Stuart Lindsay’s research while affiliated with Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh and other places

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Publications (6)


FIG. 1. Field images. Haplopteris palustris. A. Habit. B. Rhizome. C. Adaxial lamina. D. Sori. E. Roots. F. Venation.
FIG. 7. Haplopteris palustris (based on the holotype). A. Habit. B. Adaxial lamina. C. Abaxial lamina. D. Venation. E. Rhizome scale cells. F. Soral paraphysis. G. Rhizome scale. H. Rhizome.
Haplopteris palustris , A New Terrestrial Vittarioid Fern (Pteridaceae; Polypodiales) from Western Malesia
  • Article
  • Full-text available

May 2024

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181 Reads

Systematic Botany

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Stuart Lindsay

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A new vittarioid fern species, Haplopteris palustris , is here described from the swamp forests in western Malesia based on both morphological and molecular phylogenetic evidence. This species is unique among all recognized congeners with its strongly raised midrib on the adaxial lamina. Through phylogenetic analysis, it is resolved as the sister group of H. sessilifrons , a species usually found in lowland mixed dipterocarp forests. Additionally, we provide chromosome counts for this new species. Our finding underscores the significance of Southeastern Asian swamp forests, emphasizing the need for conservation endeavors and research to ensure the protection of this invaluable ecosystem.

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A botanical oasis rather than a biological desert: Rediscoveries, new species and new records in a tropical city

January 2024

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244 Reads

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5 Citations

Societal Impact Statement Cities present a unique challenge for conservation. While overall native biodiversity is reduced, remnant habitats in the urban matrix can be important refugia for native and endemic species. This study reviews the rediscovery of 173 presumed nationally extinct plant taxa and discovery of 155 new native plant records, including 22 new to science and five endemics, in the botanically densely‐collected tropical city‐state of Singapore. The findings of this study indicate that plant rediscoveries and new discoveries are still possible in cities and urban areas with remaining fragments of original forest reserved for species protection, and investment in comprehensive botanical surveys and taxonomic research. Summary The conservation of native species‐dominated forest fragments and investment into botanical surveys and taxonomic research have enabled the rediscovery of presumed nationally extinct plant taxa and discovery of new native plant records in the tropical city‐state of Singapore. We compared national plant checklists of 2009, 2022, and the national Red Data Book (third edition in press) to enumerate rediscovered and newly discovered native vascular plant taxa in the last 14 years. We examined if these were from taxonomic specialist redetermination of only pre‐existing specimens or newly collected from field surveys, and if they were from particular sites and vegetation types, disproportionately represented by certain life forms and families, and predominantly threatened. We documented 173 rediscoveries and 155 new records after 2009, including 22 new to science and five endemics. Most rediscoveries were newly collected from field surveys, but most new records resulted from redetermination of pre‐existing specimens. Native species‐dominated forest fragments were the most important sites for the first collection of new records or first re‐collection of rediscoveries. Trees and climbers were well‐represented among the rediscoveries and new records. Epiphytes were significantly under‐represented compared to their proportion in the presumed nationally extinct flora. Most rediscoveries and new records are nationally Critically Endangered but regionally and globally not assessed. Our findings indicate hope for the persistence of rare native plant species and opportunities for conservation in cities.


Systematics and biogeography of the Old World fern genus Antrophyum

April 2023

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514 Reads

Cladistics

Antrophyum is one of the largest genera of vittarioid ferns (Pteridaceae) and is most diverse in tropical Asia and the Pacific Islands, but also occurs in temperate Asia, Australia, tropical Africa and the Malagasy region. The only monographic study of Antrophyum was published more than a century ago and a modern assessment of its diversity is lacking. Here, we reconstructed a comprehensively sampled and robustly supported phylogeny for the genus based on four chloroplast markers using Bayesian inference, maximum likelihood and maximum parsimony analyses. We then explored the evolution of the genus from the perspectives of morphology, systematics and historical biogeography. We investigated nine critical morphological characters using a morphometric approach and reconstructed their evolution on the phylogeny. We describe four new species and provide new insight into species delimitation. We currently recognize 34 species for the genus and provide a key to identify them. The results of biogeographical analysis suggest that the distribution of extant species is largely shaped by both ancient and recent dispersal events.


Flora of Singapore: Checklist and bibliography

May 2022

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508 Reads

Gardens’ Bulletin Singapore

A checklist of all species of bryophytes, lycophytes, ferns, gymnosperms and angiosperms that are found in the wild (native, naturalised and casual) in Singapore is presented. We have attempted to account for all names of species and infraspecific taxa that have ever been recorded for Singapore, along with the pertinent publications that reported each of these names. For each currently accepted name, the synonyms of relevance for Singapore are included. The native or non-native status for all taxa is given, along with the most recent national conservation assessment applied to each native taxon. If we were aware that the most recent assessment required an update, the taxon is newly assessed here. The checklist includes 2654 native taxa, 479 naturalised/casual taxa and 101 cryptogenic taxa.


Flora of Singapore: Checklist and bibliography

May 2022

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76 Reads

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8 Citations

Gardens’ Bulletin Singapore

A checklist of all species of bryophytes, lycophytes, ferns, gymnosperms and angiosperms that are found in the wild (native, naturalised and casual) in Singapore is presented. We have attempted to account for all names of species and infraspecific taxa that have ever been recorded for Singapore, along with the pertinent publications that reported each of these names. For each currently accepted name, the synonyms of relevance for Singapore are included. The native or non-native status for all taxa is given, along with the most recent national conservation assessment applied to each native taxon. If we were aware that the most recent assessment required an update, the taxon is newly assessed here. The checklist includes 2654 native taxa, 479 naturalised/casual taxa and 101 cryptogenic taxa.


Citations (2)


... Until the collection from the Nee Soon Pipeline in 2011, the species was not recorded from Singapore. Despite Singapore being comparatively very well collected within Malesia (see Middleton et al., 2019), activities toward the Flora of Singapore programme, including additional fieldwork, collecting and critical re-appraisal and identification of herbarium material, has resulted in 150 additional species added to the flora of the island in a 14-year period from 2009-2023 (Neo et al., 2024). Climbing taxa, especially lianas reaching the canopy, were highlighted by Neo et al. (2024) as one of the groups previously overlooked by previous botanists and requiring specialist attention. ...

Reference:

Flora of Singapore precursors, 47: The genus Phytocrene (Icacinaceae) in Singapore
A botanical oasis rather than a biological desert: Rediscoveries, new species and new records in a tropical city

... Through the Flora of Singapore project (Middleton, 2019) and the work required for a third edition of the Singapore Red Data Book (Middleton et al., in press), an updated national checklist and bibliography of all native, naturalised, and casual bryophytes and vascular plants and their conservation statuses was compiled and published by Lindsay et al. (2022; see definitions of native and non-native status categories therein). This enumerated 2388 native (including 11 endemic), 476 naturalised or casual, and 101 cryptogenic vascular plant taxa for Singapore. ...

Flora of Singapore: Checklist and bibliography

Gardens’ Bulletin Singapore