025) 16:3 | https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-024-01723-5 of solid tumors [17]. Particularly under hypoxic conditions, the expression of HIF-1α significantly increases, thereby influencing the survival and growth of tumor cells through the regulation of relevant gene expression [14][15][16]. Studies indicate that HIF-1α is connected to tumor development by promoting the expression of Vascular endothelial growth factor B (VEGF-B) and angiogenesis [18,19]. ...
April 2023
Life Sciences
... Recently, bioinformatics has significantly advanced in drug research and development by not only identifying potential therapeutic targets but also aiding in drug design [14,15]. Network pharmacology approaches have emerged as invaluable tools in this process and facilitated the identification of potential molecular targets of novel compounds promptly and precisely [16,17]. ...
November 2022
International Journal of Molecular Sciences