December 2000
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6 Reads
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318 Citations
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December 2000
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6 Reads
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318 Citations
... The illicit drug trade, moreover, from the heroin crisis of the 1960s and 1970s to the crack cocaine crisis of the 1980s and 1990s, provided new opportunities for economic subsistence and, in some cases, considerable upward mobility for this same demographic. Unregulated by the state, control of drug markets is determined by extralegal means, and given the desperation of those vying for remunerative work in the drug trade, this has often involved violence (Bourgois, 1995;Cooley, 2011;Forman, 2017;Venkatesh, 2000). 2 ...
December 2000