Suok Ling Nguang’s research while affiliated with Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah and other places

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Publications (3)


Assessment of Phenolic Compounds Stability and Retention during Spray Drying of Phyllanthus niruri Extracts
  • Article

October 2018

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153 Reads

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17 Citations

Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research

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Suok Ling Nguang

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This paper presents a method to enhance the thermal stability of Phyllanthus niruri polyphenols during spray drying. The major polyphenol content of the extracts derived from the aerial part of the plant was analyzed using an ultra-performance liquid chromatography, whereas the surface composition of the microcapsule was analyzed by x-ray photoelectron microscopy (XPS). Three encapsulant formulations made of maltodextrin (MD), whey protein isolate (WPI) and their combinations (WPI:MD 1:9) were compared with a control formulation without encapsulation. The microencapsulation method by WPI:MD proposed in this work increased the average polyphenols retention percentage after spray drying from 72.7% (without encapsulation) to 87.2%. The powder encapsulated with WPI:MD (1:9) yielded the best retention of phyllanthin (84.33%), gallic acid (88.93%) and quercetin (88.39%) compared to the system encapsulated solely by WPI or MD. The XPS results confirmed the existence of surface protein, which acts as a protective layer, thereby enhancing the polyphenols stability in the microcapsule. The finding from this work shows that quercetin is more susceptible to thermal degradation than phyllanthin and gallic acid during spray drying.


Fig. 1: Identification of active compound by comparing retention time.
Fig. 2: Identification of gallic acid by matching UV spectra of sample to standard in Empower software library.
Fig. 3: Identification of quercetin by matching UV spectra of sample to standard in Empower software library.
Optimisation of Gallic Acid and Quercetin Extraction from Phyllanthus Niruri
  • Article
  • Full-text available

July 2018

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1,927 Reads

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3 Citations

International Journal of Engineering & Technology

This paper presents an optimization study of gallic acid and queretin extraction from Phyllanthis niruri by using response surface methodology. Gallic acid and quercetin was extracted with the aid of sonication and the polyphenols content was analyzed using Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC). The effect of extraction time, amplitude and ethanol concentration on the yield of gallic acid and quercetin were investigated. The optimum gallic acid yield (10.43 ± 0.28 mg GA/g DW) was found in ethanol concentration of 40.0%, extraction time of 15 minutes and amplitude of 86.85% after solving the regression equation. Meanwhile, the optimum condition to obtain the highest yield of quercetin (17.48 ± 0.21 mg Que/g DW) was found in ethanol concentration of 40.0%, extraction time of 15 minutes and amplitude of 75%. The findings in this work may serve as a useful guide to obtain highest extraction yield of gallic acid and quercetin from Phyllanthus niruri.

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Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction on Phenolic and Flavonoid Content from Phyllanthus niruri Plant

January 2017

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235 Reads

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14 Citations

Indian Journal of Science and Technology

Objectives: To find out the effect of ultrasonic assisted extraction with various solvents of phenolic and flavonoid compound extracted from P. niruri. Methods/Statistical Analysis: Phenolic content from P. niruri was analyzed using Singleton’s method while the flavonoid content was analyzed by aluminum chloride colorimetric assay. Findings: The polyphenols extraction was greatly affected by the solvent type and concentration, particle size of the plant powder, solid liquid ratio and frequency. The highest phenolic content and flavonoid content were obtained at the solid ratio of 2g dry weight P. niruri powder at 119.28 mg GAE/g DW and 75.86 mg QE/g DW. Application/Improvements: The phenolic and flavonoid content reached its optimum extraction yield at the particle size of 125 μm, using 40% EtOH as solvent and the extraction yield increased when the ultrasonic frequency is increased to 53 kHz. The extraction method used in this work may serve as a useful guide to obtain optimum polyphenol extraction from P. niruri.

Citations (3)


... It has GRAS status, is relatively inexpensive, and is usually used in a mixture with secondary wall material such as maltodextrin. Combinations of whey protein and maltodextrin improve the drying properties and oxidative stability of encapsulated polyphenols (Gimbun et al., 2019;Bušić et al., 2018;Rafiq et al., 2023). As a wall material for encapsulation, whey protein demonstrates outstanding potential in film formation and retention . ...

Reference:

Alternative green wall materials: A new trend in spray drying encapsulation of polyphenols
Assessment of Phenolic Compounds Stability and Retention during Spray Drying of Phyllanthus niruri Extracts
  • Citing Article
  • October 2018

Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research

... A linear calibration plot (y = 101.77x -0.0061, R 2 = 0.9994) was obtained by plotting the absorbance value at 262 nm 30,31 of wavelength against the concentration of a standard GA stock solution (0-0.01 mg/mL). GA loading and loading efficiency (DL and LE) were determined by quantifying the GA content using the calibration curve of GA. ...

Optimisation of Gallic Acid and Quercetin Extraction from Phyllanthus Niruri

International Journal of Engineering & Technology

... When the variables associated with ultrasonic-assisted extraction (i.e., power, temperature, and extraction time) are monitored within limits, ultrasonic-assisted extraction provides a higher yield of bioactive compounds. Similar findings were reported in the Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction and antioxidant activity of flavonoids from Adinandranitida leaves and the UAE of phenolic and flavonoid contents from the phyllanthusniruri plant [22][23][24]. ...

Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction on Phenolic and Flavonoid Content from Phyllanthus niruri Plant
  • Citing Article
  • January 2017

Indian Journal of Science and Technology